Description2016 1 12 tolerance and modulation index 2 - 1 linear.png
English: When the CDR operates along the tolerance border, its periodic output is made by two periodic signal parts:
the tracking
the error.
When tracking is the larger part, the angle represented by the FM modulation index h of the VCO overlaps (almost) with the tolerance function.
When tracking is the smaller part and the errors the larger, the tolerance angle tends to the buffer depth and the modulation index becomes very small.
This diagram is for the medium complexity case -amongst practical cases- of a 2nd order type 1 architecture using aligner phase comparator.
to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work
to remix – to adapt the work
Under the following conditions:
attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
share alike – If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same or compatible license as the original.