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C++ Language/Std/Strings/Unicode

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C++ Language
  1. Overview
  2. Preprocessing
    1. Macros
    2. Tokenization
    3. Preprocessing Strings
    4. Compile-time Constants
    5. Compile-time Assertions
    6. Conditional-Compilation
  3. Namespace
    1. Namespace Shortcuts
    2. Nesting
    3. Splitting across Files
    4. Named and Unnamed
  4. Type
    1. Hungarian Prefixes
    2. Boolean
    3. Literals
    4. Bitwise Representation
    5. Max Value
    6. Conversion
    7. Enumeration
    8. Shortcuts
    9. Variant
    10. RTTI: RunTime Type Information
  5. Variables
    1. Lifetime and Scope
    2. Initialization
    3. Uniform Initialization
    4. Initialize without Constructor
    5. Decomposing-Auto
    6. Define at Same Time as Type
  6. Indirection
    1. Pointers
    2. Typed NULL
    3. Arrays
    4. Reference Variables
    5. Rvalue-References
    6. Smart Pointers
  7. Expressions
    1. Precedence
    2. Chain of Assignment
  8. Program Flow
    1. Loops
    2. The break Statement
    3. Return Value
    4. Parameters
    5. Function Overloading
    6. Function-Pointer
    7. Deprecating a Function
  9. Objects
    1. Accessibility
    2. Unwanted Compiler-Generated Functions
    3. Constructors
    4. Destructors
    5. Const Members
    6. Static Members
    7. Inheritance
    8. Operator Overloading
    9. Nested Classes
    10. Pointer to Members
    11. Low-Level C Structures
  10. Templates
    1. Templated-Functions
    2. Templated-Classes
    3. Templated-Variables
    4. Template-Parameters
    5. Traits
    6. Metaprogramming
    7. Concepts
  11. Error Handling
    1. Returning an Error Code
    2. Assertions
    3. C++ Exception Handling
  12. Standard Libraries
    1. C-Runtime
    2. STL: Standard Template Library
    3. Strings
    4. IOStreams
    5. Filesystem Access
    6. Multithreading
    7. RNG: Random Number Generator
  13. Obsolete Features

An 8-bit "Ascii character" has type char (its literal values are char cVar = 'h'; and "hello", its Standard Library functions are named like strlen(), and its Win32 functions are named like SetWindowTextA()).

A "wide-Unicode character" has type wchar_t (its literal values are wchar_t cwVar = L'h'; and L"hello", its Standard Library functions are named liked wcslen(), and its Win32 functions are named like SetWindowTextW()).

Windows programmers use preprocessor macros in TCHAR cxVar = _TEXT('h'); to alias either char cxVar = 'h'; or wchar_t cxVar = L'h'; (these macros are controlled by Windows' build system). That same switching mechanism also controls the expansion of macros _tcslen() and SetWindowText().

Additional information about Unicode

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