Introduce language used at holidays and gatherings
Begin Present Tense
Advance production for simple present tense phrases.
Articles and Nouns
Articles in Spanish are classified in two sets of categories.
These two sections, gender and number, determine how nouns are treated within a sentence.
Article Description Feminine:
Singular
La : The
Una: A
Plural
Las: The
Unas A
Examples:
La amiga. ---> Las amigas.
Una casa. ---> Unas casas.
Article Description Masculine:
Singular
El : The
Un: A
Plural
Los The
Unos A
Examples:
Un amigo. --> Unos amigos.
El hogar --> Los hogares
Classes of gender and number also exist within subject pronouns.
These two sections, gender and number, determine how nouns are treated within a sentence.
In Spanish, it is common for subject pronouns to be omitted, as they are incorporated as part of a verb conjugation.
We will begin verb conjugations next.
Nouns Check Point Activity:
Subject Pronouns
Persona
Person
Español
Inglés
Yo
I
Tú
You
Él
He
Ella
She
Nosotros
We
Ellos
They
Ellas
They (females)
Infinitive Verbs: Family Tradition
There are three broad categories of verb-types in Spanish:
Verbs that end in ...
-AR*
-ER*
-IR*
Infinitive Verb List
Regular Verbs
Español
Inglés
preparar
to prepare
invitar
to invite
cocinar
to cook
viajar
to travel
celebrar
to celebrate
decorar
to decorate
deber
should
comer
to eat
vivir
to live
escribir
to write
leer
to read
Irregular Verbs
Español
Inglés
ir
to go
venir
to come
tener
to have
salir
to go out / to leave
querer
to want
ser
to be (permanent)
estar
to be (temporary)
Conjugated Verbs:Present Tense
In Spanish, verbs are conjugated depending on the subject they are associated with, as well as the tense.
For now, we will focus on Present Simple Tense
Each subject pronoun is associated with a particular verb-ending type.
Subject - Verb Ending Conjugations
Persona
Verb ends in:
Español
Inglés
Yo : I
-o
Tú : You
-as / -es
Él : He
-a / -e
Ella: She
-a / -e
Nosotros: We
-amos / -emos
Ellos / Ellas: They
-an / -en
The general formula for creating verb conjugations is to replace the infinitive verb ending (-ar/-er/-ir) with the appropriate ending of the subject.
Although there are three verb-ending categories, -er and -ir verbs tend to share most of the conjugation endings.
Regular Verbs: Present Tense
-Ar Verbs Table
-AR Verbs
Subject Pronoun
Verb Ending
Infinitive Verb
Conjugated Verb
Example - Spanish
Example - Translation
Yo
-o
celebrar
celebro
Yo celebro a la fiesta.
I celebrate at the party.
Tú
-as
invitar
invitas
Tú invitas a tú amigo.
You invite your friend.
Él
-a
preparar
prepara
Él prepara la comida.
He prepares the food.
Ella
-a
cocinar
cocina
Ella cocina la cena.
She cooks the dinner.
Nosotros
-amos
viajar
viajamos
Viajamos a Florida cada Navidad.
We travel to Florida every Christmas.
Ellos / Ellas
-an
decorar
decoran
Ellos no decoran el árbol.
They don't decorate the tree.
ER/IR Verbs Table
-ER / -IR Verbs
Subject Pronoun
Verb Ending
Infinitive Verb
Conjugated Verb
Example - Spanish
Example - Translation
Yo
-o
comer
como
Yo como la cena.
I eat the dinner.
Tú
-es
escribir
escribes
Tú escribes una carta.
You write a card.
Él
-e
leer
lee
Él lee la carta.
He reads the card.
Ella
-e
vivir
vive
Ella vive en Nueva York.
She lives in New York.
Nosotros
-imos / -emos
comer
comemos
Comemos juntos a la fiesta del Día de Independenia.
