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Flora of New York/Cyperaceae 2

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Cyperaceae 1
Flora of New York — Cyperaceae 2: Carex
Cyperaceae 3
Table of
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Genus
index
Protected species index Invasive species index


New York Carex Species Index ⇗

New York Carex cladogram ⇗

Carex

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The genus Carex is represented by more than 200 species in New York. Of these, all but about a dozen species are native to New York State.[1] Of the non-native taxa, the two species of Asiatic sand sedge, included here in Carex sect. Macrocephalae, are considered to be potentially invasive.[2] Only one of these, Carex kobomugi, has been reported in New York (a single population in 2013), but both have been reported in nearby states.

Here, the genus was previously organized by sections, using the modified version of Kenneth Kent Mackenzie’s system used in the Flora of North America (FNA).[3][4]

This page was later re-organized somewhat based on the intermediate framework recommended by the Global Carex Group (GCG)(2021).[5]

Where practicable, the traditional (FNA) sections were left intact within any larger clades into which their members were placed by GCG.

New York Natural Heritage Program Rare Plant Status Lists.[6]


Carex subg. Euthyceras

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III. Carex subg. Euthyceras Peterm., Deutschl. Fl. 602. 1849.[1]

Type species: Carex microglochin Wahlenb.[2]


Subg. Euthyceras > Rara Clade >> sect. Leptocephalae

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Carex leptalea
III.B.1. Rara Clade contains traditional sections Rarae (23/23), Rhizopodae (3/3), Leptocephalae (1/1). Of the 27 or so species in the resulting clade, only Carex leptalea is native to North America. The rest are Asian or Australasian species.[1]

The traditional Carex section Leptocephalae contains the single species Carex leptalea which is found in North America and the Caribbean Basin.[2]

iNaturalist currently treats the Rara Clade as Complex Carex leptalea (Carex Rara Clade).[3]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Euthyceras sect. Leptocephalae
Genus Carexsubg. Euthycerassect. Leptocephalae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Wahlenb.
 ssp. leptalea

1803. Carex microstachya Michx. in Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2:169
1803. Carex leptalea Wahlenb. in Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 24:139
1805. Carex polytrichoides Muhl. ex Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4: 213
1840. Carex hochstetteri Frank ex Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1:291
1979. Carex leptalea var. tayloris B.Boivin in Phytologia 43:67

Bristle-stalked sedge
Bristly-stalked sedge
Bristlystalked sedge
Flaccid sedge
Carex à tiges grêles
Native, CoC: 8,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 5,
2n = 50, 52

NYFA: 48 counties
iNat: 19 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Euthyceras > Capitata Clade

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Carex microglochin
III.B.2. Capitata Clade contains all or parts of traditional sections Capituligerae (6/6), Leucoglochin (1/5), Petraeae (2/3), Nardinae (1/1), Obtusatae (1/1).

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Capituligerae contains about six species worldwide, with Carex arctogena and Carex capitata found in North America.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Leucoglochin contains about five species worldwide, with Carex microglochin and Carex pauciflora found in North America.[2]

The Global Carex Group (2021) placed Carex microglochin with sect. Capituligerae and a few other species in subg. Euthyceras clade Capitata (III.B.3)[3]

iNaturalist currently treats subg. Euthyceras clade Capitata (III.B.2) as Complex Carex capitata (Carex capitata Clade).[4]

None of the sedges in this clade have been reported in New York, but a few have been reported from New England and eastern Canada. They are included here as placeholder representatives of the calde.


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Euthyceras — clade Capitata
Genus Carexfna-sect. Capituligerae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Sol

1759. Carex capitata Sol. in C.Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10. 2:1261
1840. Diemisa capitata (Sol.) Raf. in Good Book: 27
1849. Carex capitata f. alpicola Andersson in Nya Bot. Not. 1849:2
1866. Psyllophora capitata (Sol.) Schur in Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 697
1979. Vignea capitata (Sol.) Soják in Čas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Přír. 148:195 (1980)

Capitate Sedge
Carex capité
N. America native,
Not listed in NY

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 50

NYFA: Not listed
iNat: No NY observations
GBIF: none in NY

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Harry Sm.

1940. Carex arctogena Harry Sm. in Acta Phytogeogr. Suec. 13:193
1944. Carex capitata ssp. arctogena (Harry Sm.) Hiitonen in Luonnon Tutkija 48:55
1949. Carex capitata f. arctogena (Harry Sm.) Raymond in Contr. Inst. Bot. Univ.
1958. Carex capitata var. arctogena (Harry Sm.) Hultén in Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.
1954. Carex antarctogena Roiv. in Ann. Bot. Soc. Zool.-Bot. Fenn. "Vanamo"

Tufted black sedge
Capitate sedge
Black sedge
Carex arctogène
N. America native,
Not listed in NY

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: Not listed
iNat: No NY obserations

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Genus Carexfna-sect. Leucoglochin Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Wahlenb.
 ssp. microglochin

1803. Carex microglochin Wahlenb. in Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 24: 140
1813. Carex pauciflora var. microglochin (Wahlenb.) Poir. in J.B.A.M.de Lamarck
1826. Uncinia microglochin (Wahlenb.) Spreng. in Syst. Veg., ed. 16. 3:830
1889. Caricinella microglochin (Wahlenb.) St.-Lag. in A.Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8, 2:880

Fewseeded bog sedge
Bristle sedge
Carex à petite arête
N. America native,
Not listed in NY

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 50

NYFA: Not listed
iNat: No NY observations
GBIF: Ontario County

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Genus Carexfna-sect. Nardinae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Hornem.) Fr.
 var. nardina

1827. Kobresia nardina Hornem. in Nomencl. Fl. Danic.: 74
1839. Carex nardina (Hornem.) Fr. in Novit. Fl. Suec. Mant. 2:55
1841. Carex gynocrates Wormsk. ex Drejer in Naturhist. Tidsskr. 3:438, nom. superfl.
1882. Carex chordorrhiza ssp. gynocrates Nyman in Consp. Fl. Eur.:782
1902. Carex dioica var. gynocrates (Nyman) Ostenf. in Fl. Arct.:60
1939. Kobresia arctica N.A.Ivanova in Bot. Zhurn. S.S.S.R. 24:490
1943. Carex elyniformis A.E.Porsild in Sargentia 4:17
1962. Carex dioica ssp. gynocrates (Nyman) Hultén in Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.
1979. Vignea gynocrates (Nyman) Soják in Čas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Přír., nom. superfl.
1979. Vignea nardina (Hornem) Soják in Čas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Přír.

Spike sedge
Nard Sedge
Carex à odeur de nard
N. America native

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 68, 70

iNat: No NY observations
GBIF: Erie County

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Subg. Euthyceras > Pauciflora Clade >> sect. Leucoglochin

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Carex pauciflora
III.B.3. Pauciflora Clade contains all or parts of traditional sections Circinatae (6/6), Dornera (4/4), Inflatae (3/3), Leucoglochin (1/5).

The traditional Carex section Leucoglochin contains about five species worldwide, with Carex microglochin and Carex pauciflora found in North America.[1]

III.B.3. Pauciflora Clade contains Carex pauciflora (the type species of sect. Leucoglochin). The other North American sedge from this section (C. microglochin) was placed in III.B.2. Capitata Clade above.[2]

iNaturalist currently treats subg. Euthyceras clade Pauciflora (III.B.3) as Complex Carex pauciflora (Carex Pauciflora Clade).[3]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Euthyceras — clade Pauciflora
Genus Carexsubg. Euthycerassect. Leucoglochin Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Lightf.

1777. Carex pauciflora Lightf. in Fl. Scot. 2:543
1778. Carex patula Huds. in Fl. Angl., ed. 2:402, nom. illeg.
1782. Carex leucoglochin L.f. in Suppl. Pl.: 413
1821. Trasus pauciflorus (Lightf.) Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 56 (publ. 1822)
1840. Anithista patula Raf. in Good Book: 26
1844. Leucoglochin pauciflorus (Lightf.) Heuff. in Flora 27:528

Few-flowered sedge
Fewflower sedge
Few-flowered bog sedge
Star sedge
Carex pauciflore, Laîche pauciflore
Native, CoC: 10,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 9,
2n = ~74, 76

NYFA: 25 counties
iNat: 6 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Carex subg. Uncinia

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IV. Carex subg. Uncinia (Pers.) Peterm., Deutschl. Fl. 602. 1849.[1]

Type species: Uncinia australis Persoon, nom. illeg. (Carex uncinata L.f.) (designated by Pfeiffer, 1874–1875, Nomenclator Botanicus 2 (2): 1529).[2]


Subg. Uncinia > sect. Phyllostachyae

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Carex backii
IV.D. Carex sect. Phyllostachyae Tuck. ex Kük., in H.G.A.Engler, Pflanzenr. 20[IV,38]: 642. 1909.

Sect. Phyllostachyae contains all of traditional (FNA) sect. Phyllostachyae (10/10). The Global Carex Group found strong support for this section being monophyletic.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Phyllostachyae contains about ten North American species,[2] three of which have been found in New York State.

iNaturalist currently treats subg. Uncinia sect. Phyllostachyae (IV.D) as Section Phyllostachyae (Carex Sect. Phyllostachyae).[3]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Uncinia sect. Phyllostachyae
Genus Carexsect. Phyllostachyae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Schkuhr ex Willd.

1805. Carex willdenowii Schkuhr ex Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:211

Willdenow's sedge
Carex de Willdenow
Native, CoC: 7,
Rare,
DEC-C[1],
S4

UPL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 3,
2n = 62, 78

NYFA: 13 counties
iNat: 4 counties

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Boott

1839. Carex backii Boott in W.J.Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2:210
1893. Carex durifolia L.H.Bailey in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 20:428

Back's sedge
Rocky Mountain sedge
Carex de Back
Native, CoC: 8,
Threatened,
DEC-B[2],
NYNHP-3[3],
S3, G4

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 6,
2n = 66

NYFA: 12 counties
iNat: 4 counties

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Schwein.

1824. Carex jamesii Schwein. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. N.Y. 1:67
1837. Carex steudelii Kunth in Enum. Pl. 2:480
1837. Carex disperma Kunth in Enum. Pl. 2:480, nom. illeg.
1905. Carex austromontana Parish in Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 4:108
1905. Carex jacintoensis Parish in Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 4:110
1909. Carex jamesii var. austromontana (Parish) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler
1913 . Dapedostachys steudelii (Kunth) Fedde & J.Schust. in Just's Bot.

James’ sedge
James’s sedge
Grass sedge
Carex de James
Native, CoC: 7,
Threatened,
DEC-B[2],
NYNHP-2-3[4],
S2-S3, G5

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 2,
2N = 66, 70

NYFA: 7 counties
iNat: 6 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Catling, Reznicek, & Crins

1993. Carex juniperorum Catling, Reznicek, & Crins in Syst. Bot. 18:497

Juniper sedge
Cedar sedge
Carex des genévriers
N. America native,
Unreported,
Endangered in Ontario[5]

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 7

NYFA: Not listed
iNat: No NY observations
GBIF: none in NY

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Carex subg. Vignea

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V. Carex subg. Vignea (P.Beauv. ex T.Lestib.) Heer, Mitth. in Geb. Theor. Erdk. 1: 426. 1836.

Most of the sedges of subgenus Vignea have dense spike-like inflorescences with sessile bisexual spikes. Their flowers are almost always distigmatic.[1]


Subg. Vignea > Echinata Clade >> sect. Stellulatae

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Carex echinata
V.C.1. Echinata Clade contains the traditional section Stellulatae (11/11) along with Eurasian species C. elongata and C. foetida.[1]

The traditional Carex (FNA) section Stellulatae contains about 15 taxa worldwide, eight of which are found in North America.[2]

Sedges in section Stellulatae are found in wetlands and have flattened, beaked perigynia with sharp edges that often point outward at maturity, creating star-like pattern.[3]

iNaturalist places this group in Complex Carex elongata (Carex Echinata Clade) as of 2/12/2024.


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Vignea — clade Echinata
Genus Carexfna-sect. Stellulatae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Murray
 ssp. echinata

1762. Carex muricata Huds. in Fl. Angl.: 349 (1762), sensu auct.
1770. Carex echinata Murray in Prodr. Stirp. Gott.: 76
1775. Carex muricata Leers in Fl. Herborn.: 200, t. 14, f. 8, sensu auct.
1787. Carex leersii Willd. in Fl. Berol. Prodr.: 28, nom. rej.
1794. Carex stellulata Gooden. in Trans. Linn. Soc. London 2: 144
1830. Vignea stellulata (Gooden.) Rchb. in J.C.Mössler, Handb. Gewächsk.
1869. Vignea echinata (Murray) Fourr. in Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n.s., 17: 176
1889. Caricina stellulata (Gooden.) St.-Lag. in A.Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8, 2: 870
1917. Carex angustior Mack. in P.A.Rydberg, Fl. Rocky Mts.: 124

Star sedge
Little prickly sedge
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 7,
2n = 58

NYFA: 49 counties
iNat: 14 counties

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L.H.Bailey

1805. Carex scirpoides Schkuhr ex Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4: 237, nom. illeg.
1830. Vignea scirpoides Rchb. in J.C.Mössler, Handb. Gewächsk., ed. 2. 3: 1611
1837. Carex stellulata var. scirpoides (Rchb.) Darl. in Fl. Cestr.: 31
1873. Carex interior L.H.Bailey nom. cons. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 20: 426
1939. Carex interior ssp. charlestonensis Clokey in Bull. S. Calif. Acad. Sci. 38:1
1941. Carex interior var. keweenawensis F.J.Herm. in Amer. Midl. Naturalist 25:19
1942. Carex interior f. keweenawensis (F.J.Herm.) Fernald in Rhodora 44:284


Inland sedge
Inland star sedge
Prairie star sedge
Carex continental
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 8

NYFA: 45 counties
iNat: 12 counties

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L.H. Bailey
 ssp. atlantica

1860. Carex stellulata var. conferta Chapm. in Fl. South. U.S.: 534
1884. Carex echinata var. conferta (Chapm.) L.H.Bailey in Carex Cat.: 2
1893. Carex atlantica L.H.Bailey in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 20: 425
1908. Carex incomperta E.P. Bicknell in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 35: 494
1965. Carex atlantica var. incomperta (E.P.Bicknell) F.J.Herm. in Rhodora 67:362

Wide-leaved prickly bog sedge
Prickly bog sedge
Atlantic sedge
Native, CoC: 8,
Secure,
S5

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 7

NYFA: 33 counties
iNat: 4 counties

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L.H. Bailey
ssp. capillacea (L.H. Bailey) Reznicek

1893. Carex interior var. capillacea L.H.Bailey in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 20:426
1908. Carex delicatula E.P.Bicknell in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 35: 495, nom. illeg.
1908. Carex scirpoides var. capillacea (L.H.Bailey) Fernald in Rhodora 10:47
1909. Carex stellulata f. capillacea (L.H.Bailey) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.)
1910. Carex howei Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 37:245
1931. Carex mohriana Mack. in N.L.Britton & al. (eds.), N. Amer. Fl. 18:106
1980. Carex atlantica ssp. capillacea (L.H.Bailey) Reznicek in Contr. Univ.
1991. Carex atlantica var. capillacea (L.H.Bailey) Cronquist in Gleason & ...

Narrow-leaved prickly bog sedge
Howe's sedge
Atlantic sedge
Eastern sedge
Carex à feuilles capillaires
Carex atlantique
Native, CoC: 8,
Vulnerable,
SNR, G5-T5?

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 7

NYFA: 18 counties
iNat: Nassau (2023)
GBIF

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Dewey

1828. Carex exilis Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 14:351, plate Q, figs. 53,54.
1828. Carex exilis var. squamacea Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 14:351
1840. Vignea exilis (Dewey) Raf. in Good Book: 27
1861. Carex exilis var. androgyna Dewey ex Alph.Wood in Class-book Bot.: 750

Meager sedge
Meagre sedge
Coast sedge
Coastal sedge
Coastal star sedge
Starved sedge
Carex maigre
Native, CoC: 10,
Likely secure,
S4, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 8

NYFA: 16 counties
iNat: 5 counties

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Howe

1896. Carex seorsa Howe in Rep. (Annual) Regents Univ. N.Y.S. Mus. 48: 138
           in H. C. Gordinier and E. C. Howe, Fl. Rensselaer County N.Y., 39. 1894.

Weak stellate sedge
Swamp star sedge
Carex à épis disjoints
Native, CoC: 8,
Likely secure,
S4

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 3

NYFA: 19 counties
iNat: 6 counties

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Willd.

1805. Carex sterilis Willd. Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:208
1848. Carex stellulata var. sterilis (Willd.) J.Carey in A.Gray, Manual: 544
1902. Carex elachycarpa Fernald in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 37: 492
1903. Kobresia elachycarpa (Fernald) Fernald in Rhodora 5: 251
1950. Carex sterilis var. rousseauiana Raymond in Naturaliste Canad. 77:62
1952. Carex muricata var. sterilis (Willd.) Gleason in Phytologia 4:22

Dioecious sedge
Sterile sedge
Fen star sedge
Carex stérile
Native, CoC: 10,
Likely secure,
S4, G4

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 8

NYFA: 18 counties
iNat: Genesee (1988)

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Mackz.

1931. Carex wiegandii Mack. in N.L.Britton & al. (eds.), N. Amer. Fl. 18: 108

Wiegand's sedge
Carex de Wiegand
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1],
NYNHP-1[2],
S1, G3

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 8

NYFA: Franklin, Lewis
iNat: No NY observations

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Subg. Vignea > sect. Glareosae

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Carex canescens ssp. canescens
V.C.2 Carex sect. Glareosae contains the entire traditional Carex sect. Glareosae (28/28).[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Glareosae contains about 28 species worldwide, 16 of which are found in North America North of Mexico.[2][3]

The circumboreal Carex sect. Glareosae is monophyletic but convergent evolution complicates differentiation using morphological characters.[4]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Vignea sect. Glareosae
Genus Carexsect. Glareosae"arcta" group Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(Pers.) Poir.

1807. Carex curta var. brunnescens Pers. in Syn. Pl. 2:539
1813. Carex brunnescens (Pers.) Poir. in J.B.A.M.de Lamarck, Encycl., Suppl. 3:286
1837. Carex canescens var. brunnescens (Pers.) W.D.J.Koch in Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv.
1840. Facolos brunnescens (Pers.) Raf. in Good Book: 26
1902. Carex canescens ssp. brunnescens (Pers.) Asch. & Graebn. in Syn. Mitteleur. Fl.
1909. Carex brunnescens var. sphaerostachya (Tuck.) Kük.
1912. Carex canescens proles brunnescens (Pers.) Rouy in G.Rouy & J.Foucaud,
1965. Carex brunnescens ssp. sphaerostachya (Tuck.) Kalela
1980. Vignea brunnescens (Pers.) Soják in Čas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Přír. 148:194

Brownish sedge
Brown sedge
Carex brunâtre
Native, CoC: 8,
Secure,
S5, G5

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 5,
2n = 56

NYFA: 41 counties
iNat: 4 counties

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Boott

1851. Carex canescens var. polystachya Boott in J.Richardson, Arct. Search. Exped.
1867. Carex arcta Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 4:155
1872. Carex kunzei Olney ex A.Gray in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 8:406
1889. Carex canescens var. oregana L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 1: 75
1909. Carex heleonastes var. scabriuscula Kük. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV
1979. Carex arcta var. oregana (L.H.Bailey) B.Boivin in Phytologia 43: 49

Northern clustered sedge
Northern cluster sedge
Bear sedge
Clustered sedge
Narrow sedge
Carex dru
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1],
S1, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 4,
2n = 60

NYFA: 8 counties
iNat: Franklin, St. Lawrence

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Carex arcta ×
Carex brunnescens

Hybrid of
  Northern clustered sedge &
  Brownish sedge
Native,
Hybrid,
SNA, GNA

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: Franklin 2021

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Genus Carexsect. Glareosae"canescens" group Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 ssp. canescens

1753. Carex canescens L. in Sp. Pl.: 974
1762. Carex brizoides Huds. in Fl. Angl.: 349, nom. illeg.
1777. Carex cinerea Pollich in Hist. Pl. Palat. 2:571
1791. Carex tenella Ehrh. in Beitr. Naturk. Verw. Wiss. 6:83, nom. illeg.
1830. Vignea canescens (L.) Rchb. in J.C.Mössler, Handb. Gewächsk., ed. 2
1889. Caricina canescens (L.) St.-Lag. in A.Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8, 2:877

Typical hoary sedge
Hoary sedge
Silvery sedge
Carex blanchâtre
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 7,
2n = 56

NYFA: 48 counties
iNat: 10 counties

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 ssp. disjuncta (Fernald) Toivonen

1902. Carex canescens var. disjuncta Fernald in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 37:488
1908. Carex disjuncta (Fernald) E.P.Bicknell in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 35: 495
1981. Carex canescens ssp. disjuncta (Fernald) Toivonen in Ann. Bot. Fenn.

Silvery sedge
Hoary sedge
Disjunct hoary sedge
Carex disjoint
Native, CoC: 7,
Unranked,
SNR, G5T

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 6,
2n = 54

NYFA: 16 counties
iNat: St. Lawrence, Suffolk

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Genus Carexsect. Glareosae"trisperma" group Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Dewey

1825. Carex trisperma Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 9: 63
1840. Neskiza trisperma (Dewey) Raf. in Good Book: 27

Three-seeded sedge
Three-fruited sedge
Three-seeded bog sedge
Carex trisperme
Native, CoC: 8,
Secure,
S5, G5-T5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 3,
2n = 60

NYFA: 43 counties
iNat: 8 counties

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(O.W. Knight) Kirschb.

1906. Carex trisperma var. billingsii O.W.Knight in Rhodora 8:185
1967. Carex trisperma for. billingsii (O.W.Knight) B.Boivin in Naturaliste Canad.
2007. Carex billingsii (O.W.Knight) Kirschb. in J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 1:401

Billings’ sedge
Billings' three-seeded bog sedge
Billings’s sedge
Carex de Billings
Native, CoC: 10,
Unranked,
SNR, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 6,
2n = 60

NYFA: 15 counties
iNat: 7 counties

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Wahlenb.

1803. Carex tenuiflora Wahlenb. in Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 24:147
1840. Carex leucolepis Turcz. ex Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1:292
1895. Carex arrhyncha Franch. in Bull. Annuel Soc. Philom. Paris, sér. 8, 7:30
1909. Carex tenuiflora var. arrhyncha (Franch.) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr.
1909. Carex tenuiflora var. setacea Kük. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV
1980. Vignea tenuiflora (Wahlenb.) Soják in Čas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Přír. 148:197

Sparse-flowered sedge
Sparse-leaved sedge
Thin-flowered sedge
Carex tênuiflore
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1],
S1-S2, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 58

NYFA: 8 counties
iNat: Lewis, St. Lawrence, Warren

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Fernald

Carex tenuiflora ×
Carex trisperma

1933. Carex × trichina Fernald in Rhodora 35:219

Hair-like sedge
Hybrid of
  Sparse-flowered sedge &
  Three-seeded sedge
Native,
Hybrid,
SNA, GNA

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: St. Lawrence
iNat: St. Lawrence (2021)

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Subg. Vignea > sect. Deweyanae

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Carex bromoides
V.D.2. Carex sect. Deweyanae Tuck. ex Mack., in N.L.Britton & A.Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S. ed. 2, 1: 352. 1931.

Contains traditional sect. Deweyanae (6/6), excluding C. laeviculmis and C. kreczetoviczii which were included in section Glareosae (V.C.2.)[1]

The traditional Carex section Deweyanae contains about 6 species found in North America and East Asia. Two of these are found east of the Mississippi, including in New York State.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Vignea sect. Deweyanae
Genus Carexsect. Deweyanae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Schwein.
 var. deweyana

1824. Carex deweyana Schwein. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 1:65
1829. Carex deweyi Eaton in Man. Bot., ed. 5:150
1840. Vignea deweyana (Schwein.) Raf. in Good Book: 27
1919. Carex deweyana var. stricta Farw. in Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 20:169

Dewey's sedge
Dewey sedge
Short-scale sedge
Carex de Dewey
Native, CoC: 6,
Secure,
S5, G5

FACU

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 6,
2n = 54

NYFA: 43 counties
iNat: 9 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Schkuhr ex Willd.
 ssp. bromoides

1805. Carex bromoides Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4: 258
1840. Loncoperis bromoides (Willd.) Raf. in Good Book: 27

Brome-like sedge
Brome hummock sedge
Common brome sedge
Carex faux-brome
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5?

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 4,
2n = 64, 66, 68

NYFA: 44 counties
iNat: 11 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Vignea > sect. Phaestoglochin

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Carex spicata
V.E.1. Carex sect. Phaestoglochin Dumort., Fl. Belg. 146. 1827.

Contains traditional sections Phaestoglochin (15/38), Vulpinae (2/13), and Echinochloomorphae (1/1). Consists primarily of Eastern Hemisphere species of traditional sect. Phaestoglochin, characterized by short rhizomes, inflorescences spicate (rarely distally branched), spikes androgynous, and perigynia wingless.

The Global Carex Group moved the New York sedges of traditional sect. Phaestoglochin into the three separate clades, leaving the non-native C. spicata as the only member reported in New York. The other members of this traditional section were moved to the Annectens Clade (V.E.2) and Rosea Clade (V.G.5). [1]

The traditional Carex section Phaestoglochin contained about 38 species worldwide, 25 of which are found in North America North of Mexico. Sedges of traditional section Phaestoglochin were characterized as upland species with compressed, sharp-edged oval perigynia, with male flowers appearing at the top of the spikelets.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Vignea sect. Phaestoglochin
Genus Carexsect. Phaestoglochin Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Huds.
 ssp. spicata

1762. Carex spicata Huds. in Fl. Angl.:349
1833. Carex contigua Hoppe in J.W.Sturm, Deutschl. Fl. Abbild. 14:61
1844. Carex furculata Peterm. in Flora 27:329
1846. Carex fraterna Rupr. in Symb. Pl. Ross.:208
1913. Desmiograstis contigua (Hoppe) Fedde & J.Schust. in Just (publ. 1918)
1921. Carex fumosa (Gren.) Prain in Index Kew., Suppl. 5: 4
1979. Vignea spicata (Huds.) Soják in Čas. Nár. Mus. 148:197 (publ. 1980)

Spiked sedge
Prickly sedge
Spiked bracted sedge
Carex à épi
Laiche en épi
Introduced from
 Europe,
Naturalized,
SNA, GNR

FACU-FAC

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 9,
2n = 58

NYFA: 16 counties
iNat: 6 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Vignea > Annectens Clade

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V.E.2. Annectens Clade contains parts of traditional sections Phaestoglochin (10/38), Multiflorae (10/10), Vulpinae (10/13), Divisae (6/15), Heleoglochin (4/13), Foetidae (6/17), Stenorhynchae (3/5), Bracteosae (2/12), Inversae (1/10).[1]

Subg. Vignea > Annectens Clade >> sect. Vulpinae

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Carex stipata
V.E.2. Annectens Clade contains 10 of the 13 traditional sect. Vulpinae species globally, including all 5 of the traditional sect. Vulpinae species listed in New York State.[1]

The traditional Carex section Vulpinae contains about 15 (13) species worldwide, 9 of which are found in North America North of Mexico.[2]

Sedges in Section Vulpinae have flattened, beaked, sharp-edged perigynia. The upper stems, below the flower cluster, are sharply triangular or winged and fairly soft and easily crushed.[3]


Carex sect. Vulpinae[1] Sheath front Perigynia length Perigynia shape Leaf texture
Carex stipata corrugated cross-wise 4-7 mm. tapered to a long beak not papillose above
Carex laevivaginata thick, truncate or concave band at top often > 5 mm. tapered to a long beak papillose above
Carex alopecoidea smooth, not thickened ≤ 4mm. rounded to a short beak not papillose above
Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Vignea sect. Vulpinae
Genus Carexsect. Vulpinae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Muhl. ex Willd.
 var. stipata

1805. Carex stipata Muhl. ex Willd.
1830. Vignea stipata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Rchb. in J.C.Mössler, Handb. Gewächsk.
1837. Carex setacea Frank ex Kunth in Enum. Pl. 2: 382, nom. illeg.
1837. Carex sparganioides Leconte ex Kunth in Enum. Pl. 2: 382, nom. illeg.
1840. Loncoperis stipata (Muhl. ex Willd.) Raf. in Good Book: 27
1875. Carex stipitata Boeckeler in Linnaea 39:85
1894. Carex stipata var. crassicurta Peck in Rep. Regents Univ. NYS Mus.
1894. Carex stipata var. subsecuta Peck in Rep. Regents Univ. NYS Mus.

Awl-fruited sedge
Awlfruit sedge
Owlfruit sedge
Prickly sedge
Common fox sedge
Stalk-grained sedge
Saw-beak sedge
Stipitate sedge
Carex stipité
Carex spongieux
Laiche épaisse
Native, CoC: 5,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 6,
2n = 48, 52

NYFA: 57 counties
iNat: 19 counties

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(Kük.) Mack.

1909. Carex stipata var laevivaginata Kük. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr.
1913. Carex laevivaginata (Kük.) Mack. in N.L.Britton & A.Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S.

Smooth-sheathed sedge
Smooth-sheathed fox sedge
Carex à gaine lisse
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 6,
2n = 46

NYFA: 34 counties
iNat: 10 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Tuck.

1843. Carex alopecoidea Tuck. in Enum. Meth. Caric.
1849. Carex alopecoidea var. sparsispicata Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts

Foxtail sedge
Fox-tail sedge
Brown-headed fox sedge
Brown-headed wood sedge
Carex alopécoïde
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5, G5

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 7,
2n = 68

NYFA: 21 counties
iNat: 3 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Boott

1849. Carex vulpina J.Carey ex Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts, ser., nom. illeg.
1862. Carex conjuncta Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 3:122
1979. Vignea conjuncta (Boott) Soják in Čas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Přír. 148:195

Soft fox sedge
Connected sedge
Native, CoC: 5,
Endangered,
DEC-A[2],
S1, G4-G5,
NYNHP: 1[3]

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 5

NYFA: 5 counties
iNat: Queens (?)
GBIF: Oneida, Yates

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Shuttlew. ex Kuntze

1844. Carex crus-corvi Shuttlew. ex Kuntze
1844. Carex crus-corvi f. orthoclados Kunze in Suppl. Riedgräs.:166
1845. Carex siciformis Boott in Boston J. Nat. Hist. 5:113
1846. Carex halei Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2, 2:248
1858. Carex hystrix A.Gray ex Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 1:26
1858. Carex ornithorhyncha Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 1:26
1937. Carex crus-corvi var. virginiana Fernald
1941. Carex virginiana (Fernald) Fernald in Rhodora 43:542, nom. illeg.
1942. Carex bayardii Fernald in Rhodora 44:71

Ravenfoot sedge
Raven's-foot sedge
Crow-spur sedge
Crowfoot fox sedge
Carex ergot-de-corbeau
N. America native,
Cultivated

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 6,
2n = 52

NYFA: Not listed
iNat: 0 NY counties
GBIF: Bronx (1900)

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Subg. Vignea > Annectens Clade >> sect. Heleoglochin

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Carex diandra
V.E.2. Annectens Clade contains 4 of the 13 traditional sect. Heleoglochin species globally, including all 3 of the traditional sect. Vulpinae species listed in New York State.[1]

The traditional Carex section Heleoglochin contains 11 or 12 (13) species worldwide, 4 of which are found in North America North of Mexico.[2]

The sedges of section Heleoglochin have branched clusters and oval perigynia that taper into broad beaks.[3]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Vignea sect. Heleoglochin
Genus Carexsect. Heleoglochin Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Schrank

1781. Carex diandra Schrank in Cent. Bot. Anmerk.: 57
1794. Carex teretiuscula Gooden. in Trans. Linn. Soc. London 2: 163
1923. Carex paniculata var. diandra (Schrank) Fiori in Nuov. Fl. Italia 1:185
1979. Vignea diandra (Schrank) Soják in Čas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Přír. 148: 195

Lesser-panicled sedge
Lesser tussock sedge
Bog panicled sedge
Two-stamen sedge
Carex diandre
Laiche à tige arrondie
Laîche arrondie
Native, CoC: 8,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 6,
2n = 48,50,54,60

NYFA: 27 counties
iNat: 5 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Dewey ex Alph.Wood

1845. Carex prairea Dewey in A Class-book of Botany 414
1861. Carex prairea Dewey ex Alph. Wood in A Class-book of Botany 750
1867. Carex teretiuscula var. ramosa Boott in Illustrations of the Genus Carex 4:145
1896. Carex teretiuscula var. prairea (Dewey ex Alph. Wood) Britton in Britton & Brown
1908. Carex diandra var. ramosa (Boott) Fernald in Rhodora 10(111):48
1909. Carex diandra var. prairea (Dewey ex Alph. Wood) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.)

Prairie sedge
Carex des prairies
Native, CoC: 9,
Secure

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 8,
2n = 66

NYFA: 28 counties
iNat: 2 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Muhl.

1817. Carex decomposita Muhl. in Descr. Gram.: 264
1826. Carex paniculata var. decomposita (Muhl.) Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 10:276

Cypress-knee sedge
Cypressknee sedge
Large-panicled sedge
Decomposite Sedge
Epiphytic Sedge
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1],
SH, G3,
NYNHP: 1[2]

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 5,
2n = 60, 64, 66.

NYFA: 5 counties
iNat: No NY observations
GBIF: 2 counties

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Carex sect. Heleoglochin[1][2] Inflorescence Perigynia mature position Perigynia mature color Perigynia shape Leaf sheath Broadest leaf width
C. diandra mostly 2-8 cm long, may be more compact, erect, basal 1-5 branches overlapping spreading, not concealed by the scales shiny, dark brown ovoid to lance-ovoid,
~2× as long as wide
convex on ventral face
truncate to convex, inner band pale/whitish with red dots 1-3 mm
C. prairea mostly 2-8 cm long, may be interrupted, nodding, basal 1-5 branches often weakly separated appressed, nearly or completely concealed by scales dull, medium brown ovoid to lance-ovoid, ~2× as long as wide, convex on ventral face truncate to convex, inner band copper-colored toward summit, with red dots, prolonged 2–8 mm beyond base of blade 1-3 mm
C. decomposita mostly 7-15 cm long, basal 3-9 branches well-separated, basal branch has 9–33(–48) spikes spreading deep olive green to brown obpyramidal or broadly obovoid, body very abruptly contracted into beak (0.4–0.7 mm), 1.3-1.5× as long as wide concave at mouth, not prolonged 3-8 mm

Subg. Vignea > Annectens Clade >> sect. Multiflorae

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Carex vulpinoidea
V.E.2. Annectens Clade contains all 10 traditional sect. Multiflorae species worldwide.[1]

The traditional Carex section Multiflorae contains 7 (10) species worldwide, 7 of which are found in North America North of Mexico, and 2 of which are native to New York.[2]

Sedges in section Multiflorae have branched clusters (as do the previous two sections Heleoglochin and Vulpinae). They have corrugated sheaths, needle-tipped scales, and oval perigynia.[3]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Vignea sect. Multiflorae
Genus Carexsect. Multiflorae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Michx.

1803. Carex vulpinoidea Michx. in Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2:169
1805. Carex multiflora Muhl. ex Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:243
1825. Carex setacea Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 9:61
1840. Vignea setacea (Dewey) Raf. in Good Book: 27
1843. Carex vaginiformis Tuck. in Enum. Meth. Caric.:9
1980. Vignea vulpinoidea (Michx.) Soják in Čas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Přír. 148:197

Fox sedge
Common fox sedge
American fox-sedge
Brown fox sedge
Native, CoC: 2,
Secure

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 7,
2n = 52

NYFA: 60 counties
iNat: 34 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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(E.P. Bicknell) E.P. Bicknell

1896. Carex xanthocarpa var. annectens E.P.Bicknell in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 23: 22
1908. Carex annectens (E.P. Bicknell) E.P. Bicknell in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 35:492
1909. Carex vulpinoidea f. annectens (E.P.Bicknell) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler, Pflanzenr.
1910. Carex bicknellii E.G.Camus in Notul. Syst. (Paris) 1:239, nom. illeg.
1922. Carex annectens var. xanthocarpa (Kük.) Wiegand in Rhodora 24:74
1923. Carex brachyglossa Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 50:355
1923. Carex vulpinoidea var. annectens (E.P.Bicknell) Farw. in Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 1:91
1952. Carex vulpinoidea var. ambigua (Barratt) Gleason in Phytologia 4:22

Yellow-fruited sedge
Yellowfruit sedge
Yellow fox sedge
Small yellow fox sedge
Carex à gaine tronguée
Native, CoC: 1,
Secure,
S5, G5

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 7

NYFA: 45 counties
iNat: 13 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Carex sect. Multiflorae[1][2] Flowering stem length Inflorescence length Perigynia mature color Perigynia shape Perigynia deimensions Beak length
Carex vulpinoidea shorter than leaves 6-10 cm dull yellow-green or pale brown, not red-dotted ovate or elliptic, base obtuse 2–3.2 × 1.3–1.8 mm 1/3-1/2 x body
Carex annectens longer than leaves 4-7 cm golden yellow or yellowish-brown, not red-dotted broadly elliptic to ovate 2.2–3 × 1.5–2.2 mm ≤ 1/3 x body

Subg. Vignea > Annectens Clade >> sect. Phaestoglochin

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Carex cephaloidea
V.E.2. Annectens Clade contains 10 of the 38 traditional sect. Phaestoglochin species globally. The Global Carex Group (2021) placed the New York sedges of sect. Phaestoglochin into three separate clades:[1]
  • V.E.1. Carex sect. Phaestoglochin: Carex spicata
  • V.E.2. Annectens Clade: C. aggregata, C. cephaloidea, C. cephalophora, C. gravida, C. leavenworthii, C. mesochorea, C. muehlenbergii, C. sparganioides
  • V.G.5. Rosea Clade: C. appalachica, C. radiata, C. retroflexa, C. rosea, C. texensis

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Phaestoglochin contains about 27 (38) species worldwide, 25 of which are found in North America North of Mexico.[2]

Sedges of section Phaestoglochin are upland species with compressed, sharp-edged oval perigynia. Male flowers appear at the top of the spikelets.


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Vignea sect. Phaestoglochin
Genus Carexsect. Phaestoglochin Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Muhl. ex Willd.

1805. Carex cephalophora Muhl. ex Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:220
1830. Vignea cephalophora (Muhl. ex Willd.) Rchb. in J.C.Mössler
1840. Diemisa cephalophora (Muhl. ex Willd.) Raf. in Good Book: 27
1842. Carex cephalophora var. maxima Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 43:92
1921. Carex cephalophora var. bracteosa Farw. in Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 22:180
1923. Carex cephalophora var. anomala Farw. in Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 1:90

Oval-headed sedge
Oval-leaf sedge
Carex porte-tête
Native, CoC: 5,
Secure,
S5, G5

FACU

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 5,
2n = 48

NYFA: 45 counties
iNat: 9 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Muhl. ex Willd.

1805. Carex sparganioides Muhl. ex Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed.4. 4:237
1845. Carex sparganioides var. ramea Dewey in Class-book Bot.: 415
1923. Carex sparganioides var. lutea Farw. in Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci.

Bur-reed sedge
Carex faux-rubanier
Native, CoC: 6,
Secure,
S5, G5

FACU

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 4,
2n = 46, 48

NYFA: 44 counties
iNat: 9 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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(Dewey) Dewey

1826. Carex muricata var. cephaloidea Dewey in Amer. J. Bot. 11:308
1848. Carex sparganioides var. cephaloidea (Dewey) J.Carey in A.Gray, Manual: 513
1862. Carex cephaloidea (Dewey) Dewey in Ill. Gen. Carex 3:123
1862. Carex sparganioides var. minor Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 3:123

Thin-leaf sedge
Cluster-headed sedge
Cluster-bracted sedge
Thin-leaved sedge
Thinleaf sedge
Carex céphaloïde
Native, CoC: 4,
Secure,
S5

FACU-FAC

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 4,
2n = 50

NYFA: 30 counties
iNat: 2 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Schkuhr ex Willd.
 var. muehlenbergii

1805. Carex muehlenbergii Schkuhr ex Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed.4. 4:231
1837. Carex pinetorum Willd. ex Kunth in Enum. Pl. 2:381
1840. Vignea muhlenbergii (Schkuhr ex Willd.) Raf. in Good Book: 27
1862. Carex piniaria Bosc ex Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 3:124

Muhlenberg's sedge Native, CoC: 7,
Likely secure,
S4-S5, G5-T5

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 6

NYFA: 23 counties
iNat: Queens County
GBIF: present in NY

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Schkuhr ex Willd.
 var. enervis Boott

1862. Carex muehlenbergii var. enervis Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 3:124
1915. Carex onusta Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 42:618
1923. Carex plana Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 50:350

Nerveless Muhlenberg's sedge
Muhlenberg's veinless sedge
Muhlenberg's sedge
Carex à utricule lisse
Native, CoC: 7,
Rare,
DEC-C[1],
S3, G5-T5

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 6

NYFA: 14 counties
iNat: Bronx, Suffolk
GBIF: present in NY

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Dewey

1846. Carex leavenworthii Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2, 2:246
1862. Carex cephalophora var. angustifolia Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 3:123
1909. Carex cephalophora var. leavenworthii (Dewey) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.)

Leavenworth's sedge Unk nativity,
Unranked

FACU

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 7

NYFA: Onondaga (1996)
iNat: Onondaga (1988)
GBIF: Onondaga, Tompkins

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Mack.

1906. Carex mediterranea Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33:441, nom. illeg.
1910. Carex mesochorea Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 37:246
1952. Carex cephalophora var. mesochorea (Mack.) Gleason in Phytologia 4:22

Midland sedge
Midland bracted sedge
Carex de l'arrière-pays
Native, CoC: 3,
Threatened,
DEC-B[2],
S2, G4-G5,
NYNHP: S2[3]

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 6 counties
iNat: Nassau, Onondaga
GBIF: present in NY

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Note: [4]
Mack.

1906. Carex agglomerata Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33:442, nom. illeg.
1910. Carex aggregata Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 37:246
1952. Carex sparganioides var. aggregata (Mack.) Gleason in Phytologia 4:22

Glomerate sedge
Smooth clustered sedge
Crowded sedge
Carex aggloméré
Native,
Endangered,
DEC-A[5],
NYNHP: S2[6]

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 9 counties
iNat: Monroe, Onondaga
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Vignea > Annectens Clade >> sect. Divisae

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Carex praegracilis
V.E.2. Annectens Clade contains 6 of the 16 traditional sect. Divisae species worldwide, including Carex praegracilis, the only New York species of sect. Divisae.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Divisae contains about 14 (16) species worldwide, 6 of which are found in North America North of Mexico. All of these are native to western North America, but Carex praegracilis has been spreading eastward along highways treated with road salt and is known to naturalize in New York.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Vignea sect. Divisae
Genus Carexsect. Divisae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
W.Boott

1839. Carex marcida Boott in W.J.Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2:212, nom. illeg.
1884. Carex praegracilis W.Boott in Bot. Gaz. 9:87
1886. Carex gayana var. hyalina L.H.Bailey in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 22: 135
1890. Carex sartwellii var. occidentalis L.H.Bailey in J.Macoun
1907. Carex latebrosa Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 603 (1908)
1908. Carex alterna (L.H.Bailey) C.B.Clarke in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew, Addit.
1910. Carex camporum Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 37:244

Clustered field sedge
Freeway sedge
Black creeper sedge
Field sedge
Expressway sedge
Very slender sedge
Carex très grêle
Introduced from
 western North America,
N. America native,
Naturalized,
SNA

FACW

Perennial,
Herb,
Heliophily: 9

NYFA: 4 counties
iNat: Oswego (1988)
GBIF: Ontario, Oswego

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Subg. Vignea > sect. Physoglochin

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Carex alascana
V.E.4. Carex sect. Physoglochin Dumort., Fl. Belg. 145. 1827.

Contains all 5 of the traditional sect. Physoglochin species globally, including New York's Carex alascana (syn. Carex gynocrates var. substaminata Peck)[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Physoglochin contains 4-6 (5) species worldwide, 2 of which (C. gynocrates and C. parallela) are found in North America North of Mexico.[2] Of these, only Carex gynocrates (northern bog sedge) has been found in New York State, where it is listed as Endangered.

POWO (2023) treats Carex gynocrates Wormsk. ex Drejer as a synonym of Carex nardina (Hornem.) Fr.[3] (which is in subg. Euthyceras above.), but Carex gynocrates var substaminata Peck as a synonym of Carex alascana.[4] See discussion of name change at iNaturalist.


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Vignea sect. Physoglochin
Genus Carexsect. Physoglochin Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Boeckeler

1841. Carex gynocrates Wormsk. ex Drejer misapplied (syn. of Carex nardina)
1885. Carex alascana Boeckeler in Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 7:277
1896. Carex gynocrates var. substaminata Peck in Rep. Regents Univ. NYS Mus.
1897. Carex gymnocrates var. substaminata Peck ex Howe in Rep. NYS Mus. Nat. Hist.
1965. Carex cobresiiformis A.I.Baranov & Skvortsov in Quart. J. Taiwan Mus. 18:224

Northern bog sedge
Carex à côtes
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1],
NYNHP-1[2],
S1, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 8,
2n = 46, 48

NYFA: 8 counties
iNat: 3 counties
GBIF: 3 counties

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Subg. Vignea > sect. Macrocephalae

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Carex kobomugi Ohwi at Futtsu city, Chiba Japan
V.G.3. Carex sect. Macrocephalae Kük., in H.G.A.Engler, Pflanzenr. 20[IV,38]: 186. 1909.

Contains both species (Carex kobomugi and C. macrocephala) of traditional section Macrocephalae.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Macrocephalae contains 2 species worldwide, both of which are found in North America North of Mexico.[2]

Although neither of these Carex sect. Macrocephalae species are listed as naturalized in New York, Carex kobomugi was found in the Great Kills and Miller Field areas of Gateway National Recreation Area on Staten Island on Oct. 31, 2013.[3]

Carex macrocephala has been reported on the coastal dunes of New Jersey, where Carex kobomugi is already common.[4]

Carex kobomugi has also been found on sandy beaches in Rhode Island and in Massachusetts, where it has been listed as prohibited.[5]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Vignea sect. Macrocephalae
Genus Carexsect. Macrocephalae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Ohwi.

1865. Carex macrocephala var. longibracteata Oliv. in J. Linn. Soc., Bot.
1930. Carex kobomugi Ohwi in Mem. Coll. Sci. Kyoto Imp. Univ. Ser. B, Biol.
1931. Carex macrocephala var. kobomugi Miyabe & Kudô in J. Fac. Agric.
1940. Carex macrocephala f. kobomugi (Ohwi) Makino in Ill. Fl. Nippon: 738
1979. Vignea kobomugi (Ohwi) Soják in Čas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Přír. 148:195

Asian sand sedge
Asiatic sand sedge
Japanese beach sedge
Japanese sand sedge
Japanese sedge
Sea Isle Japanese sedge
Sea Isle sedge
Introduced from
 E & SE Asia,
Moderately invasive,
NYIS: 69%[1]

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 9,
2n = 84

NYFA: Queens (2012)
iNat: Queens, Richmond, Suffolk
GBIF: Long Island

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Willd. ex Spreng.

1826. Carex macrocephala Willd. ex Spreng.
1828. Carex anthericoides J.Presl & C.Presl
1900. Carex macrocephala var. bracteata Holm
1942. Carex macrocephala ssp. anthericoides Hultén
1979. Vignea macrocephala Soják

Largehead sedge
Large-headed sedge
Big-headed sedge
Carex à grosses têtes
Introduced from
 northeast Asia,
 northwest N.A.,
Moderately invasive,
NYIS: 69%[1]

NYFA: 0
iNat: No NY observations

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Subg. Vignea > Rosea Clade

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Carex rosea
V.G.5. Rosea Clade contains 6 of the 38 species of traditional section Phaestoglochin.

The Global Carex Group (2021) divided the New York sedges of sect. Phaestoglochin into the three separate clades within subg. Vignea. The five eastern North American species C. appalachica, C. radiata, C. retroflexa, C. rosea, C. texensis were placed in Rosea Clade (V.G.5). The remainder were placed in sect. Phaestoglochin (V.E.1) and Annectens Clade (V.E.2). [1]

The traditional Carex section Phaestoglochin contains about 27 (38) species worldwide, 25 of which are found in North America North of Mexico.[2][3]

Sedges of section Phaestoglochin are upland species with compressed, sharp-edged oval perigynia. Male flowers appear at the top of the spikelets.


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Vignea — clade Rosea
Genus Carexfna-sect. Phaestoglochin Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Willd.

1805. Carex rosea Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4: 237
1830. Vignea rosea (Willd.) Rchb. in J.C.Mössler, Handb. Gewächsk.
1840. Diemisa rosea (Willd.) Raf. in Good Book: 27
1843. Carex neglecta Tuck. in Enum. Meth. Caric.: 19, nom. illeg.
1855. Carex flaccidula Steud. in Syn. Pl. Glumac. 2:199
1916. Carex convoluta Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 43:428

Rosy sedge
Common upland star sedge
Carex en rosace
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5, G5

FACU

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 3,
2n = 52

NYFA: 59 counties
iNat: 14 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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(Wahlenb.) Small

1803. Carex stellulata ssp. radiata Wahlenb. in Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya
1803. Carex stellulata var. radiata Wahlenb. in Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya
1826. Carex rosea var. radiata (Wahlenb.) Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts
1860. Carex rosea var. minor Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 2: 81
1888. Carex echinata var. radiata (Wahlenb.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.
1903. Carex radiata (Wahlenb.) Small in Fl. S.E. U.S.:218
1979. Carex sylvicola J.M.Webber & P.W.Ball in Taxon 28:613

Eastern star sedge
Narrow-leaved upland star sedge
Bracted sedge
Stellate sedge
Straight-styled wood sedge
Carex rayonnant
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5, G4

FAC

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 3,
2n = 58

NYFA: 54 counties
iNat: 12 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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J.M.Webber & P.W.Ball

1979. Carex appalachica J.M.Webber & P.W.Ball

Appalachian sedge
Carex des Appalaches
Native, CoC: 6,
Secure,
S5, G4

FAC

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 4,
2n = 52

NYFA: 40 counties
iNat: 5 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Muhl. ex Willd.

1805. Carex retroflexa Muhl. ex Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:235
1830. Vignea retroflexa (Muhl. ex Willd.) Rchb. in J.C.Mössler, Handb.
1836. Carex rosea var. retroflexa (Muhl. ex Willd.) Torr. in Ann. Lyceum
1840. Diemisa retroflexa (Muhl. ex Willd.) Raf. in Good Book: 27

Reflexed sedge
Carex rétroflexe
Native, CoC: 7,
Threatened,
DEC-B[1],
S4, G5,
NYNHP: S4[2]

FACU

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 5,
2n = 40

NYFA: 22 counties
iNat: Livingston, Warren, Westchester
GBIF: present in NY

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(Torr. ex L.H.Bailey) L.H.Bailey

1889. Carex rosea var. texensis Torr. ex L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club
1894. Carex texensis (Torr. ex L.H.Bailey) L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club
1909. Carex retroflexa var. texensis (Torr. ex L.H.Bailey) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler

Texas Sedge
Carex du Texas
Introduced,
N. America native,
Naturalized,
SNA

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 8

NYFA: Onondaga 1988-99
iNat: Onondaga
GBIF: Onondaga 2020

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Subg. Vignea > sect. Dispermae

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Carex disperma
V.H.1. Carex sect. Dispermae Ohwi, Mem. Coll. Sci. Kyoto Imp. Univ., Ser. B, Biol. 11: 237. 1936.

Contains the only species of traditional section Dispermae (Carex disperma).[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Dispermae contains the sole species Carex disperma (soft-leaved sedge) which is native to North America, including New York.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Vignea sect. Dispermae
Genus Carexsect. Dispermae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Dewey

1801. Carex tenella Schkuhr in Beschr. Riedgräs., nom. illeg. not Thuill.
1824. Carex disperma Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 8: 266
1840. Vignea disperma (Dewey) Raf. in Good Book: 27
1844. Carex blyttii F.Nyl. in Spic. Pl. Fenn. 2:35
1847. Carex gracilis A.Gray in Amer. J. Sci. Arts, nom. illeg.

Soft-leaved sedge
Softleaf sedge
Two-seeded sedge
Two-seeded bog sedge
Short-leaved sedge
Carex disperme
Native, CoC: 10,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL-FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Shade,
2n = 70

NYFA: 40 counties
iNat: 9 counties

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Subg. Vignea > Disticha Clade

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Carex siccata
V.H.2. Disticha Clade contains parts of traditional sections Ammoglochin (2/17), Foetidae (9/17), Holarrhenae (10/11), Phaestoglochin (4/38), Divisae (1/15).[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Ammoglochin contains about 14 (17) species worldwide, 2 of which are found in North America North of Mexico. New York native Carex siccata is included.[2]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Holarrhenae contains about 11 species worldwide, 2 of which are found in North America North of Mexico. New York native Carex sartwellii is included.[3]

Sartwell's sedge (Carex sartwellii) is common in the midwest, endangered in New York, but not found in New England.[4][5]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Vignea — clade Disticha
Genus Carexfna-sect. Ammoglochin Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Dewey
 var. siccata

1826. Carex siccata Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 10:27
1840. Vignea siccata (Dewey) Raf. in Good Book: 27
1848. Carex liddonii J.Carey in A.Gray, Manual: 545, nom. illeg.
1884. Carex adusta var. argyrantha L.H.Bailey in Carex Cat.: 2
1884. Carex adusta var. sparsiflora L.H.Bailey in Carex Cat.: 2
1886. Carex albolutescens var. argyrantha (L.H.Bailey) Olney ex L.H.Bailey in Proc. AAA
1894. Carex foenea var. sparsiflora Howe in Rep. (Annual) Regents Univ. NYS
1968. Carex foenea var. tuberculata F.J.Herm. in Rhodora 70:419

Dry-spike sedge
Dry-spiked sedge
Dryspike sedge
Dry land sedge
Dry sedge
Hay sedge
Silver-top sedge
Carex sec
Native, CoC: 8,
Secure,
S5, G5

UPL-FACU

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 70

NYFA: 30 counties
iNat: Albany, Warren
GBIF

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Genus Carexfna-sect. Holarrhenae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Dewey
 var. sartwellii

1842. Carex sartwellii Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 43:90
1866. Carex disticha var. sartwellii (Dewey) Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2, 41:330
1867. Carex disticha A.Gray in Manual, ed. 5: 574, nom. illeg.

Sartwell's sedge
Carex de Sartwell
Native, CoC: 9,
Endangered,
NYNHP-1[1],
DEC-A[2],
S1-S2, G4-G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 8 counties
iNat: Monroe, Seneca, St. Lawrence

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Subg. Vignea > sect. Chordorrhizae

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Carex chordorrhiza
V.H.3. Carex sect. Chordorrhizae (Heuffel) Meinsh., Trudy Imp. S.-Petersburgsk. Bot. Sada 18: 2. 1901.

Contains both species of traditional section Chordorrhizae, including threatened New York Species Carex chordorrhiza and Asian Carex pseudocuraica.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Chordorrhizae contains about 2 species worldwide, one of which (Carex chordorrhiza) is found in North America and native to New York.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Vignea sect. Chordorrhizae
Genus Carexsect. Chordorrhizae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.f.

1782. Carex chordorrhiza L.f. in Suppl. Pl.: 414
1811. Carex funiformis Clairv. in Man. Herbor. Suisse: 287
1830. Vignea chordorrhiza (L.f.) Rchb. in J.C.Mössler, Handb. Gewächsk.
1836. Carex fulvicoma Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 29:249
1838. Carex fischeriana J.Gay in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 10:286
1848. Carex teretiuscula Willk. in Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 6:414, nom. illeg.
1857. Carex chordorrhiza var. sphagnicola Laest. ex Th.Fr. in Bot. Not.
1877. Carex chordorrhiza var. genuina Trautv. in Trudy Imp., not validly publ.
1889. Caricina chordorrhiza (L.f.) St.-Lag. in A.Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8, 2:874
1902. Carex chordorrhiza var. aestivalis Asch. & Graebn. in Syn. Mitteleur. Fl.

Creeping sedge
Cord-root sedge
Prostrate sedge
Rope-root sedge
Carex à long rhizome
Carex à longs stolons
Carex à longs rhizomes
Laiche à longs rhizomes
Native, CoC: 9,
Threatened,
DEC-B[1],
NYNHP-2-3[2],
S2-S3

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 14 counties
iNat: 5 counties

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Subg. Vignea > sect. Cyperoideae

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V.I. Carex sect. Cyperoideae G.Don, in J.C.Loudon, Hort. Brit. 376. 1830.

This section contains traditional sections Ovales (91/92) and Ammoglochin (2/17). The Global Carex Group finds that Cyperoideae has priority as the name of sect. Ovales.[1]

Flora of North America (FNA) currently describes both sect. Cyperoideae (with one North American sedge)[2] and sect. Ovales (with 72 North American sedges).[3]


Subg. Vignea > sect. Cyperoideae >> sect. Cyperoideae

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Carex sychnocephala
V.I. Carex sect. Cyperoideae

Note that the GCG-21 appendix listed Carex sychnocephala as part of traditional sect. Ovales,[1] while FNA currently places it alone as the only North American sedge in (2-species) sect. Cyperoideae.

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Cyperoideae contains about 2 (0) species worldwide, one of which (Carex sychnocephala) is found in North America North of Mexico. including in New York State, where it is listed as Endangered.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Vignea sect. Cyperoideae
Genus Carexfna-sect. Cyperoideae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
J.Carey

1847. Carex sychnocephala J.Carey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2, 10:24

Many-headed sedge
Manyhead sedge
Dense long-beaked sedge
Long-beaked sedge
Carex compact
Carex à fruits poilus
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1],
NYNHP-1 [2]

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 4 counties
GBIF

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Subg. Vignea > sect. Cyperoideae >> sect. Ovales

[edit | edit source]
V.I. Carex sect. Cyperoideae contains 91 of the 92 species of traditional sect. Ovales worldwide.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Ovales contains about 88 (92) species worldwide, 72 of which are found in North America North of Mexico, making Ovales the largest traditional Carex section in North America. Only a few species of this section are native to other continents. About 26 sect. Ovales species are found in New York State.[2]


Subg. Vignea > sect. Cyperoideae >> sect. Ovales "Festucaceae"
[edit | edit source]
Carex festucacea
K.K.Mackenzie’s (1940) "Festucaceae" group of traditional section Ovales has been characterized by[1]
  1. perigynium beak cross-section: flat,
  2. perigynium body shape in outline: ovate,
  3. pistillate scale: short,
  4. lowest bract of the entire inflorescence: short,
  5. vegetative culm: short,
  6. inner face of the leaf sheath: hyaline.

Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Vignea sect. Cyperoideae
Genus Carexfna-sect. Ovales "Festucaceae" Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Schkuhr ex Willd.

1803. Carex leporina Michx. in Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2:170, nom. illeg.
1805. Carex scoparia Schkuhr ex Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:230
1830. Vignea scoparia (Schkuhr ex Willd.) Rchb. in J.C.Mössler
1837. Carex ovalis Willd. ex Kunth in Enum. Pl. 2:397, nom. illeg.
1840. Loncoperis scoparia (Schkuhr ex Willd.) Raf. in Good Book: 27
1875. Carex lagopodioides var. scoparia Boeckeler in Linnaea 39:114
1896. Carex tribuloides var. moniliformis (Tuck.) Britton in Ill. Fl. N.U.S. 1:356

Pointed broom sedge
Broom sedge
Lance-fruited oval sedge
Swamp sedge
Carex à balais
Native, CoC: 1,
Secure,
S5

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 6,
2n = 56, 58, 60, 68

NYFA: 59 counties
iNat: 17 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Mack.

1836. Carex mirabilis Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 30:63, nom. illeg.
1843. Carex straminea var. mirabilis Tuck. in Enum. Meth. Caric.:18
1848. Carex festucacea var. mirabilis (Tuck.) J.Carey in A.Gray, Manual:545
1867. Carex cristata var. mirabilis (Tuck.) A.Gray in Manual, ed. 5:580
1902. Carex mirabilis var. perlonga Fernald in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 37:473
1919. Carex normalis Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 37:244
1919. Carex normalis var. perlonga (Fernald) Burnham in Torreya 19:131
1942. Carex normalis f. perlonga (Fernald) Fernald in Rhodora 44:285

Greater straw sedge
Larger straw sedge
Large straw sedge
Carex normal
Native, CoC: 1,
Secure,
S5, G5

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 68

NYFA: 47 counties
iNat: 4 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Dewey

1824. Carex tenera Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 8:97
1840. Diemisa tenera (Dewey) Raf. in Good Book: 27
1863. Carex mirabilis var. tenera (Dewey) Prov. in Fl. Canad. 2:648
1871. Carex tenera var. major Olney in Car. Bor. Am.: 3
1885. Carex straminea var. tenera (Dewey) L.H.Bailey in Bot. Gaz. 10:381

Delicate quill sedge
Slender sedge
Quill sedge
Tender sedge
Broad-fruited sedge
Carex tendre
Carex faible
Native, CoC: 2,
Secure,
S5

FAC

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 52, 54, 56

NYFA: 48 counties
iNat: 4 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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(Fernald) P.E.Rothr., Reznicek & Hipp

1902. Carex straminea var. echinodes Fernald in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 37:474
1909. Carex straminea f. echinodes (Fernald) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler 20(38):206
1923. Carex festucacea var. echinodes (Fernald) Farw. in Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci.
1924. Carex tenera var. echinodes (Fernald) Wiegand in Rhodora 26:2
2009. Carex echinodes (Fernald) P.E.Rothr., Reznicek & Hipp in Syst. Bot. 34:304

Prickly quill sedge
Bristly nodding sedge
Bristly sedge
Quill sedge
Marsh straw sedge
Carex épineux
Native, CoC: 5,
Endangered,
S1, G5

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 52, 54, 56

NYFA: 3 counties
iNat: 2 counties?
GBIF: present in NY

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(L.H.Bailey) Olney ex Fernald

1889. Carex tribuloides var. bebbii L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 1: 55
1902. Carex bebbii (L.H.Bailey) Olney ex Fernald in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 37:478

Bebb's sedge
Bebb sedge
Bebb's oval sedge
Carex de Bebb
Native, CoC: 5,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 68, 70

NYFA: 37 counties
iNat: St. Lawrence
GBIF: present in NY

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(Dewey) Mack. ex Lunell

1826. Carex straminea var. brevior Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 11:158
1902. Carex festucacea var. brevior (Dewey) Fernald in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts
1915. Carex brevior (Dewey) Mack. ex Lunell in Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4:235

Short-beaked sedge
Shortbeak sedge
Round-fruited sedge
Fescue sedge
Brevior sedge
Plains oval sedge
Shorter sedge
Carex à têtes
Carex à têtes courtes
Native, CoC: 5,
Secure,
S5, G5?

FAC

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n=48,52,56,60,64,68

NYFA: 30 counties
iNat: 5 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Fernald

1862. Carex scoparia var. minor Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 3:116
1902. Carex crawfordii Fernald in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 37:469
1902. Carex crawfordii var. vigens Fernald in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 37:470
1909. Carex crawfordii f. vigens (Fernald) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr.

Crawford's sedge
Crawford's oval sedge
Carex de Crawford
Laîche de Crawford
Native, CoC: 4,
Likely secure,
S4, G5

FACW-FAC

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 52, ca. 66, 70

NYFA: 23 counties
iNat: Chautauqua, Warren
GBIF: present in NY

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Willd.

1805. Carex festucacea Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:242
1830. Vignea festucacea (Willd.) Rchb. in J.C.Mössler, Handb. Gewächsk.
1838. Carex straminea var. festucacea (Willd.) Gay in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot.

Fescue sedge
Fescue oval sedge
Carex fausse-fétuque
Native, CoC: 3,
Likely secure,
S4, G5

FAC

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 68, 70

NYFA: 16 counties
iNat: Jefferson County
GBIF: present in NY

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Britton & A.Br.

1862. Carex straminea var. crawei Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 3:21
1896. Carex bicknellii Britton & A.Br. in Ill. Fl. N. U.S. 1:360
1992. Carex brevior var. crawei (Boott) B.Boivin in Provancheria 25:127

Bicknell'S Sedge
Copper-shoulder oval sedge
Carex de Bicknell
Native, CoC: 5,
Rare,
DEC-C[1],
S3, G5

FAC

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 76, 78

NYFA: 11 counties
iNat: No RG NY observations
GBIF: present in NY

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Mack.

1922. Carex merritt-fernaldii Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 49:370. 1923
1923. Carex brevior var. pseudofestucacea Farw. in Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 1924

Fernald's sedge
Fernald's oval sedge
Merritt Fernald's sedge
Carex de Fernald
Native, CoC: 5,
Threatened,
DEC-B[2],
S2-S3, G5

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 70, 74

NYFA: 12 counties
iNat: St. Lawrence county
GBIF: present in NY

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Mack.

1931. Carex molesta Mack. in N.L.Britton & al. N. Amer. Fl. 18:151
1940. Carex brevior var. molesta (Mack.) F.C.Gates in Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci.

Troublesome sedge
Field oval sedge
Carex dérangeant
Native, CoC: 5,
Threatened,
DEC-B[2],
S4, G4

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 68, 70

NYFA: 20 counties
iNat: Erie Jeff Niag Onon
GBIF: present in NY

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(Fernald) Fernald

1902. Carex mirabilis var. tincta Fernald in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 37:473
1913. Carex tincta (Fernald) Fernald in Rhodora 15: 186
1924. Carex normalis var. tincta (Fernald) House in Bull. NYS Mus. Nat. Hist.

Tinged sedge
Colored sedge
Carex coloré
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
DEC-A[3],
SH, G4-G5

Perennial,
Graminoid,
n = 36+IV

NYFA: Dutc Rens
iNat: No NY observations
GBIF: None in NY

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Subg. Vignea > sect. Cyperoideae >> sect. Ovales "Tribuloideae"
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Carex tribuloides
K.K.Mackenzie’s (1940) "Tribuloideae" group of traditional section Ovales has been characterized by[1]
  1. perigynium beak cross-section: flat,
  2. perigynium body shape in outline: ovate,
  3. pistillate scale: short,
  4. lowest bract of the entire inflorescence: short,
  5. vegetative culm: long, leafy,
  6. inner face of the leaf sheath: green.

Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Vignea sect. Cyperoideae
Genus Carexfna-sect. Ovales "Tribuloideae" Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Wahlenb.
 var. tribuloides

1803. Carex richardii Michx. in Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 170, nom. illeg.
1803. Carex tribuloides Wahlenb. in Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 24:145
1805. Carex lagopodioides Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4: 230
1830. Vignea lagopodioides (Willd.) Rchb. in J.C.Mössler, Handb. Gewächsk.
1836. Carex scoparia var. lagopodioides (Willd.) Torr. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. NY
1885. Carex lagopodioides var. moniliformis Olney ex L.H.Bailey in Bot. Gaz
1886. Carex tribuloides var. reducta L.H.Bailey in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts
1889. Carex tribuloides var. turbata L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club
1893. Carex tribuloides f. aggregata Peck in Rep. (Annual) Regents Univ. NYS Mus
1909. Carex cristata var. reducta (L.H.Bailey) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.) Pflanzenr.

Blunt broom sedge
Awl-fruited oval sedge
Carex tribuloïde
Native, CoC: 4,
Secure,
S5, G5

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 5,
2n = 70

NYFA: 49 counties
iNat: 7 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Mack.

1908. Carex projecta Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club

Necklace sedge
Loose-headed oval sedge
Projecting sedge
Carex à bec étalé
Native, CoC: 4,
Secure,
S5

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 5,
2n = 64

NYFA: 45 counties
iNat: 6 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Britton

1824. Carex cristata Schwein. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. NY, nom. illeg.
1843. Carex straminea var. cristata Tuck. in Enum. Meth. Caric.: 18
1886. Carex tribuloides var. cristata (Tuck.) L.H.Bailey in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts
1896. Carex cristatella Britton in N.L.Britton & A.Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S.
1921. Carex cristata f. ellipsoidalis Farw. in Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci.
1923. Carex cristata var. catelliformis Farw. in Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 1924
1942. Carex cristatella f. catelliformis (Farw.) Fernald in Rhodora 44: 284

Crested sedge
Crested oval sedge
Carex accrêté
Native, CoC: 4,
Secure,
S5, G5

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 8,
2n = 70

NYFA: 40 counties
iNat: 8 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Schweinitz

1824. Carex muskingumensis Schwein. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. NY
1826. Carex arida Schwein. & Torr. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. NY
1836. Carex scoparia Torr. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. NY
1843. Carex scoparia var. muskingumensis (Schwein.) Tuck. in Enum. Meth. Caric
1913. Thysanocarex muskingumensis (Schwein.) Fedde & J.Schust. in Just's 1918
1979. Vignea muskingumensis (Schwein.) Soják in Čas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Přír.

Muskingum sedge
Swamp oval sedge
Palm sedge
Carex de la rivière Muskingum
Introduced from
 MI-OH-AR-MN,
Midwest native,
SNA

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 5

NYFA: Bronx, New York
iNat: 5 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Vignea > sect. Cyperoideae >> sect. Ovales "Alatae"
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Carex alata
K.K.Mackenzie’s (1940) "Alatae" group of traditional section Ovales has been characterized by[1]
  1. perigynium beak cross-section: flat,
  2. perigynium body shape in outline: obovate,
  3. pistillate scale: short,
  4. lowest bract of the entire inflorescence: short,
  5. vegetative culm: short,
  6. inner face of the leaf sheath: green.

Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Vignea sect. Cyperoideae
Genus Carexfna-sect. Ovales "Alatae" Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Torr.

1836. Carex alata Torr. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. NY
1840. Kolerma alata (Torr.) Raf. in Good Book
1871. Carex alata var. pulchra Olney in Car. Bor. Am.
1875. Carex straminea var. alata (Torr.) Boeckeler in Linnaea
1909. Carex albolutescens var. alata (Torr.) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr.

Broadwing sedge
Broad-winged sedge
Winged oval sedge
Carex ailé
Native, CoC: 9,
Likely secure,
S4, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 74.

NYFA: 18 counties
iNat: Monroe (2020)
GBIF: present in NY

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Schwein.

1828. Carex albolutescens Schwein. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York
1836. Carex straminea var. foenea Torr. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York
1836. Carex foenea Muhl. ex Torr. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York, nom. illeg.
1838. Carex straminea var. intermedia J.Gay in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2
1867. Carex foenea var. ferruginea A.Gray in Manual, ed. 5
1872. Carex albolutescens var. brunnea Olney ex A.Gray in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts
1872. Carex albolutescens var. sparsiflora Olney ex A.Gray in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts
1902. Carex alata var. ferruginea (A.Gray) Fernald in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts
1909. Carex albolutescens var. ferruginea (A.Gray) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler

Greenish-white sedge
Green-white sedge
Greenwhite sedge
Native, CoC: 7,
Unranked,
SNR, G5

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 66

NYFA: 6 counties
iNat: Rockland, Suffolk
GBIF: present in NY

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Mack.

1922. Carex longii Mack. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club
1850. Carex leporina var. bracteata Liebm. in Mexic. Halvgr

Long's sedge
Round-shouldered oval sedge
Green-and-white Sedge
Carex de Long
Native, CoC: 5,
Unranked,
SNR, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 58, 62

NYFA: 7 counties
iNat: 5 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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(L.H.Bailey) Mack.

1883. Carex albolutescens var. cumulata (L.H.Bailey) L.H.Bailey in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club
1889. Carex straminea var. cumulata L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club
1942. Carex cumulata f. soluta Fernald in Rhodora
1922. Carex cumulata (L.H.Bailey) Mack. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club (1923)

Clustered sedge
Crowded oval sedge
Accumulating sedge
Dense sedge
Carex dense
Native, CoC: 6,
Threatened,
DEC-B[1],
S2-S3, G4-G5,
NYNHP: S2S3[2]

FACU

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 36, 38

NYFA: 2-3
iNat: Cllinton, Dutchess, Ulster
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Vignea > sect. Cyperoideae >> sect. Ovales "Fetae"
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Carex hormathodes
K.K.Mackenzie’s (1940) "Fetae" group of traditional section Ovales has been characterized by[1]
  1. perigynium beak cross-section: terete,
  2. perigynium body shape in outline: ovate,
  3. pistillate scale: short,
  4. lowest bract of the entire inflorescence: short,
  5. vegetative culm: short,
  6. inner face of the leaf sheath: green.

Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Vignea sect. Cyperoideae
Genus Carexfna-sect. Ovales "Fetae" Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Olney

1843. Carex straminea var. moniliformis Tuck. in Enum. Meth. Caric.
1862. Carex adusta J.Carey ex Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex
1867. Carex foenea var. sabulonum A.Gray in Manual
1868. Carex silicea Olney in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts
1879. Carex moniliformis Britton in Geol. Surv. New Jersey
1884. Carex straminea var. silicea (Olney) L.H.Bailey in Carex Cat

Sea-beach sedge
Seabeach sedge
Beach sedge
Carex silicicole
Native,
Likely secure

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 74, 76

NYFA: 5 counties
iNat: 4 counties
GBIF: 7 counties

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Fernald

1862. Carex straminea var. aperta Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex
1884. Carex straminea var. indivisa W.Boott in Bot. Gaz.
1896. Carex straminea f. indivisa (W.Boott) Britton in N.L.Britton & A.Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S.
1906. Carex hormathodes Fernald in Rhodora 8:165
1906. Carex hormathodes var. invisa (W.Boott) Fernald in Rhodora
1942. Carex hormathodes f. invisa (W.Boott) Fernald in Rhodora

Marsh straw sedge
Carex moniliforme
Native, CoC: 9,
Threatened,
DEC-B[1],
S2-S3, G4-G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 74

NYFA: 2-3
iNat: 3 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Willd. ex Schkuhr

1801. Carex straminea Willd. ex Schkuhr in Beschr. Riedgräs
1840. Vignea straminea (Willd. ex Schkuhr) Raf. in Good Book
1848. Carex festucacea var. tenera J.Carey in A.Gray, Manual
1880. Carex scoparia var. fulva W.Boott in S.Watson & al., Bot. California
1880. Carex cristata var. mirabilis W.Boott in S.Watson & al., Bot. California, nom. illeg.
1888. Carex straminea var. typica Macoun in Cat. Canad. Pl, not validly publ.
1902. Carex tenera var. richii Fernald in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts
1922. Carex richii (Fernald) Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club

Eastern straw sedge
Straw sedge
Native,
Endangered,
DEC-A[2]

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 74

NYFA: 21 counties
iNat: no NY observations
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Vignea > sect. Cyperoideae >> sect. Ovales "Foeneae"
[edit | edit source]
Carex foenea
K.K.Mackenzie’s (1940) "Foeneae" group of traditional section Ovales has been characterized by[1]
  1. perigynium beak cross-section: flat,
  2. perigynium body shape in outline: ovate,
  3. pistillate scale: long,
  4. lowest bract of the entire inflorescence: short,
  5. vegetative culm: short,
  6. inner face of the leaf sheath: hyaline.

Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Vignea sect. Cyperoideae
Genus Carexfna-sect. Ovales "Foeneae" Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Willd.

1809. Carex foenea Willd. in Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol.: 957
1830. Vignea foenea (Willd.) Rchb. in J.C.Mössler, Handb. Gewächsk.
1902. Carex aenea Fernald in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 37:480
1909. Carex foenea var. aenea (Fernald) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler
1953. Carex aenea f. extrapolata Butters & Abbe in Rhodora 55:130
1953. Carex aenea f. flumini-regalis Butters & Abbe in Rhodora 55:130
1979. Carex argyrantha var. aenea (Fernald) B.Boivin in Phytologia 43: 60

Hay sedge
Straw Sedge
Fernald's hay sedge
Bronze sedge
Bronzy sedge
Bronze-headed oval sedge
Carex fourrager
Carex cuivré
Native, CoC: 8,
Secure,
S5

UPL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 82, 84

NYFA: 18 counties
iNat: Clinton, Essex

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Tuck. ex Boott

1862. Carex argyrantha Tuck. ex Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 3:119
1889. Carex foenea var. perplexa L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 1:27

Silvery-flowered sedge
Silvery-green sedge
Hay sedge
Silvery hay sedge
Silvery oval sedge
Carex argenté
Native, CoC: 7,
Likely secure,
S4, G5

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 80

NYFA: 15 counties
iNat: 6 counties

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Boott

1839. Carex adusta Boott in W.J.Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2:215
1863. Carex mirabilis var. adusta (Boott) Prov. in Fl. Canad. 2:648
1884. Carex adusta var. glomerata L.H.Bailey in Carex Cat.: 2
1886. Carex albolutescens var. glomerata Olney ex L.H.Bailey in Proc. AAA
1887. Carex pinguis L.H.Bailey in Bull. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. 3:22

Lesser brown sedge
Swarthy sedge
Browned sedge
Burnt sedge
Crowded sedge
Carex brûlé
Native,
Endangered,
S1

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 78

NYFA: Clinton (2020)
iNat: Clinton (2020)

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Carex subg. Carex

[edit | edit source]
VI. Carex subg. Carex. Subgenus Carex is the largest and morphologically the most variable Carex subgenus. The flowers of most of its species have three stigmas and primarily unisexual spikes.[1]

Subg. Carex > sect. Secalinae

[edit | edit source]
Carex secalina, Staten Island
VI.IS4. Carex sect. Secalinae (O. Lang) O.Lang. ex Kük., in H.G.A.Engler, Pflanzenr. 38(IV. 20): 679. 1909.

Contains all 3 traditional section Secalinae species (C. eremopyroides, C. hordeistichos, and C secalina) globally.[1]

iNaturalist includes this section as Section Secalinae (Carex Sect. Secalinae).

No species of this section are listed in the Flora of North America North of Mexico.[2]

The Eurasian species Carex secalina was reported in New York in 2012 by David A. Werier and Robert F. C. Naczi[3]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Secalinae
Genus Carexsect. Secalinae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Willd. ex Wahlenb.

1803. Carex secalina Willd. ex Wahlenb. in Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl.
1866. Carex hordeistichos var. microstachys Schur in Enum. Pl. Transsilv.
1867. Carex hordeistichos var. secalina (Willd. ex Wahlenb.) Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex
1877. Carex hordeistichos var. microcarpa Boeckeler in Linnaea
1918. Kuekenthalia secalina (Willd. ex Wahlenb.) Fedde & J.Schust. in Just's Bot. Jahresber

Rye sedge
Rye-like sedge
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Naturalized,
SNA

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 4 counties
iNat: Kings, Richmond
GBIF: 5 counties

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Subg. Carex > sect. Albae

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Carex eburnea
VI.A.1. Carex sect. Albae (Asch. & Graeb.) Kük., in H.G.A.Engler, Pflanzenr. 38(IV. 20): 499. 1909.

Contains all 4 of the species of traditional section Albae globally (C. alba, C. eburnea, C. mckittrickensis, C. ussuriensis).[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Albae contains 4 species worldwide, 2 of which (C. eburnea, C. mckittrickensis) are found in North America North of Mexico.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Albae
Genus Carexsect. Albae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Boott

 
1839. Carex eburnea Boott in W.J.Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2:226
1824. Carex alba Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 7: 266, nom. illeg.
1826. Carex alba var. setifolia Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 11:316
1896. Carex setifolia (Dewey) Britton & A.Br. in Ill. Fl. N. U.S. 1:332, nom. illeg.

Bristle-leaved sedge
Bristleleaf sedge
Ebony sedge
Ivory sedge
Carex ivoirin
Native, CoC: 8,
Likely secure,
S4

FACU

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 27 counties
iNat: 12 counties

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Subg. Carex > Flacca Clade

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Carex flacca
VI.E.3. Flacca Clade contains species from traditional Carex sections Thuringiaca (6/7), Aulocystis/Ferrugineae (9/74), Depauperatae (1/5), Abditispicae (8/8), Pellucidae (2/2). Paniceae (1/26).[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Thuringiaca contains 2 or 3 (7) species worldwide but only Carex flacca appears to have been found in North America, where it was introduced from Eurasia.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex — clade Flacca
Genus Carexfna-sect. Thuringiaca Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Schreb.
 ssp. flacca

1771. Carex flacca Schreb. in Spic. Fl. Lips., App.:178
1772. Carex glauca Scop. in Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 2:223
1779. Carex verna Lam. in Fl. Franç. 2: 185
1787. Carex aspera Willd. in Fl. Berol. Prodr.:32
1821. Trasus glaucus (Scop.) Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2:67 (1822)
1844. Carex bulbosa Drejer in Symb. Caric.:20

Heath sedge
Glaucous sedge
Blue sedge
Flabby sedge
Carex glauque
Laîche glauque
Laiche flasque
Introduced from
 Europe,
 northern Africa,
Potentially invasive

NYFA: 3 counties
iNat: No NY observations

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Subg. Carex > sect. Paniceae

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VI.E.4. Carex sect. Paniceae G.Don, in J.C.Loudon, Hort. Brit. 376. 1830.

Most of the species of the three nested traditional sections Bicolores (4/4), Paniceae s.s. (24/26), and Laxiflorae (17/17) were combined into a larger sect. Paniceae. Although sect. Bicolores has been found to be monophyletic, it is nested in sect. Paniceae s.s., which is nested in sect. Laxiflorae.[1]


Subg. Carex > sect. Paniceae >> sect. Bicolores

[edit | edit source]
Carex aurea
VI.E.4. Carex sect. Paniceae contains all 4 species of traditional sect. Bicolores globally.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Bicolores contains 4 species worldwide, all of which (C. aurea, C. bicolor, C. garberi, C. hassei) are found in North America, but only C. aurea and C. garberi are found in New York.[2]

Traditional sect. Bicolores contains two species that are found in New York State. The parigynia of C. aurea (golden-fruited sedge) are nearly spherical and turn bright orange when mature, while the those of the endangered C. garberi (elk sedge) turn glaucous white with age.[3]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Paniceae
Genus Carexfna-sect. Bicolores Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Nutt.

1818. Carex aurea Nutt. in Gen. N. Amer. Pl.
1823. Carex mutica R.Br. in J.Franklin, Narr. Journey Polar Sea
1840. Neskiza aurea (Nutt.) Raf. in Good Book
1855. Carex pyriformis F.W.Schultz in Jahresber. Pollichia
1919. Carex aurea f. colorata Farw. in Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci.

Golden-fruited sedge
Golden sedge
Pumpkin sedge
Carex doré
Native, CoC: 6,
Secure,
S5, G5

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 8,
2n = 52

NYFA: 30 counties
iNat: 14 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Fernald

1871. Carex aurea Nuttall androgyna Olney in S.Watson, Botany [Fortieth Parallel]
1935. Carex garberi Fernald in Rhodora 37:253
1935. Carex garberi var. bifaria (Fernald) Hultén in Ark. Bot
1968. Carex garberi ssp. bifaria Fernald in Rhodora 37:255

Elk sedge
Garber's sedge
False golden sedge
Carex de Garber
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1],
S1, G5,
NYNHP: 1[2]

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 7

NYFA: 6 counties
iNat: no NY reports
GBIF: no NY reports

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Subg. Carex > sect. Paniceae >> sect. Paniceae

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Carex woodii
VI.E.4. Carex sect. Paniceae includes (in part) 24 of the 26 species of the traditional sect. Paniceae globally.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Paniceae contains about 14 (26) species worldwide, 10 of which are found in North America North of Mexico, and 7 of which are listed in New York.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Paniceae
Genus Carexsect. Paniceae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Schkuhr

1806. Carex tetanica Schkuhr in Beschr. Riedgräs.
1840. Olotrema tetanica (Schkuhr) Raf. in Good Book
1855. Carex multinervis Boeckeler in Flora 38
1858. Carex alveata Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex
1887. Carex tetanica var. canbyi Porter in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1888
1887. Carex tetanica var. carteri Porter in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1888
1894. Carex meadii Porter in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, nom. illeg.
1909. Carex tetanica f. canbyi (Porter) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr.

Rigid sedge
Common stiff sedge
Carex tétanique
Native, CoC: 8,
Secure,
S4-S5

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 24 counties
iNat: 3 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Dewey

1846. Carex woodii Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2
1889. Carex tetanica var. woodii (Dewey) L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club
1909. Carex tetanica f. woodii (Dewey) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr
1910. Carex colorata Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club

Wood’s sedge
Pretty sedge
Purple-tinged sedge
Wood's stiff sedge

Carex de Wood
Native, CoC: 8,
Likely secure,
S4, G4

FACU-UPL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 44

NYFA: 18 counties
iNat: 6 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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(Wahlenb.) Willd.

1803. Carex limosa ssp. livida Wahlenb. in Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl.
1805. Carex livida (Wahlenb.) Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4.
1834. Carex grayana Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts
1840. Edritria livida (Wahlenb.) Raf. in Good Book
1865. Carex livida var. radicalis Paine in Rep. (Annual) Regents Univ. NYS Cab. Nat. Hist.
1887. Carex confertospicata Boeckeler in Bot. Jahrb. Syst.
1922. Carex fujitae Kudô in J. Coll. Agric. Hokkaido Imp. Univ.
1926. Carex livida var. grayana (Dewey) Fernald in Rhodora
1926. Carex livida var. rufiniformis Fernald in Rhodora

Livid sedge
Pale sedge
Lead-coloured sedge

Carex livide
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1],
S2, G5,
NYNHP: S2[2]

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 32

NYFA: 8 counties
iNat: 3 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Dewey

1842. Carex meadii Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts
1848. Carex panicea J.Carey in A.Gray, Manual, nom. illeg.
1884. Carex meadii var. bebbii Arthur in Proc. Davenport Acad. Nat. Sci
1889. Carex tetanica var. meadii (Dewey) L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club
1909. Carex douglasii f. meadii (Dewey) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr

Mead's sedge
Mead's stiff sedge

Carex de Mead
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1],
SH, G4-G5,
NYNHP: SH[3]

FAC

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 5 counties
iNat: no NY observations

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Tausch
 var. vaginata

1806. Carex depauperata Hornem. in Fors. Oecon. Plantel., ed. 2
1812. Carex panicea var. sparsiflora Wahlenb. in Fl. Lapp.: 236
1821. Carex vaginata Tausch in Flora 4: 557
1821. Carex smithii Tausch in Flora 4: 559
1826. Carex panicea var. pauciflora Wahlenb. in Fl. Suecica
1830. Carex tetanica Rchb. in Fl. Germ. Excurs, nom. illeg.
1840. Carex sparsiflora (Wahlenb.) Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2
1889. Carex saltuensis L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club
1912. Carex panicea ssp. vaginata (Tausch) Rouy in G.Rouy & J.Foucaud, Fl. France

Sheathed sedge

Carex engaîné
Laiche engainante
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1],
S1, G5,
NYNHP: S1[4]

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 5 counties

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L.

1753. Carex panicea L. in Sp. Pl.: 977
1821. Trasus paniceus (L.) Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl.
1851. Carex pelia O.Lang in Linnaea
1852. Carex efflata Laest. ex Trevir. in C.F.von Ledebour, Fl. Ross.

Grass-like sedge
Millet sedge
Carnation sedge
Pink-leaved sedge

Carex faux-millet
Laîche bleuâtre
Laîche faux-panic
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
 Greenland

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: X

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Subg. Carex > sect. Paniceae >> sect. Laxiflorae

[edit | edit source]
Carex laxiflora
VI.E.4. Carex sect. Paniceae includes (in part) all 17 species (globally) of traditional Carex section Laxiflorae. Phylogenetically, there is evidence that traditional sect. Paniceae is embedded within sect. Laxiflora.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Laxiflorae contains about 16 (17) species worldwide, 15 of which are found in North America North of Mexico.[2] About 8 of these are listed in New York State.[3]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Laxiflorae
Genus Carexfna-sect. Laxiflorae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Lam.

1792. Carex laxiflora Lam. in Encycl. 3:378
1805. Carex anceps Muhl. ex Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4.
1817. Carex plantaginea Muhl. in Descr. Gram., nom. illeg.
1837. Carex nematosperma Willd. ex Kunth in Enum. Pl.
1840. Deweya anceps (Muhl. ex Willd.) Raf. in Good Book

Broad loose-flowered sedge
Broad looseflower sedge
Loose-flowered sedge
Beech wood sedge
Two-edge sedge
Carex laxiflore
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5, G5

UPL-FACU

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 40

NYFA: 53 counties
iNat: 5 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Steud.

1855. Carex gracilescens Steud. in Syn. Pl. Glumac. 2:226
1858. Carex laxiflora var. gracillima Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 1:38

Slender loose-flowered sedge
Rather slender sedge
Slender wood sedge
Slender sedge
Slender rich woodland sedge
Carex grêle
Native, CoC: 8,
Secure,
S5, G5?

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 33, 38, 40

NYFA: 30 counties
iNat: St. Lawrence
GBIF: present in NY

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(Fernald) Fernald

1906. Carex laxiflora var. leptonervia Fernald in Rhodora 8:184
1914. Carex leptonervia (Fernald) Fernald in Rhodora 16:214
1889. Carex laxiflora var. varians L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 1:32
1901. Carex varians (L.H.Bailey) Hay, T.S.Palmer & C.D.White, not validly publ.
1909. Carex laxiflora f. varians (L.H.Bailey) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.)
1919. Carex blanda var. varians (L.H.Bailey) Burnham in Torreya 19: 133

Nerveless woodland sedge
Finely-nerved sedge
Few-nerved wood sedge
Northern woodland sedge
Ribless woodland sedge
Carex leptonervé
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5, G4

FAC-FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 36

NYFA: 45 counties
iNat: St. Lawrence
GBIF: present in NY

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Carex laxiflora ×
Carex leptonervia

Hybrid-of:
  Loose-flowered sedge
  Finely-nerved sedge
Native,
Hybrid

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: Rensselaer (1997)

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Dewey

1826. Carex blanda Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 10:45
1839. Carex anceps var. blanda (Dewey) Boott in W.J.Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Amer.
1840. Deweya blanda (Dewey) Raf. in Good Book: 26
1858. Carex laxiflora var. blanda (Dewey) Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 1:37

Eastern woodland sedge
Common woodland sedge
Charming woodland sedge
Woodland sedge
Bland sedge
Carex lisse
Native, CoC: 4,
Secure,
S5, G5?

FAC

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 30,32,34,36

NYFA: 49 counties
iNat: 16 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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E.Sheld.

1858. Carex laxiflora var. latifolia Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 1:38
1893. Carex albursina E.Sheld. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 20:284

White bear sedge
Blunt-scale wood Sedge
Carex du lac à l'Ours-Blanc
Carex de l'ours blanc
Native, CoC: 8,
Secure,
S5, G5

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 44

NYFA: 32 counties
iNat: 11 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Wiegand

1922. Carex ormostachya Wiegand in Rhodora 24:196
1952. Carex laxiflora var. ormostachya (Wiegand) Gleason in Phytologia 4:22

Necklace spike sedge
Necklace-like spike sedge
Necklace-spike wood sedge
Carex en chapelet
Native, CoC: 4,
Likely secure,
S4, G4

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 16 counties
iNat: St. Lawrence
GBIF: present in NY

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Michx.

1803. Carex striatula Michx. in Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2:173
1803. Carex heterosperma Wahlenb. in Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 24:151
1845. Carex anceps var. angustifolia Dewey in A.Wood, Class-book Bot.:423
1848. Carex anceps var. striatula (Michx.) J.Carey in A.Gray, Manual:554
1860. Carex laxiflora var. striatula (Michx.) Chapm. in Fl. South. U.S.:540
1861. Carex laxiflora var. angustifolia (Dewey) Dewey in A.Wood Class-book Bot.
1889. Carex laxiflora var. michauxii L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club
1909. Carex laxiflora f. striatula (Michx.) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.)

Lined sedge Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1],
SH, G4-G5,
NYNHP: SH[2]

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 36, 40

NYFA: 5 counties
iNat: no NY observations
GBIF: historical in NY

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Buckley

1843. Carex styloflexa Buckley in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 45:174
1858. Carex laxiflora var. styloflexa (Buckley) Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 1:37
1922. Carex styloflexa var. remotiflora Wiegand in Rhodora 24: 200

Bent sedge
Curved style sedge
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1],
S1, G4-G5,
NYNHP: S1[3]

FAC-FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 48

NYFA: 10 counties
iNat: Suffolk County
GBIF: historical in NY

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Subg. Carex > sect. Pictae

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Carex pedunculata
VI.G. Carex sect. Pictae Kük., in H.G.A.Engler, Pflanzenr. 20[IV,38]: 82. 1909.

Combines globally both traditional sect. Pictae species (C. baltzellii & C. picta) with 2 of the 46 traditional sect. Clandestinae species (C. pedunculata & C. erythrobasis).[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Pictae contains 2 species worldwide (C. baltzellii, C. picta), both of which are found in North America North of Mexico, but neither has been found to naturalize in New York.[2]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Clandestinae contains about 20 (46) species worldwide, 4 of which (C. concinna, C. concinnoides, C. pedunculata, C. richardsonii) are found in North America North of Mexico. Of these, only Carex pedunculata is known in New York.[3]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Pictae
Genus Carexfna-sect. Clandestinae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Muhl. ex Willd.
 ssp. pedunculata

1805 Carex pedunculata Muhl. ex Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:222

Long-stalked sedge
Longstalk sedge
Pedunculate sedge
Peduncled sedge
Stalked sedge
Carex pédonculé
Native, CoC: 6,
Secure,
S5, G5

FAC-OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 39 counties
iNat: 17 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Carex > Hirta Clade

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Carex lurida
VI.H.1. Hirta Clade contains all or parts of traditional sections Carex (16/18), Lupulinae (6/6), Paludosae (26/33), Squarrosae (2/4), and Vesicariae (49/49). These traditional sections are thought to represent largely monophyletic subclades. They share a number of morphological and habitat similarities and hybridize more readily than most other Carex groups.[1]

Subg. Carex > Hirta Clade >> sect. Paludosae

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Carex lacustris
VI.H.1. Hirta Clade includes 26 of the 33 species globally of traditional sect. Paludosae.

New York species of traditional sect. Paludosae were distributed as follows:[1]

  • VI.H.1. Hirta Clade  : C. houghtoniana, C. hyalinolepis, C. lacustris, C. lasiocarpa, C. pellita, C. striata
  • VI.M.2. sect. Paludosae : C. acutiformis
  • VI.M.3. Vestita Clade  : C. vestita

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Paludosae contains about 35 (33) species worldwide, 14 of which are found in North America North of Mexico.[2][3]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex — clade Hirta
Genus Carexsect. Paludosae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Willd.

1805. Carex lacustris Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4: 306
1817. Carex riparia Muhl. in Descr. Gram.: 259, nom. illeg.
1840. Anithista lacustris (Willd.) Raf. in Good Book: 26
1840. Anithista riparia Raf. in Good Book: 26
1909. Carex riparia var. lacustris (Willd.) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.) Pflanzenr.

Lake sedge
Lakeside sedge
Lakeshore sedge
Lakebank sedge
Common lake sedge
Lake-bank sedge
Hairy sedge
Carex lacustre
Native, CoC: 5,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 74

NYFA: 46 counties
iNat: 18 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Ehrh.
 var. americana Fernald

1803. Carex lanuginosa Michx. in Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2:175
1888. Carex filiformis var. lanuginosa (Michx.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. in Prelim. Cat.
1896. Carex lanuginosa var. kansana Britton in N.L.Britton & A.Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S
1909. Carex lasiocarpa f. kansana (Britton) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr.
1909. Carex lasiocarpa var. lanuginosa (Michx.) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr.
1939. Carex lasiocarpa ssp. lanuginosa (Michx.) R.T.Clausen & Wahl in Rhodora 41: 31
1942. Carex lasiocarpa var. americana Fernald in Rhodora 44:304
1950. Carex lanuginosa var. oriens Raymond in Naturaliste Canad. 77: 59
1959. Carex lasiocarpa ssp. americana (Fernald) Á.Löve & J.-P.Bernard in Svensk Bot.
1967. Carex lanuginosa var. americana (Fernald) B.Boivin in Naturaliste Canad. 94: 523

American woolly-fruited sedge
American woollyfruit sedge
Woolly-fruited sedge
Narrow-leaved woolly sedge
Slender sedge
Wiregrass
Carex à fruits tomenteux d'Amérique
Native, CoC: 9,
Secure,
S5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 56

NYFA: 38 counties
iNat: 9 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Muhl. ex Willd.

1805. Carex pellita Muhl. ex Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4: 302
1840. Diemisa pellita (Muhl. ex Willd.) Raf. in Good Book: 27
1946. Carex lasiocarpa var. latifolia (Boeckler) Gilly in Iowa State Coll. J. Sci.

Woolly sedge
Broad-Leaved Woolly Sedge
Carex laineux
Native, CoC: 4,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 78

NYFA: 33 counties
iNat: 10 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Torr. ex Dewey

1836. Carex houghtoniana Torr. ex Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 30:63
1836. Carex houghtonii Torr. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 3:413, orth. var.

Houghton's sedge
Houghton's woolly sedge
Sand sedge
Carex de Houghton
Native, CoC: 5,
Threatened,
S2, G5,
NYNHP: S2[1]

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 10 counties
iNat: Essex County
GBIF: present in NY

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Michx.

1803. Carex striata Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2:174
1824. Carex bullata Elliott in Sketch Bot. S. Carolina, nom. illeg.
1836. Carex polymorpha Torr. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 3: 413
1893. Carex walteriana L.H.Bailey in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 20:420
1893. Carex walteriana var. brevis (L.H.Bailey) L.H.Bailey ... 20:429
1899. Carex striata var. brevis L.H.Bailey Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 1:34

Walter's sedge Native, CoC: 5,
Threatened,
S2, G4-G5,
NYNHP: S2[2]

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: Long Island
iNat: Suffolk County
GBIF: Long Island

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Subg. Carex > Hirta Clade >> sect. Carex

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Carex trichocarpa
VI.H.1. Hirta Clade includes 16 of the 18 traditional sect. Carex species globally.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Carex contains about 10 (18) species worldwide, 5 of which are found in North America North of Mexico.[2]

Three of these Carex species are native or naturalized in New York State, including the introduced Carex hirta, which is the type species of this section, subgenus, and the Carex genus as a whole.


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex — clade Hirta
Genus Carexsect. Carex Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Muhl. ex Willd.

1805. Carex trichocarpa Muhl. ex Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:302
1909. Carex aristata ssp. trichocarpa Kük. Pflanzenr. (Engler) 4, Fam. 20:754

Hairy-fruited sedge
Hairy-Fruit Sedge
Hairy-Fruited Lake Sedge
Carex à fruits velus
Native, CoC: 5,
Likely secure,
S4, G4

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 27 counties
iNat: 5 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Spreng.

1823. Carex aristata R. Br. in J.Franklin Narr. Journey Polar Sea: 751, nom. illeg.
1826. Carex atherodes Spreng. in Syst. Veg., ed. 16. 3:828
1857. Carex aristata Siegert ex Wimm. in Fl. Schles., ed. 3: 72, nom. illeg.
1882. Carex hirta ssp. siegertiana (R.Uechtr.) Nyman in Consp. Fl. Eur.:769
1885. Carex trichocarpa var. aristata L.H.Bailey in Bot. Gaz. 10:294

Wheat sedge
Awned sedge
Hairy-leaved lake sedge
Slough sedge
Carex épi-de-blé
Native, CoC: 2,
Rare,
DEC-C[1],
NYNHP-3[2],
S3, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 5 counties
iNat: 2 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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L.

1753. Carex hirta L. in Sp. Pl.: 975
1807. Carex hirtiformis Pers. in Syn. Pl. 2:547
1812. Carex villosa Stokes in Bot. Mat. Med. 4:346
1821. Trasus hirtus (L) Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 58 (1822)
1821. Trasus hirtus var. compositus Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 58 (1822)
1821. Trasus hirtus var. glaber Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 58 (1822)

Hairy sedge
Hammer sedge
Carex hérissé
Introduced,
Naturalized,
SNA, GNR

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 5 counties
iNat: 5 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Carex > Hirta Clade >> sect. Vesicariae

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Carex comosa
VI.H.1. Hirta Clade includes all 49 species (globally) of traditional Carex sect. Vesicariae.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Vesicariae (including Pseudocypereae) contains about 45 (49) species worldwide, 19 of which are found in North America North of Mexico.[2]

Perigynia glabrous, smooth. Lateral spikes usually pedunculate; lowermost inflorescence bracts sometimes with sheath; peduncles with prophyll at base. Terminal spike usually staminate or, sometimes, gynecandrous, staminate flowers then more numerous than pistillate; lateral spikes oblong, distinctly longer than wide; fresh perigynia green or slightly glaucous. Pistillate scales obtuse to acuminate or cuspidate. Style persistent on the achene.[3]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Vesicariae
Genus Carexsect. Vesicariae"scabrous-awned" group Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Wahlenb.

1803. Carex lurida Wahlenb. in Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 24:153
1805. Carex rostrata Muhl. ex Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:282, nom. illeg.
1871. Carex purshii Olney in Car. Bor. Am.: 2

Sallow sedge
Lurid sedge
Shallow sedge
Carex luisant
Native, CoC: 4,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 6

NYFA: 57 counties
iNat: 56 counties

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Britton

1860. Carex tentaculata var. gracilis Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 2:94
1889. Carex lurida var. gracilis (Boott) L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 1(1):11
1895. Carex baileyi Britton in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 22:220

Bailey's sedge
Carex de Bailey
Native, CoC: 6,
Secure,
S5, G4

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 6

NYFA: 30 counties
iNat: Cattaraugus, Essex, Ulster

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Boott

1824. Carex furcata Elliott in Sketch Bot. S. Carolina 2:552, nom. illeg.
1846. Carex comosa Boott in Trans. Linn. Soc. London 20:117
1867. Carex pseudocyperus var. comosa (Boott) Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 4:141

Bristly sedge
Bearded sedge
Longhair sedge
Carex à toupet
Native, CoC: 4,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 8

NYFA: 56 counties
iNat: 46 counties

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Muhl. ex Willd.

1805. Carex hystericina Muhl. ex Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:282
1840. Carex erinacea Muhl. ex Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1:288
1845. Carex cooleyi Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 48:144
1855. Carex georgiana Dewey ex Steud. in Syn. Pl. Glumac. 2:225
1861. Carex hystericina var. cooleyi (Dewey) Dewey in A.Wood, Class-book
1889. Carex hystericina var. dudleyi L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 1:54
1924. Carex hystericina f. dudleyi (L.H.Bailey) Wiegand in Rhodora 26: 2

Porcupine sedge
Bottlebrush sedge
Carex porc-épic
Native, CoC: 5,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 8

NYFA: 48 counties
iNat: 20 counties

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L.
 var. pseudocyperus

1753. Carex pseudocyperus L. in Sp. Pl.: 978
1792. Carex reversa Gilib. in Exerc. Phyt. 2:549, opus utique oppr.
1801. Carex recurva Schkuhr in Beschr. Riedgräs. 1:120, nom. illeg.
1821. Trasus chlorostachyos Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit., nom. superfl.
1832. Carex punctulata R.Lesson ex A.Rich. in J.S.C.Dumont d'Urville, nom. illeg.
1858. Carex latifolia Sol. ex Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 1:52, nom. illeg.
1867. Carex longibracteata Dulac in Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées: 57 (1867), nom. illeg.

Cyperus-like sedge
Cyperus sedge
Hop sedge
Native, CoC: 6,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 7

NYFA: 30 counties
iNat: 7 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Dewey ex Schwein.

1824. Carex schweinitzii Dewey ex Schwein. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. N.Y. 1:71
1829. Carex schweinitzia Eaton in Man. Bot., ed. 5:159, orth. var.

Schweinitz's sedge
Schweinitz's flatsedge
Carex de Schweinitz
Native, CoC: 9,
Threatened,
DEC-B[1],
S2-S3, G3,
NYNHP: S2-S3[2]

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 8

NYFA: 20 counties
iNat: 4 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Carex comosa ×
Carex hystericina

Hybrid bristly & porcupine sedge Native,
Hybrid

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: Chemung (1898), Seneca (1915)

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Carex hystericina ×
Carex pseudocyperus

Hybrid porcupine & cyperus-like sedge Native,
Hybrid

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: Seneca (1863)

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Carex hystericina ×
Carex schweinitzii

Hybrid porcupine & Schweinitz sedge Native,
Hybrid

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: Duchess, Oneida, Tompkins

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Genus Carexsect. Vesicariae"awnless" group Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Schwein.

1824. Carex retrorsa Schwein. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 1:71
1826. Carex reversa Spreng. in Syst. Veg., ed. 16. 3:827
1866. Carex lupulina var. gigantoidea Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2, 41:328
1906. Carex retrorsa var. robinsonii Fernald in Rhodora 8:201
1921. Carex retrorsa var. gigantoides Farw. in Rhodora 23:87
1959. Carex retrorsa var. multispicula Lepage in Naturaliste Canad. 86:6

Retrorse sedge
Backward-fruited sedge
Knotsheath sedge
Carex réfléchi
Native, CoC: 6,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL-FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 44 counties

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Dewey

1825. Carex bullata Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 9:71, nom. illeg.
1826. Carex bullata var. cylindracea Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 11:315
1845. Carex tuckermanii var. cylindracea Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 49:48
1846. Carex tuckermanii Boott in London J. Bot. 5:73
1915. Carex tuckermanii var. niagarensis C.P.Sm. in Rhodora 17:57

Tuckerman's sedge
Carex de tuckerman
Native, CoC: 8,
Secure,
S5, G4

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 35 counties
iNat: 7 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Boott

1839. Carex utriculata Boott
1844. Carex rhynchophysa |Fisch. &al.
1849. Carex laevirostris Andersson

Beaked sedge
Northwest Territory sedge
Carex utriculé
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 5

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L.

Blister sedge
Inflated sedge
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 5

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Michx.

Few-seeded sedge Native, CoC: 10,
Vulnerable,
S4, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 18 counties
iNat: 6 counties

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Schkuhr ex Willd.

1805. Carex bullata Schkuhr ex Willd.
1824. Carex cylindrica Schwein. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 1:71
1858. Carex greenii Boeckeler in Flora 41:649
1860. Carex physema Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2, 29:347
1906. Carex bullata var. greenii (Boeckeler) Fernald in Rhodora 8:202

Button sedge Native, CoC: 9,
Endangered,
DEC-A[3],
S1, G5,
NYNHP: S1[4]

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 8

NYFA: 6 counties
iNat: Suffolk County

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Subg. Carex > Hirta Clade >> sect. Lupulinae

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Carex grayi
VI.H.1. Hirta Clade includes all 6 species of traditional sect. Lupulinae worldwide.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Lupulinae contains about 6 species worldwide, all of which are found in North America North of Mexico, and 4 which are listed in New York State. The sedges of sect. Lupulinae have the largest perigynia of all Carex species.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Lupulinae
Genus Carexsect. Lupulinae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Muhl. ex Willd.

1805. Carex lupulina Muhl. ex Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:266
1866. Carex bella-villa Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2, 41:229
1866. Carex canadensis Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2, 41:229
1886. Carex lurida L.H.Bailey in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 22:63
1900. Carex gigantea var. lupulina (Muhl. ex Willd.) Farw. in Rep. Parks Detroit
1921. Carex gigantea f. bella-villa (Dewey) Farw. in Rhodora 23:87

Hop sedge
Common hop sedge
Carex houblon
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 55 counties
iNat: 32 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Rudge

1803. Carex folliculata Wahlenb. in Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 24:152, nom. illeg.
1804. Carex intumescens Rudge in Trans. Linn. Soc. London 7:97
1813. Carex folliculata var. major Pursh in Fl. Amer. Sept. 1:42
1893. Carex intumescens var. fernaldii L.H.Bailey in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 20:418
1942. Carex intumescens f. ventriosa Fernald in Rhodora 44:321

Bladder sedge
Greater Bladder sedge
Shining bur sedge
Swollen sedge
Carex gonflé
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5, G5

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 54 counties
iNat: 54 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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J.Carey

1835. Carex intumescens var. globularis A.Gray in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 3: 236
1847. Carex grayi J.Carey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2, 4:22
1889. Carex grayi var. hispidula A.Gray ex L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 1:54
1893. Carex asa-grayi L.H.Bailey in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 20:427
1893. Carex asa-grayi var. hispidula (A.Gray ex L.H.Bailey) L.H.Bailey
1921. Carex grayi var. rariflora Farw. in Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 22:181

Gray's sedge
Asa Gray's sedge
Bur sedge
Common bur sedge
Gray's bur sedge
Morning star sedge

Carex de Gray
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5

FACW

Perennial,
Herb-graminoid,
Part shade

NYFA: 35 counties
iNat: 30 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Sartwell ex Dewey

1850. Carex lupuliformis Sartwell ex Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2, 9:29

False hop sedge
Hop-like sedge
Knobbed hop sedge
Knotted hop sedge

Carex faux-lupulina
Native, CoC: 9,
Threatened,
DEC-B[1],
NYNHP-2[2],
S2, G4

FACW-OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 19 counties
iNat: 3 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Carex > Hirta Clade >> sect. Squarrosae

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VI.H.1. Hirta Clade includes 2 species (Carex frankii and C. aureolensis) from the 4 species of traditional section Squarrosae globally.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Squarrosae contains about 4 species worldwide, 4 of which are found in North America North of Mexico. Three of these, C. frankii, C. squarrosa, and C. typhina, are native to New York, while C. aureolensis is a southern US native.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex — clade Hirta
Genus Carexfna-sect. Squarrosae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Kunth

1836. Carex stenolepis Torrey
1837. Carex frankii Kunth
1855. Carex shortii Steud.

Frank's sedge Native,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1],
NYNHP-1[2]

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 1
iNat: 5 counties

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Subg. Carex > Hirta Clade >> intersectional hybrids

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VI.H.1. Hirta Clade intersectional hybrids.
Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex — clade Hirta
Genus Carexsect. Paludosae × Carex Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT

Carex lacustris (Paludosae) ×
Carex trichocarpa (Carex)

Hybrid of
 Lake-bank sedge &
 Hairy-fruited sedge
Native,
Hybrid,
SNA, GNA

NYFA: Yates County

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Genus Carexsect. Lupulinae × Vesicariae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT

Carex lupulina (Lupulinae) ×
Carex lurida (Vesicariae)

Hybrid of
 Hop sedge &
 Sallow sedge
Native,
Hybrid,
SNA, GNA

NYFA: Wayne (1916)

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Carex lupulina (Lupulinae) ×
Carex retrorsa (Vesicariae)

Hybrid of
 Hop sedge &
 Backward-fruited sedge
Native,
Hybrid,
SNA, GNA

NYFA: Tompkiins (1884, 1938)

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Subg. Carex > sect. Longirostres

[edit | edit source]
Carex sprengelii
VI.I.1. Carex sect. Longirostres (Kük.) Mack., N. Amer. Fl. 18: 297. 1935.

Contains only 3 of the 65 species of traditional sect. Hymenochlaenae globally (C. arnellii, C. hondoensis, C. sprengelii).[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Hymenochlaenae contains about 50-60 (65) species worldwide, 20 of which (including C. sprengelii) are found in North America North of Mexico.[2]

Of the 3 Carex sect. Longirostres species, only Carex sprengelii is listed in New York State.


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Longirostres
Genus Carexfna-sect. Hymenochlaenae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Dewey ex Spreng.

1824. Carex longirostris Torr. ex Schwein. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. N.Y. 1:71, nom. illeg.
1826. Carex sprengelii Dewey ex Spreng. in Syst. Veg., ed. 16. 3:837
1864. Carex longirostris var. minor Boott in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 15:78
1877. Carex longirostris var. microcystis Boeckeler in Linnaea 41:241

Long-beaked sedge
Longbeak sedge
Sprengel’s sedge
Carex de Sprengel
Native, CoC: 8,
Secure,
S5, G5?

FAC-FACU

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 8,
2n = 42

NYFA: 34 counties
iNat: 13 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Carex > sect. Racemosae

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Carex buxbaumii
VI.I.2. Carex sect. Racemosae G.Don, in J.C.Loudon, Hort. Brit. 376. 1830.

Contains 69 of the 73 species of traditional Carex sect. Racemosae, including the two New York species and a few non-native species from other sections in subg. Carex.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Racemosae contains about 60 (73) species worldwide, 29 of which are found in North America North of Mexico, but only two (threatened & endangered) species are present in New York.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae —   — Carex subg. Carex sect. Racemosae
Genus Carexsect. Racemosae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Wahlenb.

1801. Carex polygama Schkuhr in Beschr. Riedgräs. 1:84, nom. illeg.
1801. Carex subulata Schumach. in Enum. Pl. 1: 270, nom. illeg.
1803. Carex buxbaumii Wahlenb. in Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 24:163
1840. Physiglochis buxbaumii (Wahlenb.) Raf. in Good Book: 27
1867. Carex oligandra F.Muell. ex Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 4:136
1868. Carex pseudobuxbaumii M.Winkl. in Oesterr. Bot. Z. 18:72
1909. Carex holmiana Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 36:481

Buxbaum's sedge
Brown bog sedge
Club sedge
Brown sedge
Dark-scale sedge

Carex de Buxbaum
Laiche de Buxbaum
Native,
Threatened,
DEC-B[1],
NYNHP-2[2]

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = ~106

NYFA: 19 counties
iNat: 5 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Britton

1804. Carex ovata Rudge in Trans. Linn. Soc. London 7:96, nom. illeg.
1895. Carex atratiformis Britton in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 22:222
1909. Carex atrata ssp. atratiformis (Britton) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr.
1952. Carex raymondii Calder in Rhodora 54: 246
1966. Carex atratiformis ssp. raymondii (Calder) A.E.Porsild in Bull. Natl. Mus. Canada

Scabrous black sedge
Scrabrous black sedge
Black Sedge
Raymond's Sedge

Carex atratiforme
Native,
Endangered,
DEC-A[3]

NYFA: Essex (1981)
iNat: No NY observations
GBIF: no NY reports

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Subg. Carex > sect. Stylosae

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Carex haydenii
VI.J. Carex sect. Stylosae (T.V.Egorova) S.Gebauer & M.H.Hoffm., Syst. Bot. 40: 444. 2015.

Globally, contains sedges from traditional sections Stylosae (3/3) and Phacocystis (4/145).[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Phacocystis contains about 110 (145) species worldwide, 31 of which are found in North America North of Mexico. About 12 of these taxa have been reported in New York State,[2] but of these 12, only Carex haydenii was transferred to sect. Stylosae.

iNaturalist lists this section as Section Stylosae (Carex Sect. Stylosae).


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Stylosae
Genus Carexfna-sect. Phacocystis Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Dewey

1854. Carex haydenii Dewey
1888. Carex stricta var. decora L.H.Bailey in Bot. Gaz. 13:85
1909. Carex stricta var. haydenii (Dewey) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler, Pflanzenr.
1955. Carex rousseaui Raymond in Naturaliste Canad. 82:31

Hayden's sedge
Cloud sedge
Long-scaled tussock sedge

Carex de Hayden
Native,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1],
S2, G5,
NYNHP: S2[2]

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 54

NYFA: 12 counties
iNat: 3 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Carex > sect. Phacocystis

[edit | edit source]
VI.K. Carex sect. Phacocystis Dumort., Fl. Belg. 146. 1827.

Includes 102 of the 145 species of traditional section Phacocystis globally. An exception was Carex haydenii, which was placed in sect. Stylosae above.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Phacocystis contains about 110 (145) species worldwide, 31 of which are found in North America North of Mexico.[2][3] About 12 of these taxa have been reported in New York State.

Sect. Phacocystis is one of the most diverse and taxonomically complex groups of sedges.[4]


Subg. Carex > sect. Phacocystis >> C. crinita clade

[edit | edit source]
Carex crinita
The Carex crinita clade contains four species endemic to eastern North America: Carex torta, Carex crinita, Carex mitchelliana, and Carex gynandra.[1]

A common character of the sedges in this clade is that the lowest spike is pendent (as opposed to erect or ascending).[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Phacocystis
Genus Carexsect. Phacocystisclade C. crinita Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Lam.
 var. crinita

1792. Carex crinita Lam. in Encycl. 3:393
1803. Carex leonura Wahlenb. in Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 24:161
1840. Diemisa crinita (Lam.) Raf. in Good Book: 27
1840. Neskiza crinita (Lam.) Raf. in Good Book: 27
1858 Carex crinita var. minor Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 1:18
1858 Carex crinita f. minor Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 1:18
1871 Carex crinita var. angusta Olney in Exsicc. (Olney) 3:10

Long-fringed sedge
Fringed sedge
Carex crépu
Native, CoC: 3,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 66, 68

NYFA: 52 counties
iNat: 18 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Lam.
 var. brevicrinis

1946. Carex crinita var. brevicrinis Fernald Rhodora 48: 54

Short-fringed Sedge
Short-hair sedge
Fringed sedge
Native, CoC: 7,
No recent reports,
SNR

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 66

NYFA: Suff, West
iNat: Suffolk (2021)
GBIF: Suffolk (2021)

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Schwein.

1824. Carex gynandra Schwein. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 1:70
1826. Carex crinita var. gynandra (Schwein.) Schwein. & Torr. in Ann. Lyceum
1871. Carex gynandra var. caroliniana Olney in Exsicc. (Olney) 3:8
1902. Carex crinita var. simulans Fernald in Rhodora 4:219
1947. Carex gynandra var. simulans (Fernald) Roll.-Germ. in Proc. & Trans.

Nodding sedge
Mountain fringed sedge
Native,
Secure

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 66, 68

NYFA: 47 counties

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Boott ex Tuck.

1826. Carex acuta var. sparsiflora Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 10:265 [FNA]
1827. Carex cespitosa var. ramosa Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 12:297
1843. Carex torta Boott ex Tuck. in Enum. Meth. Caric.: 11
1893. Carex torta var. staminata Peck Rep. Regents Univ. NY Mus. 46:131

Twisted sedge
Stream-bed sedge
Streambed sedge
Beaked riverbank sedge
Carex tordu
Native, CoC: 8,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL-FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 6,
2n = 66

NYFA: 34 counties
iNat: 23 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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M.A.Curtis

1843. Carex mitchelliana M.A.Curtis in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 44:84
1952. Carex crinita var. mitchelliana (M.A.Curtis) Gleason in Phytologia 4:23

Mitchell's sedge Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1],
S1-S2 G3-G4,
NYNHP: S1S2[2]

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 6,
2n = 66

NYFA: 4 counties
iNat: no RG observations
GBIF: Long Island

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IPN
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Subg. Carex > sect. Phacocystis >> C. aquatilis clade

[edit | edit source]
Carex aquatilis
The Carex aquatilis clade includes Carex aquatilis and Carex lenticularis (in its Panamerican Circumboreal subclade) and Carex emoryi (in its Western North American subclade).[1]
Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Phacocystis
Genus Carexsect. Phacocystisclade C. aquatilis Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Wahlenb.

1830. Vignea aquatilis (Wahlenb.) Rchb. in J.C.Mössler, Handb. Gewächsk., ed. 2
1840. Neskiza aquatilis (Wahlenb.) Raf. in Good Book:27
1870. Carex aquatilis var. genuina Syme in J.E.Smith, Engl. Bot., ed. 3
1909. Carex aquatilis Wahlenb. substricta Kük. in H.G.A.Engler, Pflanzenr.
1917. Carex substricta (Kük.) Mack. in P.A.Rydberg, Fl. Rocky Mts.:139

Water sedge
Leafy tussock sedge
Carex aquatique
Native, CoC: 9,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 32 counties
iNat: Nassau county
GBIF: present in NY

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Michx

1803. Carex lenticularis Michx. in Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2:172
1861. Carex lenticularis var. albimontana Dewey in A.Wood, Class-book Bot.:755
1861. Carex lenticularis var. blakei Dewey in A.Wood, Class-book Bot.:755
1894. Carex lenticularis var. merens Howe in Rep. Regents Univ. NYS Mus. 47:149

Lakeshore sedge
Lake shore sedge
Shore sedge
Lenticular sedge
Lens-fruited sedge
Lens sedge
Lenticular-achene sedge
Tufted sedge
Carex lenticulaire
Native, CoC: 7,
Vulnerable,
SNR, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 7 counties
iNat: St. Lawrence
GBIF: 2 counties

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Dewey ex Torr.

1859. Carex emoryi Dewey in W.H.Emory, Rep. U.S. Mex. Bound. 2(1):230
1876. Carex virginiana var. elongata Boeckeler in Linnaea 40: 432
1886. Carex stricta var. emoryi L.H.Bailey in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts
1889. Carex variabilis var. elatior L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 1:19
1900. Carex variabilis var. altior Rydb. in Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1:76
1904. Carex millegrana T.Holm in Amer. J. Sci., ser. 4, 17:311
1942. Carex aquatilis var. altior (Rydb.) Fernald in Rhodora 44:295
1952. Carex stricta var. elongata (Boeckeler) Gleason in Phytologia 4:22
1962. Carex aquatilis ssp. altior (Rydb.) Hultén in Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.

Emory's sedge
Riverbank sedge
Riverbank tussock sedge
Carex d'Emory
Native,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1],
NYNHP: S2[2]

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 72

NYFA: 4 counties
iNat: Erie County
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Carex > sect. Phacocystis >> C. bigelowii clade

[edit | edit source]
Carex stricta
The Carex bigelowii clade contains Carex stricta, Carex bigelowii, and Carex scopulorum.[1] Of these, Carex scopulorum is restricted to western North America, though it is considered to be closely related to Carex bigelowii.[2] and Carex bigelowii is a circumpolar, arctic-alpine species that, in New York, is restricted to the high peaks of the Adirondacks.[3]
Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Phacocystis
Genus Carexsect. Phacocystisclade C. bigelowii Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Lam.

1792. Carex stricta Lam. in Encycl. 3:387
1814. Carex littoralis Krock. in Fl. Siles. 3:163
1830. Vignea stricta (Lam.) Rchb. in J.C.Mössler, Handb. Gewächsk., ed. 2. 3:1624
1840. Diemisa stricta (Lam.) Raf. in Good Book:27
1845. Carex strictior Dewey ex Alph.Wood in Class-book Bot.:755
1866. Vignantha stricta (Lam.) Schur in Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 707

Tussock sedge
Upright sedge
Common tussock sedge
Hummock sedge
Stiff sedge
Carex raide
Native, CoC: 4,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 6,
2n = 66, 68

NYFA: 51 counties
iNat: 27 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Torr. ex Schwein.
 ssp. bigelowii

1824. Carex bigelowii Torr. ex Schwein. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 1:67
1836. Carex saxatilis var. bigelowii (Torr. ex Schwein.) Torr. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. NY
1840. Olotrema washingtoniana (Dewey) Raf. in Good Book: 25
1840. Neskiza saxatilis Raf. in Good Book: 27
1843. Carex rigida var. bigelowii (Torr. ex Schwein.) Tuck. in Enum. Meth. Caric.:19
1880. Carex drejeriana Lange in G.C.Oeder & al. (eds.), Fl. Dan.: t. 2975
1919. Carex hartzii Gand. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 66:296 (1920)
1935. Carex kamtschatica (Gorodkov) V.I.Krecz. in V.L.Komarov (ed.), Fl. URSS 3:226

Bigelow's sedge
Carex de Bigelow
Native, CoC: 10,
Threatened,
DEC-B[1],
S2, G5,
NYNHP: S2[2]

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: Clinton, Essex
iNat: Essex
GBIF: Clinton, Essex

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Subg. Carex > sect. Phacocystis >> Western Palearctic clade

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Carex nigra
The Western Palearctic clade contains ten species primarily distributed in Europe and western Asia, including Carex nigra,[1] which has been conjectured as being introduced in eastern North America.[2]
Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Phacocystis
Genus Carexsect. Phacocystisclade Western Palearctic Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
(L.) Reichard

1753. Carex acuta var. nigra L. in Sp. Pl.: 978
1778. Carex nigra (L.) Reichard in Fl. Moeno-Francof. 2:96
1780. Carex acuta ssp. nigra (L.) Ehrh. in Hannover. Mag. 18:233
1794. Carex cespitosa Gooden.
1845. Carex vulgaris Fr. Novit. Fl. Suec. Mant. 3:153

Smooth black sedge
Black sedge
Common sedge
Carex noir
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1],
NYNHP-1[2],
S1, G5

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 83, 84, 85

NYFA: Clinton, Dutchess
iNat: No NY observations
GBIF: no NY records

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Subg. Carex > Barrattii Clade

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Carex barrattii
VI.L.IS3. Barrattii Clade contains only Carex barrattii, which has traditionally been included in sect. Limosae (1/6) with similar-looking sedges. Carex barrattii has androgynous lateral spikes, as opposed to the pistillate lateral spikes of the other sedges of sect. Limosae.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Limosae contains about 6 species worldwide, all of which are found in North America North of Mexico.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Limosae
Genus Carexsect. Limosae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Torr. ex Schwein.

1824. Carex littoralis Schwein. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 1:70, nom. illeg.
1826. Carex barrattii Torr. ex Schwein. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 1:361
1840. Olamblis barrattii (Torr. ex Schwein.) Raf. in Good Book: 26
1850. Carex variegata Scheele in Linnaea 23:565
1858. Carex jacca J.Carey ex Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 1:69

Barratt's sedge Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1],
S1, G4,
NYNHP: S1[2]

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 4 counties
iNat: Nassau, Suffolk
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Carex > sect. Limosae

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Carex limosa
VI.L.1. Carex sect. Limosae (Heuffel) Meinsh., Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 18: 283. 1901.

Includes 4 of the 6 Carex traditional sect. Limosae species worldwide (C. limosa, C. magellanica, C. pluriflora, C. rariflora).[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Limosae contains about 6 species worldwide, all of which are found in North America North of Mexico.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Limosae[1]
Genus Carexsect. Limosae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

1753. Carex limosa L. in Sp. Pl.: 977
1787. Carex elegans Willd. in Fl. Berol. Prodr.:34
1821. Trasus limosus (L.) Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2:67 (1822)
1834. Carex laxa Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 26:376, nom. illeg.
1840. Facolos limosa (L.) Raf. in Good Book:26
1889. Carex glaucocarpa St.-Lag. in A.Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8, 2:856
1909. Carex limosa var. fuscocuprea Kük. in H.G.A.Engler, Pflanzenr.
1935. Carex fuscocuprea (Kük.) V.I.Krecz. in V.L.Komarov, Fl. URSS 3:599

Mud sedge
Bog sedge
Muck sedge
Shore sedge
Carex des bourbiers
Laîche des bourbiers
Laîche des tourbières
Native, CoC: 9,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 29 counties
iNat: 7 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Lam.
 ssp. irrigua (Wahlenb.) Hiitonen

1803. Carex paupercula Michx. in Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 172
1803. Carex limosa ssp. irrigua Wahlenb. in Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 24:162
1812. Carex limosa var. irrigata Wahlenb. in Fl. Lapp.: 243
1820. Carex limosa var. irrigua (Wahlenb.) Hartm. in Handb. Skand. Fl.:37
1826. Carex irrigua (Wahlenb.) Sm. ex Hoppe in Caricolog. Germ.: t. 72
1888. Carex magellanica var. irrigua (Wahlenb.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb. in Prelim. Cat.
1901. Carex gentiliana H.Lév. in Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot., sér. 3, 10: 221
1906. Carex paupercula var. irrigua (Wahlenb.) Fernald in Rhodora 8:76
1933. Carex magellanica ssp. irrigua (Wahlenb.) Hiitonen in Suom. Kasvio (Otava):161
1961. Carex paupercula ssp. irrigua (Wahlenb.) Á.Löve & D.Löve in Bot. Not. 114: 50

Boreal bog sedge
Bog sedge
Poor bog sedge
Tall bog sedge
Quaking bog sedge
Poor sedge
Stunted sedge
Carex chétif
Laîche inondée
Native, CoC: 10,
Likely secure,
S4, G5-T5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = ~60

NYFA: 20 counties
iNat: 3 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Carex > sect. Squarrosae

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Carex squarrosa
VI.L.3. Carex sect. Squarrosae J.Carey, Carices North. U.S., 564. 1847.

Includes parts of traditional sections Squarrosae (2/4) and Shortianae (1/1). The Global Carex Group (2021) placed C. shortiana, C. squarrosa and C. typhina in subg. Carex, sect. Squarrosae (VI.L.3). It placed the other two species, C. aureolensis and C. frankii in clade Hirta (VI.H.1).[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Squarrosae contains about 4 species worldwide, 4 of which are found in North America North of Mexico. Three of these, C. frankii, C. squarrosa, and C. typhina, are native to New York, while C. aureolensis is a southern US native.[2][3]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Shortianae contains the single species C. shortiana found in North America North of Mexico and Endangered in New York.[4]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Squarrosae
Genus Carexfna-sect. Squarrosae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

1753. Carex squarrosa L. in Sp. Pl.: 973
1824. Carex typhinoides Schwein. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 1:66
1826. Carex squarrosa var. typhinoides (Schwein.) Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 11:316
1830. Vignea squarrosa (L.) Rchb. in J.C.Mössler, Handb. Gewächsk., ed. 2. 3:1606
1896. Carex squarrosa f. robusta Peck in Rep. Regents Univ. NYS Mus. 48: 198

Squarrose sedge
Narrow-leaved cattail sedge
Spreading-beaked sedge
Carex squarreux
Native, CoC: 3,
Secure,
S5, G4-G5

OBL-FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 23 counties
iNat: 8 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Michx.

1803. Carex typhina Michx. in Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2:169
1818. Carex squarrosa var. typhina (Michx.) Nutt. in Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2:204

Cattail sedge
Cat-tail sedge
Common cattail sedge
Carex massette
Native, CoC: 9,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1],
S2, G5,
NYNHP: S2[2]

OBL-FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 15 counties
iNat: 8 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Genus Carexfna-sect. Shortianae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Dewey

1836. Carex shortiana Dewey & Torr. in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 30:60
1836. Carex shortii Torr. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 3:407
1840. Carex ohiotica Hochst. & Steud. in Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1:293
1860. Carex aporandra Kunze ex Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 2:92

Short's sedge
Carex de Short
Native, CoC: 5,
Endangered,
S1, G5,
NYNHP: S1[3]

FACW-FAC

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 6

NYFA: 4 counties
iNat: Kings County
GBIF: on Long Island

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Subg. Carex > Prasina Clade

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Carex prasina
VI.L.5. Prasina Clade contains a single species Carex prasina from traditional (FNA) Carex section Hymenochlaenae.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Hymenochlaenae contains about 50-60 (66) species worldwide, 20 of which are found in North America North of Mexico.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex — clade Prasina
Genus Carexfna-sect. Hymenochlaenae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Wahlenb.

1803. Carex prasina Wahlenb. in Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 24:161
1805. Carex miliacea Muhl. ex Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4: 290, nom. illeg.
1840. Olamblis miliacea Raf. in Good Book: 26
1855. Carex subcompressa Steud. in Syn. Pl. Glumac. 2: 221

Drooping sedge
Elegant drooping sedge
Droop sedge
Leek-green sedge
Carex vert poireau
Native, CoC: 8,
Secure,
S5, G4

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 60

NYFA: 49 counties
iNat: 11 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Carex > Incertae Sedis >> sect. Anomalae

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Carex scabrata
VI.M.IS1. Incertae Sedis contains 4 species clearly in the Molliculae-Castanea Clade but with uncertain placement therein. This includes 2 of the 16 species of traditional sect. Anomalae and 2 of the 15 sect. Molliculae species globally.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Anomalae contains about 20 species worldwide, 2 of which are found in North America North of Mexico. Carex amplifolia is native to western North America and Carex scabrata is native to the east, including New York State.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Anomalae
Genus Carexsect. Anomalae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
 Schwein.

Rough sedge Native,
Secure

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 5

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Subg. Carex > sect. Paludosae

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Carex acutiformis
VI.M.2. Carex sect. Paludosae G.Don in J. C. Loudon, Hort. Brit. 377. 1830.

This section worldwide contains about 23 species from traditional sects. Confertiflorae (15/19), Anomalae (4/16), Ischnostachyae (2/2), Carex (1/18), and Paludosae (1/32). The single species from traditional sect. Paludosae (Carex acutiformis) is also is type species, so the resulting section inherits the name Paludosae.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Paludosae contains about 35 (32) species worldwide, 14 of which are found in North America North of Mexico.[2][3]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Paludosae
Genus Carexfna-sect. Paludosae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Ehrh.

1789. Carex acutiformis Ehrh. in Beitr. Naturk. Verw. Wiss. 4:43
1923. Carex riparia var. acutiformis (Ehrh.) Fiori in Nuov. Fl. Italia 1:201

Lesser pond sedge Introduced,
Unknown naturalization,
SNA, GNR

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: Suffolk (1958)
iNat: No NY observations

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Subg. Carex > Vestita Clade

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Carex vestita
VI.M.3. Vestita Clade contains the 2 species C. vestita from traditional sect. Paludosae (1/32) and C. globularis from traditional sect. Acrocystis (1/51).[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Paludosae contains about 35 (32) species worldwide, 14 of which are found in North America North of Mexico.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex — clade Vestita
Genus Carexsect. Paludosae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Willd.

1805. Carex vestita Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:268
1840. Loxotrema vestita (Willd.) Raf. in Good Book: 25
1900. Carex vestita var. kennedyi Fernald in Rhodora 2:170

Velvet sedge
Velvety sedge
Clothed sedge
Native, CoC: 8,
Likely secure,
S4, G5

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 9 counties
iNat: Richmond, Saratoga, Suffolk

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Subg. Carex > sect. Scirpinae

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Carex scirpoidea ssp. pseudoscirpoidea
VI.M.4. Carex sect. Scirpinae (Tuck.) Kük., in H.G.A.Engler, Pflanzenr. 20[IV,38]: 81. 1909.

Contains all 3 species of traditional sect. Scirpinae worldwide.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Scirpinae contains about 3 species worldwide, 3 of which are found in North America North of Mexico.[2] Of these, only the endangered Carex scirpoidea ssp. scirpoidea is native to New York.


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Scirpinae
Genus Carexsect. Scirpinae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Michx.
 ssp. scirpoidea

1803. Carex scirpoidea Michx.in Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 171
1816. Carex wormskioldiana Hornem. in G.C.Oeder & al. (eds.), Fl. Dan.: t. 1528
1824. Carex michauxii Schwein. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 1:64
1840. Physiglochis wormskioldii Raf. in Good Book: 27
1841. Carex wormskioldii (Raf.) Drejer in Naturhist. Tidsskr. 3:440
1867. Carex scirpina Tuck. ex Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 4:150
1893. Carex scirpoides Sartwell in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 20:426, nom. illeg.
1908. Carex scirpiformis Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 35: 270
1924. Carex athabascensis F.J.Herm. in Leafl. W. Bot. 8:111
1941. Carex scirpoidea var. scirpiformis (Mack.) O'Neill & Duman in Rhodora 43:417
1948. Carex scirpoidea var. typica B.Boivin in Naturaliste Canad., not validly publ.

Canadian single-spike sedge
Canada single-spike sedge
Northern single-spike sedge
Single-spike sedge
Scirpus-like sedge
Rush-like sedge
Scirpus sedge
Bulrush Sedge
Carex faux-scirpe
Native,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1],
NYNHP-1[2]

NYFA: Essex County
iNat: Essex County

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Subg. Carex > Castanea Clade

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VI.M.6. Castanea Clade is a strongly supported clade from traditional sections Hymenochlaenae (31/66), Porocystis (11/11), Hirtifoliae (1/1), Paniceae (2/26), Fecundae (1/21), Hallerianae (2/7), Longicaules (7/7).[1]

Subg. Carex > Castanea Clade >> sect. Hymenochlaenae

[edit | edit source]
Carex gracillima
VI.M.6. Castanea Clade includes 31 of the 66 species globally of traditional Carex sect. Hymenochlaenae.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Hymenochlaenae contains about 60 (66) species worldwide, 20 of which are found in North America North of Mexico.[2]


Subg. Carex > Castanea Clade >> sect. Hymenochlaenae "Gracillimae"
[edit | edit source]
Carex gracillima
This group contains sedges of the "Gracillimae" group[1].
Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex — clade Castanea
Genus Carexfna-sect. Hymenochlaenae"Gracillimae" group Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Schwein.

1824. Carex gracillima Schwein. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. N.Y. 1:66
1840. Loxanisa gracillima (Schwein.) Raf. in Good Book: 26}}
1889. Carex gracillima f. humilis L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club
1889. Carex gracillima var. humilis (L.H.Bailey) L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club
1913. Carex gracillima var. macerrima Fernald & Wiegand in Rhodora 15:133

Graceful sedge
Purple-sheathed graceful sedge
Carex filiforme
Native, CoC: 3,
Secure,
S5, G5

FACU

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 4,
2n = 50, 52, 54

NYFA: 55 counties
iNat: 19 counties

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M.A.Curtis ex A.Gray

1842. Carex aestivalis M.A.Curtis ex A.Gray in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 42:28
1849. Carex darlingtonii Schwein. ex M.A.Curtis in Amer. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2, 7:410
1858. Carex tabularia M.A.Curtis ex Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 1:54
1871. Carex virescens var. aestivalis (M.A.Curtis ex A.Gray) Olney in Exsicc.

Summer sedge Native, CoC: 7,
Likely secure,
S4, G4

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 16 counties
iNat: 4 counties

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Mack.

Carex aestivalis ×
Carex gracillima

1910. Carex × aestivaliformis Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 37:238

False summer sedge
Hybrid of:
  Summer sedge
  Graceful sedge
Native,
Hybrid,
SNA, GNA

FAC

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: Albany, Nassau, Ulster

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Schwein. & Torr.

1824. Carex aristata Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 7:277), nom. illeg.
1826. Carex davisii Schwein. & Torr. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. NY 1:326
1826. Carex torreyana Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 10:47
1840. Loxotrema davisii (Schwein. & Torr.) Raf. in Good Book:25

Davis' sedge Native,
Threatened,
DEC-B[1],
NYNHP: S2[2]

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 2

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Handsome sedge Native,
Threatened,
DEC-B[1],
NYNHP: S2[3]

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 2

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Subg. Carex > Castanea Clade >> sect. Hymenochlaenae "Arctatae"
[edit | edit source]
Carex arctata
This group contains sedges of the "Sylvaticae" group[1], but it excludes the non-native Carex sylvatica itself, which is here included in VI.Q.3. Carex sect. Sylvaticae below.
Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex — clade Castanea
Genus Carexfna-sect. Hymenochlaenae"Sylvaticae" group Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Boott

1839. Carex arctata Boott in W.J.Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2:227
1826. Carex sylvatica Dewey in Amer.J.Sci.Arts 10:40, nom. illeg.
1888. Carex arctata var. faxonii L.H.Bailey in Bot. Gaz. 13:87

Drooping woodland sedge
Drooping wood sedge
Compressed sedge
Black sedge
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5, G5

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 5

NYFA: 44 counties
iNat: 4 counties

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Michx.
 var. rudgei L.H.Bailey

1804. Carex tenuis Rudge in Trans. Linn. Soc. London 7:97, nom. illeg.
1805. Carex flexuosa Muhl. ex Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:297}}
1889. Carex debilis var. rudgeiL.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 1:34
1889. Carex debilis var. strictior L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 1:34
1893. Carex debilis var. interjecta L.H.Bailey in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 20:418
1896. Carex tenuis var. interjecta (L.H.Bailey) Britton in N.L.Britton & A.Brown
1896. Carex tenuis var. erectior Britton in N.L.Britton & A.Brown
1935. Carex allegheniensis Mack. in N.L.Britton & al. (eds.), N. Amer. Fl. 18:291
1965. Carex debilis ssp. rudgei (L.H.Bailey) Á.Löve & D.Löve in Univ. Colorado Stud.

Rudge’s sedge
White-edged sedge
White-edge sedge
Weak sedge
Northern weak sedge
Southern weak sedge
Carex de Rudge
Native, CoC: 6,
Secure,
S5, G5-T5

FACW-FAC

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 40 counties
iNat: Chautauqua (2018)

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Michx.
 var. debilis

1803. Carex debilis Michx. in Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2:172
1867. Carex debilis var. pubera A.Gray in Manual, ed. 5:593
1886. Carex debilis var. prolixa L.H.Bailey in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts
1942. Carex debilis var. typica Fernald in Rhodora 44:310
1942. Carex debilis var. intercursa Fernald in Rhodora 44:307
1965. Carex debilis ssp. pubera (A.Gray) Á.Löve & D.Löve

White-edged sedge
Weak sedge
Slender-stalked sedge
Carex débile
Carex faible
Native, CoC: 8,
Threatened,
DEC-B[1],
S2, G5-T5

FACW-FAC

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 4 counties
iNat: 2 counties

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Wahlenb.

1803. Carex castanea Wahlenb. in Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 24:155
1804. Carex flexilis Rudge in Trans. Linn. Soc. London 7:98
1835. Carex blepharophora A.Gray in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. NY 3:235
1840. Loxotrema castanea (Wahlenb.) Raf. in Good Book: 25

Chestnut-colored sedge
Chestnut sedge
Native, CoC: 7,
Likely secure,
S4, G5

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 44, 64

NYFA: 15 counties

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Dark-green sedge Native,
Endangered,
DEC-A[2]

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 1

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Dewey

Carex arctata ×
Carex castanea

1846. Carex × knieskernii Dewey in J. Sci. Arts 32: 247
1935. Carex castanea var. knieskernii (Dewey) Mack. in N.L.Britton & al.

Knieskern’s sedge
Hybrid of:
  Drooping woodland sedge
  Chestnut-colored sedge
Native,
Unranked

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: Essex, Oneida
iNat: No NY observations

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Subg. Carex > Castanea Clade >> sect. Porocystis

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Carex pallescens
VI.M.6. Castanea Clade includes all 11 species of traditional section Porocystis.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Porocystis contains 10 (11) species worldwide, 8 of which are found in North America North of Mexico, and 6 in New York.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex — clade Castanea
Genus Carexfna-sect. Porocystis Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

1753. Carex pallescens L. in Sp. Pl.:977
1796. Carex pallida Salisb. in Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 29, nom. illeg.
1821. Trasus pallescens (L.) Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 69 (1822)
1840. Carex undulata Kunze in Suppl. Riedgräs.:23
1866. Carex leucantha Schur in Enum. Pl. Transsilv.:714
1895. Carex microstoma Franch. in Bull. Annuel Soc. Philom. Paris, sér. 8, 7:48
1896. Carex tymphaea Formánek in Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 34:279
1935. Carex chalcodeta V.I.Krecz. in V.L.Komarov (ed.), Fl. URSS 3:604

Pale sedge
Pale green sedge
Pale meadow sedge
Carex pâle
Laiche pâle
Native, CoC: 1,
Secure,
S5, G5

FACW-FAC

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 9,
2n = 70

NYFA: 50 counties
iNat: 19 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Mack.

1803. Carex triceps Michx. in Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2:170, nom. illeg.
1805. Carex hirsuta Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:252, nom. illeg.
1826. Carex viridula Schwein. & Torr. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. NY 1:320, nom. illeg.
1840. Olamblis hirsuta Raf. in Good Book: 26
1889. Carex triceps var. hirsuta (Raf.) L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 1:35
1923. Carex hirsutella Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 50: 349
 Non Carex complanata Torr. & Hook. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. N.Y. 3:408 (1836)
1939. Carex complanata ssp. hirsutella (Mack.) R.T.Clausen in Torreya 39:3
1952. Carex complanata var. hirsuta (Raf.) Gleason in Phytologia 4:22

Hairy-leaved sedge
Hirsute sedge
Fuzzy wuzzy sedge
Fuzzy sedge
Hairy green sedge
Smooth-fruited hirsute sedge
Slightly hirsute sedge
Downy sedge
Carex hirsute
Native, CoC: 2,
Secure,
S5, G5

FACU

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 7,
2n = 52

NYFA: 31 counties
iNat: 5 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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(Fernald) Mack.

1906. Carex virescens var. swanii Fernald in Rhodora 8:183
1910. Carex swanii (Fernald) Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 37:246

Swan's sedge
Swan sedge
Downy green sedge
Carex de Swan
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5, G7

FACU

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 5,
2n = 54

NYFA: 49 counties
iNat: 23 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Muhl. ex Willd.

1805. Carex virescens Muhl. ex Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:251
1824. Carex costata Schwein. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. NY 1:67, nom. illeg.
1825. Carex virescens var. costata Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 9:260
1840. Olamblis virescens (Muhl. ex Willd.) Raf. in Good Book:26
1930. Carex virescens var. enormis Farw. in Amer. Midl. Naturalist 12:51

Ribbed sedge
Slender green sedge
Carex virescent
Native, CoC: 8,
Secure,
S5, G5

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 6,
2n = 60

NYFA: 42 counties
iNat: 12 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Mack.

1860. Carex hirsuta var. cuspidata Dewey in A.Wood, Class-book Bot.:758
1910. Carex bushii Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 37:241
1954 Carex caroliniana var. cuspidata (Dewey) Shinners in Field & Lab. 22:30

Bush's sedge Native, CoC: 2,
Vulnerable,
S3, G4

FAC-FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 8,
2n = 64

NYFA: 15 counties
iNat: 5 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Schwein.

1824. Carex caroliniana Schwein. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 1:67

Carolina sedge Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
NYNHP-1[1],
S1, G5

FAC-FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 5,
2n = 48

NYFA: Cattaraugus, Queens
iNat: No NY observations
GBIF: Long Island

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Subg. Carex > Castanea Clade >> sect. Hirtifoliae

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Carex hirtifolia
VI.M.6. Castanea Clade includes the monotypic traditional section Hirtifoliae.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Hirtifoliae contains a single species worldwide. It is found in North America North of Mexico, including in New York State.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex — clade Castanea
Genus Carexfna-sect. Hirtifoliae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Mack.

 Non Carex pubescens Poir. in Voy. Barbarie 2:254 (1789)
 Non Carex pubescens Gilib. in Exerc. Phyt. 2:547 (1792), opus utique oppr.
1805. Carex pubescens Muhl. ex Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:281, nom. illeg.
1840. Diemisa pubescens Raf. in Good Book: 27
1840. Edritria pubescens Raf. in Good Book: 26
1910. Carex hirtifolia Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 37:244

Pubescent sedge
Hairy sedge
Hairy wood sedge
Hairy-leaved sedge
Carex à feuilles poilues
Native, CoC: 5,
Likely secure,
S4, G5

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 4,
2n = 50

NYFA: 30 counties
iNat: 7 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Carex > Castanea Clade >> sect. Paniceae

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Carex polymorpha in New Jersey
VI.M.6. Castanea Clade includes 2 species (C. californica and C. polymorpha) of about 26 species of traditional section Paniceae.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Paniceae contains about 14 (26) species worldwide, 10 of which are found in North America North of Mexico, and 7 of which are listed in New York.[2] Of these, only C. polymorpha is listed in the Castanea Clade.


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex — clade Castanea
Genus Carexfna-sect. Paniceae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Muhl.

1817. Carex polymorpha Muhl. in Descr. Gram.:239
1826. Carex halseyana Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 11:313
1829. Carex halseyi Eaton in Man. Bot., ed. 5:157
1840. Loxotrema halseyana (Dewey) Raf. in Good Book:25
1858. Carex striata Torr. ex Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 1:22, nom. illeg.

Variable sedge Native, CoC: 10,
Extirpated,
NYNHP-X[1],
SX, G3

FACU

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 5,
2n = ?

NYFA: Nassau (1904-27), Queens (1914-26),
Suffolk (1929)

iNat: No NY observations
GBIF: Long Island

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Subg. Carex > Castanea Clade >> intersectional hybrids

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VI.M.6. Castanea Clade is a strongly supported clade from traditional sections Hymenochlaenae (31/66), Porocystis (11/11), Hirtifoliae (1/1), Paniceae (2/26), Fecundae (1/21), Hallerianae (2/7), Longicaules (7/7).[1]
Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex — clade Castanea
Genus Carexsect. Hymenochlaenae × Porocystis Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT

Carex gracillima (Hymenochlaenae) ×
Carex hirsutella (Porocystis)

Hybrid graceful and smooth-fruited hirsute sedge

Native,
Hybrid

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: Putnam (1825)

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Carex gracillima (Hymenochlaenae) ×
Carex swanii (Porocystis)

Hybrid graceful and Swan’s sedge

Native,
Hybrid

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: Nassau (19??)

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Genus Carexsect. Hymenochlaenae × Hirtifoliae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT

Carex gracillima (Hymenochlaenae) ×
Carex hirtifolia (Hirtifoliae)

Sullivant’s sedge
Hybrid graceful and pubescent sedge

Native,
Hybrid

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: Rensselaer (1891), Westchester (1890)

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Subg. Carex > sect. Griseae

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VI.N.3. Carex sect. Griseae (L.H.Bailey) Kük., in H.G.A.Engler, Pflanzenr. 20[IV,38]: 516. 1909.

Contains the traditional sections Granulares (6/6), Griseae (21/21), and Careyanae (8/12) because these sections were said to be phylogenetically entangled and morphologically very similar. All members of the expanded sect. Griseae share lateral spikes in which the perigynia have a face (instead of an angle) opposite to the axis of the spike, chlorenchyma with scattered pigment cells, and perigynia with many nerves (40–60 in most species).

[1]


Subg. Carex > sect. Griseae >> sect. Granulares

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Carex granularis
limestone meadow sedge
VI.N.3. Carex sect. Griseae includes all of the 6 global species of traditional sect. Granulares, which traditionally included sedges with inflated perigynia with plane or raised nerves.[1]

Four of the 6 species of traditional (FNA) Carex section Granulares are found in North America North of Mexico. Two of these species are listed in New York State.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Griseae
Genus Carexfna-sect. Granulares Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT

1805. Carex granularis Muhl. ex Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:279
1840. Deweya granularis (Muhl. ex Willd.) Raf. in Good Book:26
1855. Carex chalaros Steud. in Syn. Pl. Glumac. 2:231
1860. Carex granularis var. recta Dewey ex Alph.Wood in Class-book Bot.:763
1871. Carex haleana Olney in Car. Bor. Am.:6
1896. Carex granularis var. shriveri Britton in N.L.Britton & A.Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S.
1901. Carex shriveri (Britton) Britton in Man. Fl. N. States: 208
1935. Carex rectior Mack. in N.L.Britton & al. (eds.), N. Amer. Fl. 18:261

Limestone meadow sedge
Carex granuleux
Native, CoC: 2,
Secure,
S5, G5-T5

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 5,
2n = 36, 38, 40, 42

NYFA: 47 counties
iNat: 21 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Dewey ex Torr.

1843. Carex crawei Dewey ex Torr. in Fl. New York 2:408
1866. Carex crawei var. heterostachya Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2, 42:4

Crawe's sedge
Carex de Crawe
Native, CoC: 8,
Threatened,
DEC-B[1],
S2, G5,
NYNHP: S2[2]

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 9,
2n = 38, 59, 60

NYFA: 6 counties
iNat: 3 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Carex > sect. Griseae >> sect. Careyanae

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Carex plantaginea
VI.N.3. Carex sect. Griseae includes 8 of about 12 species of traditional sect. Careyanae globally. Careyanae traditionally included species with more sharply-triangular perigynia cross-sections.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Careyanae contains about 8 (12) species worldwide, 8 of which are found in North America North of Mexico. Seven of these species (all but Carex austrocaroliniana) are listed in New York State.[2]

Leaves of sedges in sect. Careyanae are often over 1 cm. wide and perigynia are sharply trigonous in cross section.[3]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Griseae
Genus Carexfna-sect. Careyanaewith purplish basal sheaths Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Lam.

1792. Carex plantaginea Lam. in Encycl. 3: 392
1794. Carex latifolia Moench in Methodus: 324, nom. illeg.
1840. Deweya plantaginea (Lam.) Raf. in Good Book: 26
1840. Anithista latifolia (Moench) Raf. in Good Book: 26

Plantain-leaved sedge
Plantainleaf sedge
Seersucker sedge
Carex plantain
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5, G5

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 2,
2n = 50, 52

NYFA: 44 counties
iNat: 48 counties

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Torr. ex Dewey

1836. Carex careyana Torr. ex Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 30: 60
1846. Carex heterostachya Torr. in Amer. J. Sci. Arts, ser. 2, nom. illeg.

Carey's sedge
Carey's wood sedge
Carex de Carey
Native, CoC: 8,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1],
S1-S2, G4-G5,
NYNHP: S1-S2[2]

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 2,
2n = 68 (n = 34)

NYFA: 10 counties
iNat: 5 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Genus Carexfna-sect. Careyanaewith brownish basal sheaths Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
J.Carey

1847. Carex platyphylla J.Carey
1909. Carex platyphylla var. longipedunculata Kük. in H.G.A.Engler, Pflanzenr. IV

Broad-leaved sedge
Broadleaf sedge
Thicket sedge
Carex à larges feuilles
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 3,
2n = 68, 70
n=32+(3),33+(3),33+(4)

NYFA: 38 counties
iNat: 32 counties

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Willd.
 var. digitalis

1805. Carex digitalis Willd.
1840. Edritria digitalis (Willd.) Raf.

Slender woodland sedge
Slender wood sedge
Narrow-leaved wood sedge
Carex digital
Native, CoC: 5,
Secure

FACU-UPL

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 51 counties
iNat: 8 counties

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Schwein.
 var. laxiculmis

1824. Carex laxiculmis Schwein.
1942. Carex absconditiformis Fernald
1942. Carex × absconditiformis Fernald
1845. Carex retrocurva Dewey

Spreading sedge
Weak-stemmed wood sedge
Carex à tiges faibles
Native, CoC: 5,
Secure,
S5, G5,
Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 44, 46

NYFA: 36 counties
iNat: 7 counties

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 var. copulata (L.H.Bailey) Fernald

1886. Carex retrocurva var. copulata L.H.Bailey in Prelim. Syn. N. Amer. Carices
1889. Carex digitalis var. copulata (L.H.Bailey) L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club
1906. Carex laxiculmis var. copulata (L.H.Bailey) Fernald in Rhodora
1932. Carex copulata (L.H.Bailey) Mack. in P.A.Rydberg, Fl. Plains N. Amer.

Bright-green spreading sedge
Coupled sedge
Spreading sedge
Carex accouplé
Native, CoC: 7,
Likely secure,
S4, G5-T3-T5

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 5 counties
iNat: No RG NY observations
GBIF: present in NY

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Mack.

1855. Carex ptychocarpa Steudel in Syn. Pl. Glumac. 2: 234, nom. illeg.
1910. Carex abscondita Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 37: 244
1913. Carex magnifolia Mack. in J.K.Small, Fl. S.E. U.S., ed. 2:1325
1935. Carex abscondita var. glauca (Chapm.) Fernald in Rhodora 37:406

Thicket sedge
Concealed sedge
Native,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1],
S1, G4-G5,
NYNHP: 1[3]

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 3,
n = 24

NYFA: 9 counties
iNat: Richmond, Suffolk
GBIF: present in NY

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Hybrid of
 Slender woodland sedge &
 Spreading sedge
Native,
Hybrid,
SNA, GNA

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: Westchester 1891

FNA
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Subg. Carex > sect. Griseae >> sect. Griseae

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Carex glaucodea
VI.N.3. Carex sect. Griseae includes all of the 21 global species of traditional sect. Griseae.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Griseae contains about 21 (21) species worldwide, 20 of which are found in North America North of Mexico. Six of these sedges are listed in New York.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Griseae
Genus Carexsect. Griseae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Wahlenb.

1803. Carex grisea Wahlenb. in Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 24:154
1913. Manochlaenia grisea (Wahlenb.) Fedde & J.Schust. in Just's (1918)
1942. Carex amphibola var. turgida Fernald in Rhodora 44:311
1957. Carex turgida (Fernald) J.W.Moore in Rhodora 59:8

Inflated narrow-leaved sedge
Inflated narrow-leaf sedge
Inflated narrowleaf sedge
Eastern narrow-leaved sedge
Narrow-leaved sedge
Gray sedge
Grey sedge
Grey wood sedge
Carex gris
Native, CoC: 5,
Secure,
S5, G5

FAC-FACU

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 5

NYFA: 37 counties
iNat: 10 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Willd.

1805. Carex conoidea Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:280
1824. Carex granularioides Schwein. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. NY 1:69
1826. Carex tetanica Schwein. & Torr. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. NY 1:347, nom. illeg.
1847. Carex illinoensis Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts, ser.2, 4:245
1901. Carex katahdinensis Fernald in Rhodora 3:171
1967. Carex conoidea f. katahdinensis (Fernald) B.Boivin in Naturaliste Canad.

Open-field sedge
Openfield sedge
Field sedge
Ancient Prairie Sedge
Prairie Gray Sedge
Carex conoïde
Native, CoC: 2,
Secure,
S5

FACW-FACU

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 9

NYFA: 26 counites
iNat: 3 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Willd.

1805. Carex oligocarpa Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:279
1824. Carex vleckii Schwein. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 1:69
1840. Deweya oligocarpa (Willd.) Raf. in Good Book: 25
1840. Olotrema oligocarpa (Willd.) Raf. in Good Book: 26
1843. Carex oligocarpa var. major Torr. in Fl. New York 2:406
1855. Carex subuniflora Steud. in Syn. Pl. Glumac. 2:234
1858. Carex oligocarpa var. minor Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 1:40

Eastern few-fruited sedge
Eastern few-fruit sedge
Richwoods sedge
Rich woods sedge
Few-fruited gray sedge
Few-fruited sedge
Carex à fruits clairsemés
Native, CoC: 7,
Likely secure,
S4, G4

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 4

NYFA: 17 counties
iNat: 2 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Dewey

1826. Carex hitchcockiana Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 10:274
1829. Carex hitchcockii Eaton in Man. Bot., ed. 5:158
1840. Loxotrema hitchcockiana (Dewey) Raf. in Good Book: 25
1877. Carex oligocarpa var. hitchcockiana (Dewey) Boeckeler in Linnaea 41:149
1896. Carex hitchcockiana var. triflora Peck in Rep. Regents Univ. State NYS Mus.

Hitchcock's sedge
Hairy grey sedge
Hairy wood sedge
Carex de Hitchcock
Native, CoC: 8,
Rare,
SNR, G5

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 2

NYFA: 25 counties
iNat: 6 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Tuck. ex Olney

1868. Carex glaucodea Tuck. ex Olney in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7:395
1909. Carex flaccosperma var. glaucodea (Tuck. ex Olney) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler

Blue sedge
Flaccid sedge
Glaucescent sedge
Carex bleuâtre
Native, CoC: 6,
Threatened,
DEC-B[1],
S2

FAC

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 11 counties
iNat: 4 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Steud.

1824. Carex laxiflora Elliott in Sketch Bot. S.Carolina 2:549, nom. illeg.
1855. Carex amphibola Steud. in Syn. Pl. Glumac. 2:234
1873. Carex grisea var. minor Olney in E.Hall, Pl. Tex.:25
1909. Carex grisea var. amphibola (Steud.) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler

Eastern narrow-leaved sedge
Narrow-leaved sedge
Amphibious sedge
Gray sedge
Carex amphibole
Native, CoC: 6,
Endangered,
DEC-A[2],
S3, G5-T4Q

FAC

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: 25 counties

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Subg. Carex > sect. Collinsiae

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Carex colinsii
VI.N.4. Carex sect. Collinsiae contains morphologically distinct Carex collinsii.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Collinsiae contains a single species (Carex collinsii) found along the east coast of the United States as far north as New York State, where it is listed as Endangered.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Collinsiae
Genus Carexsect. Collinsiae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Nutt.

1803. Carex subulata Michx. in Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 173, nom. illeg.
1818. Carex collinsii Nutt. in Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 205
1826. Carex michauxii Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 10: 273, nom. illeg.
1840. Olotrema collinsii (Nutt.) Raf. in Good Book: 25

Collins' sedge
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
DEC-A[1],
NYNHP-1 [2],
S1, G4

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 3

NYFA: 3 counties
iNat: Suffolk County
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Carex > sect. Chlorostachyae

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Carex capillaris
VI.P. Carex sect. Chlorostachyae Tuck. ex Meinsh., Trudy Imp. S.-Petersburgsk. Bot. Sada 18: 283. 1901.

Contains most (13/15) of traditional sect. Chlorostachyae. Two species were placed in VI.A.3. Indica Clade.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Chlorostachyae contains about 8 (15) species worldwide, 3 of which are found in North America North of Mexico.[2]

iNaturalist places this group in Subg. Carex > Sect. Chlorostachyae.


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Chlorostachyae[1]
Genus Carexsect. Chlorostachyae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.
 ssp. capillaris

1753. Carex capillaris L. in Sp. Pl.:977
1798. Carex pendula Geners. in Elench.: 871, nom. illeg.
1811. Carex plena Clairv. in Man. Herbor. Suisse: 292, nom. superfl.
1840. Loxotrema capillaris (L.) Raf. in Good Book: 25
1964. Carex fuscidula V.I.Krecz. ex T.V.Egorova
1999. Carex tiogana D.W.Taylor & J.D.Mastrog. in Novon 9:120

Hair-like sedge
Hair sedge
Carex capillaire
Native, CoC: 10,
Endangered,
DEC-A[2],
NYNHP-1[3],
S1, G5

FACW

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 54

NYFA: Cortland, Hamilton
iNat: Hamilton (2020)
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Carex > sect. Rostrales

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Carex folliculata
VI.Q.2. Carex sect. Rostrales Meinsh., Trudy Imp. S.-Petersburgsk. Bot. Sada 18: 283. 1901.

Contains all 5 global species of traditional sect. Rostrales, which are characterized by the relatively lax, few-flowered pistillate spikes with spreading, long and slender perigynia, tapering to a beak, loosely enclosing the nutlet.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Rostrales contains 5 species worldwide, 4 of which are found in North America North of Mexico,[2][3] and 2 of which are listed in New York State.[4]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Rostrales
Genus Carexsect. Rostrales Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

1753. Carex folliculata L. in Sp. Pl.:978
1766. Carex folliculacea Crantz in Inst. Rei Herb. 1:405
1803. Carex xanthophysa Wahlenb. in Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 24:152
1817. Carex folliculata var. xanthophysa (Wahlenb.) Muhl. in Descr. Gram.:
1896. Carex folliculata var. bispicata Peck Rep. Regents Univ. NYS Mus.

Long sedge
Northern long sedge
Follicle Sedge
Carex folliculé
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5, G4-G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 5,
2n = 56

NYFA: 30 counties
iNat: 18 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Boeckeler

1803. Carex rostrata Michx. in Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2:173 (1803), nom. illeg.
1828. Carex xanthophysa var. minor Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 14:353
1828. Carex xanthophysa var. nana Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 14:353
1877. Carex michauxiana Boeckeler in Linnaea 41: 336
1893. Carex abacta L.H.Bailey in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 20: 427

Michaux's sedge
Carex de Michaux
Native, CoC: 10,
Likely secure,
S4, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 9

NYFA: 11 counties
iNat: 4 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Carex > sect. Spirostachyae

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Carex extensa
VI.Q.4. Carex sect. Spirostachyae Drej. ex L.H.Bailey, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts Sci. 22: 109. 1887.

Contains all 47 global species of traditional sect. Spirostachyae.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Spirostachyae contains about 15 (47) Eurasian species, 3 of which have been introduced to North America North of Mexico.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Spirostachyae
Genus Carexsect. Spirostachyae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Gooden.

1794. Carex extensa Gooden. Trans. Linn. Soc. London 2: 175
1821. Trasus extensus (Gooden.) Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2:61

Long-bracted sedge
Longbract sedge
Introduced from
 Eurasia,
Potentially invasive,
iMapInvasives

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 60 (Eu.)

NYFA: Kings, Nassau, Queeens
iNat: Kings, Nassau, Queeens
GBIF: Long Island

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Subg. Carex > sect. Sylvaticae

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Carex sylvatica
VI.Q.5. Carex sect. Sylvaticae Rouy, Fl. Fr. 13: 470. 1912.

Contains about 6 species worldwide, including Carex sylvatica, [1] which is listed as introduced in New York State.

The Flora of North America includes Carex sylvatica in sect. Hymenochlaenae.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Sylvaticae
Genus Carexfna-sect. Hymenochlaenae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Huds.
 ssp. sylvatica

1762. Carex sylvatica Huds. in Fl. Angl.: 353
1771. Carex patula Scop. in Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 2: 226
1780. Carex vesicaria ssp. sylvatica Ehrh. in Hannover. Mag. 18: 233, nom. nud.
1782. Carex drymeia L.f. in Suppl. Pl.: 414
1802. Carex emarcida Suter in Helvet. Fl. 2: 263
1821. Trasus sylvaticus (Huds.) Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 65 (1822)
1840. Edritria sylvatica (Huds.) Raf. in Good Book: 26 (1840)}}
1913. Proteocarpus sylvaticus (Huds.) Fedde & J.Schust. in Just's (1918)

European woodland sedge
Woodland sedge
Wood sedge
Carex des bois
Laîche des bois
Laiche des forêts
Introduced,
Potentially invasive,
SNA

FACU

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 58 (in Europe)

NYFA: 5 counties
iNat: 3 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Carex > sect. Ceratocystis

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Carex flava
VI.Q.8. Carex sect. Ceratocystis Dumort., Fl. Belg. 147. 1827.

Contains all 16 global species of traditional sect. Ceratocystis.[1]

Section Ceratocystis contains similar yellow, green, and small yellow sedges with short stalkless cylindrical spikelets.

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Ceratocystis contains about 7 (16) species worldwide, 5 of which are found in North America North of Mexico, 3 of which are found in New York.[2][3]


Carex sect. Ceratocystis[1][2] Spikelet shape Spikelet diameter Perigynia length Perigynia mature color Scale & tip color Beak shape Beak texture, length Leaf width
Carex flava subglobose 8 - 15 mm 4.0 - 6.3 mm yellowish red-brown recurved-falcate scabrous 2 - 5 mm
Carex viridula oblong 8 mm 2.2 - 3.3 mm greenish about straight much shorter than body
Carex cryptolepis subglobose 8 - 15 mm 3.2 - 4.8 mm yellowish yellow-green recurved-falcate smooth 1-3 mm
  1. Michael Hough (2019). "Ceratocystis." Flora of Cortland and Onondaga Counties, New York, p. 100.
  2. Jerry Jenkins (2019). Sedges of the Northern Forest - A Digital Atlas Northern Forest Atlas Project. Version 1.3, 21 February 2019, p. 45.
Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Ceratocystis
Genus Carexsect. Ceratocystis Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

1753. Carex flava L. in Sp. Pl.: 975
1779. Carex echinata Lam. in Fl. Franç. 2:177, nom. illeg.}}
1821. Trasus flavus (L.) Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 60 (1822)
1840. Anithista flava (L.) Raf. in Good Book: 26}}
1896. Carex flava var. fertilis Peck in Rep. (Annual) Regents N.Y.S Mus. 48: 197
1913. Proteocarpus flavus (L.) Fedde & J.Schust. in Just's Bot. Jahresber. 41(2):11
1935. Carex laxior (Kük.) Mack. in N.L.Britton & al. (eds.), N. Amer. Fl. 18: 306
1935. Carex oederi var. microcarpa Font Quer in Bol. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 35:140
1952. Carex flava var. laxior (Kük.) Gleason in Phytologia 4:22

Large yellow sedge
Yellow sedge
Yellow-green sedge
Carex jaune
Laîche jaunâtre
Native, CoC: 4,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 8,
2n = 60

NYFA: 44 counties
iNat: 21 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Michx.
 var. viridula

1768. Carex divisa Oeder in G.C.Oeder & al. (eds.), Fl. Dan.: t. 371, sensu auct.
1779. Carex oederi Retz. in Fl. Scand. Prodr.: 179
1803. Carex viridula Michx. in Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2:170
1805. Carex flava var. oederi (Retz.) DC. in 'J.B.A.M.de Lamarck & A.P.de Candolle
1821. Trasus oederi (Retz.) Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2:60 (1822)
1840. Edritria viridula (Michx.) Raf. in Good Book: 26
1840. Onkerma oederi (Retz.) Raf. in Good Book: 27
1870. Carex flava ssp. oederi (Retz.) Syme in J.E.Smith, Engl. Bot., nom. superfl.
1889. Carex flava var. viridula (Michx.) L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 1: 31
1925. Carex cryptolepis var. prolifera (H.B.Lord) House in Bull. N.Y.S. Mus. Nat. Hist. 266:26
1935. Carex chlorophila Mack. in N.L.Britton & al. (eds.), N. Amer. Fl. 18: 304

Green sedge
Little green sedge
Greenish sedge
Carex verdâtre
Native, CoC: 5,
Secure,
S5, G5

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 8,
2n = 70, 72

NYFA: 21 counties
iNat: 6 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Mack.

1914. Carex cryptolepis Mack. in Torreya 14:157

Northeastern sedge
Small yellow sedge
Yellow Sedge
Hidden-Scale Sedge
Carex à écailles cachées
Native, CoC: 8,
Rare,
S3, G4

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 7,
2n = 64

NYFA: 29 counties
iNat: Hamilton, St. Lawr.
GBIF: present in NY

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Carex flava ×
Carex viridula

1894. Carex × mixta Corb. in Nouv. Fl. Normandie: 607, nom. illeg.
1933. Carex × subviridula Fernald in Rhodora 35: 231
2007. Carex × alsatica ssp. subviridula (Fernald) Govaerts in R.H.A.Govaerts & D.A.Simpson

Somewhat green sedge Native,
Hybrid,
SNA, GNA

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: Chemung (1940)

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Carex cryptolepis ×
Carex viridula

1989. Carex cryptolepis × viridula

Hybrid of
 Northeastern sedge &
 Little green sedge
Native,
Unranked,
SNA. GNA

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: Essex 1945

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Carex cryptolepis ×
Carex flava

1989. Carex cryptolepis × flava

Hybrid of
 Northeastern sedge &
 Yellow sedge
Native,
Unranked

OBL

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: Lewis (2017)

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Subg. Carex > sect. Hymenochlaenae

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Carex cherokeensis
VI.S. Carex sect. Hymenochlaenae (Drejer) L.H.Bailey, in J.M.Coulter, Man. Bot. Rocky Mt. 379. 1885.

Contains 8 of 65 traditional sect. Hymenochlaenae species globally, including Carex cherokeensis, C. fokienensis, C. hubbardii, C. iynx, C. longebrachiata, C. metallica, C. obispoensis, C. tunimanensis.[1]

The traditional (FNA) sect. Hymenochlaenae contains 20 North American Carex species.[2] Of these, only the southeastern Carex cherokeensis and endemic Californian Carex obispoensis remain in the newly delineated sect. Hymenochlaenae. Most of the rest are now in the Castanea Clade above.

A single casual observation of cultivated and labeled Carex cherokeensis (Cherokee Sedge) at the Brooklyn Botanic Garden, New York in 2023 has been posted to iNaturalist[3] The nearest research-grade iNaturalist observation appears to be in Kentucky.[4]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Hymenochlaenae
Genus Carexfna-sect. Hymenochlaenae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Schwein.

1817. Carex recurva Muhl. in Descr. Gram.: 55, nom. illeg.
1826. Carex cherokeensis Schwein. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 1:369
1840. Edritria recurva Raf. in Good Book: 26
1847. Carex christyana Boott in Boston J. Nat. Hist. 5:114
1855. Carex baazasana Steud. in Syn. Pl. Glumac. 2:236
1856. Carex brazatana Boeckeler in Flora 39:321

Cherokee sedge
Wolftail sedge
N. America native,
Cultivated in NY

Perennial,
Graminoid

iNat: no RG observations
GBIF: not in NY

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Subg. Carex > Concinna Clade >> sect. Clandestinae

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Carex richardsonii
VI.V. Concinna Clade contains 3 North American species of the approximately 46 global species of traditional sect. Clandestinae (C. concinna, C. concinnoides, and C. richardsonii). C. concinnoides is remarkable for being the only known sedge with 4 stigmas.[1]

The traditional (FNA) sect. Clandestinae contains 4 North American Carex species (C. concinna, C. concinnoides, C. pedunculata, and C. richardsonii).[2] Of these, C. richardsonii appears to be extirpated from New York State, and C. pedunculata was moved to sect. Pictae.


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Clandestinae
Genus Carexsect. Clandestinae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
R.Br.

1823. Carex richardsonii R.Br. in J.Franklin, Narr. Journey Polar Sea: 751
1942. Carex richardsonii R.Br. exserta Fernald in Rhodora 44: 290

Richardson's sedge
Prairie hummock sedge
Carex de Richardson
Native, CoC: 10,
Extirpated,
SX, G4

UPL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 8,
2n = 52

NYFA: Monroe County
iNat: No NY observations
GBIF: None in NY

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Subg. Carex > sect. Acrocystis

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Carex communis
VI.W.3. Carex sect. Acrocystis Dumort., Fl. Belg. 147. 1827.

Contains about 39 of the 51 species globally of traditional Carex sect. Acrocystis.[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Acrocystis contains about 35 (51) species worldwide, 20 of which are found in North America North of Mexico, including about a dozen loosely- or densely-cespitose sedge species that are found in New York..[2][3]

Characteristics include narrow leaves, basal leaves with red bases, and beaked perigynia in short spikelets.[4]

Groups within Carex sect. Acrocystis used here are based on Roalson & Friar (2004).[5]

This section contains some of the smallest sedges in the Northeast.[6]

D.B. Poindexter (2019) recommended replacing the Carex section name Acrocystis Dumort. (1827) with Sphaeridiophorae Drejer ex L.H.Bailey (1885), using Carex pensylvanica Lam. (1792) as its lectotype instead of Carex montana L. (1755), which was also the lectotype of sect. Montanae (Carey) Christ (1885). Carex montana was explicitly excluded from Poindexter's treatment of sect. Sphaeridiophorae.[7]

§ Acrocystis
America
East

Carex pensylvanica (Pennsylvania sedge)

Carex lucorum (Blue Ridge sedge)

Carex tonsa (Shaved sedge)

Carex rugosperma (Parachute sedge)

Carex umbellata (Parasol sedge)

Carex albicans var. albicans (White-tinged sedge)

Carex nigromarginata (Black-edge sedge)

Carex reznicekii (Reznicek's sedge)

Carex emmonsii (Emmons' sedge)

Carex novae-angliae (New England sedge)

West

Carex communis (Fibrous-rooted sedge)

Carex deflexa var. deflexa (Northern sedge)

Carex peckii (Peck's sedge)

Western America Clade

Eurasia

Carex montana (Mountain sedge)


Subg. Carex > sect. Acrocystis >> Eastern North America clade

[edit | edit source]
Roalson & Friar (2004) grouped sect. Acrocystis into eastern and western North American groups. The first Eastern North America Clade (ENAC1) contains the C. pensylvanica complex, the C. nigromarginata complex, and the C. umbellata complex.[1]
Subg. Carex > sect. Acrocystis >> ENA Pensylvanica Species Complex
[edit | edit source]
Carex pensylvanica
The Pensylvanica species complex of Carex sect. Acrocystis (sensu Crins & Ball 1983) contained C. lucorum, C. pensylvanica and the western C. inops (sspp. inops & heliophila).[1]

Poindexter (2019) determined that western species C. inops and C. heliophila are not closely related to C. pensylvanica and placed them in the a southwestern North America clade.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Acrocystis
Genus Carexsect. Acrocystis"pensylvanica" group Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Lam.

1792. Carex Pensylvanica Lam. in Encycl. 3: 388
1805. Carex marginata Muhl.ex Willd. n Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:261, nom. illeg.
1855. Carex subbiflora Steud. in Syn. Pl. Glumac. 2:234
1893. Carex pensylvanica var. angustifolia Peck in Rep. Regents Univ. NYS Mus.
1894. Carex pensylvanica var. glumabunda Peck in Rep. Regents Univ. NYS Mus.
1894. Carex pensylvanica var. gracilifolia Peck in Rep. Regents Univ. NYS Mus.

Pennsylvania sedge
Penn sedge
Common oak sedge
Carex de Pennsylvanie
Native, CoC: 6,
Secure

N. R.

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 5
Sun - shade,
2n = 36

NYFA: 51 counties
iNat: 27 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Willd.

1814. Carex lucorum Willd. in Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol., Suppl.:63
1830. Vignea lucorum (Willd.) Rchb. in J.C.Mössler, Handb. Gewächsk.
1861. Carex michiganensis Dewey ex Alph.Wood in Class-book Bot.:765
1877. Carex pensylvanica var. lucorum (Willd.) Boeckeler in Linnaea 41: 220
1893. Carex pensylvanica var. distans Peck in Rep. Regents Univ. NYS Mus.
1894. Carex pensylvanica var. separans Peck in Rep. Regents Univ. NYS Mus.
1909. Carex pensylvanica f. separans (Peck) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler, Pflanzenr

Blue Ridge sedge
Forest sedge
Fire sedge
Long-beaked carpet sedge
Long-beaked oak sedge
Northern woodland sedge
Carex des forêts
Native, CoC: 6,
Likely secure,
S4, G4

N. R.

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 3,
n = 20

NYFA: 19 counties
iNat: 2 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Carex > sect. Acrocystis >> ENA Umbellata Species Complex
[edit | edit source]
Carex umbellata
The Umbellata species complex traditionally includes Carex umbellata, C. tonsa var. rugosperma, and C. tonsa var. tonsa. In part because C. rugosperma and C. umbellata have been found to form a sister clade to C. microrhyncha and another newly studied species in this complex, the species rank is probably justifiable for each of these taxa. These sedges are very small, with obscure culms.[1]
Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Acrocystis
Genus Carexsect. Acrocystis"umbellata" group Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Schkuhr ex Willd.

1805. Carex umbellata Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:290
1840. Olotrema umbellata (Willd.) Raf. in Good Book:25
1906. Carex umbellata ssp. brachyrhina Piper in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 11:175
1908. Carex abdita E.P.Bicknell in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 35:492
1912. Carex umbellata ssp. abdita (E.P.Bicknell) W.Stone in Pl. S. NJ:305
1913. Carex microrhyncha Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40:548[1]

Parasol sedge
Hidden sedge
Umbellate sedge
Early oak sedge
Carex en ombelle
Native, CoC: 5,
Secure,
S5, G5

N. R.

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 5,
2n = 30, 32 (n = 15)

NYFA: 28 counties
iNat: 4 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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1826. Carex umbellata var. vicinia Dewey. Amer. J. Sci. Arts 10
1915. Carex rugosperma Mack. in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 42:621
1924. Carex umbellata f. vicinia (Dewey) Wiegand. Rhodora 26(301):2
1926. Carex umbellata var. vicinia Dewey. Amer. J. Sci. Arts 10: pl. D, f. 13
1996. Carex tonsa var. rugosperma (Mack.) Crins in Novon 6: 118

Parachute sedge
Umbel-like sedge
Rough-fruit deep-green sedge
Red-seeded sedge
Wrinkle-seeded sedge
Wrinkle-seeded oak sedge
Carex à fruits rugueux
Carex à fruit rugueux
Native, CoC: 5,
Secure,
S5, G5-T5

N. R.

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 7,
n = 15

NYFA: 33 counties
iNat: 2 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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(Fernald) E.P.Bicknell
 var. tonsa

1902. Carex umbellata var. tonsa Fernald
1908. Carex tonsa E.P.Bicknell in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 35:492
1909. Carex umbellata f. tonsa Kük. in H.G.A.Engler, Pflanzenr.
1966. Carex rugosperma var. tonsa E.G.Voss in Rhodora 68:453

Shaved sedge
Deep-green sedge
Bald sedge
Smooth-fruited oak sedge
Carex à fruits glabres
Native, CoC: 5,
Secure

N. R.

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 32

NYFA: 19 counties
iNat: Oneida, St. Lawr.
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Carex > sect. Acrocystis >> ENA Albicans Species Complex
[edit | edit source]
Carex albicans
Carex reznicekii, first described by David Werier in 2006, had previously been identified as C. umbellata or C. nigromarginata.[1]

Note that Carex albicans var. emmonsii is treated at the species level as Carex emmonsii and placed in the Emmonsii species complex below.


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Acrocystis
Genus Carexsect. Acrocystis"albicans" group Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Willd. ex Spreng.
 var. albicans

1806. Carex varia Muhl. ex Schkuhr
1826. Carex albicans Willd. ex Spreng.
1935. Carex artitecta Mack.
1989. Carex emmonsii var. muhlenbergii (A.Gray ex Torr.) Rettig

Whitetinge sedge
White-tinged sedge
Bellow-beaked sedge
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5, G5-T4-T5

UPL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 5,
2n = 36 (n=17)

NYFA: 36 counties
iNat: 3 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Schwein.

1824. Carex nigromarginata Schwein. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 1:68
1860. Carex lucorum var. nigro-marginata Chapm. in Fl. South. U.S.: 539
1860. Carex lucorum var. nigromarginata (Schwein.) Chapm. in Fl. South. U.S.: 539
1860. Carex lucorum Sartwell ex Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 2: 99, not validly publ.
1877. Carex nigromarginata var. subdigyna Boeckeler in Linnaea 41:220

Black-edge sedge
Black-edged sedge
Black-margined sedge
Carex à marge noire
Native, CoC: 7,
Threatened,
DEC-B[1],
S3, G5,
NYNHP: S3[2]

UPL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 5,
2n = 36

NYFA: 4 counties
iNat: 3 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Werier

2006. Carex reznicekii Werier in Sida 22:1052

Reznicek's sedge
Carex de Reznicek
Native, CoC: 8,
Endangered,
S1-S2, G5,
NYNHP: S1-S2[3]

UPL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 5,
n = 15

NYFA: 4 counties
iNat: No NY observations
GBIF: Bronx, New York

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Subg. Carex > sect. Acrocystis >> ENA Emmonsii Species Complex
[edit | edit source]
Carex emmonsii
Carex emmonsii has traditionally been treated as part of the Carex albicans species complex, but phylogenetically it is more likely to be a sister to the clade containing the umbellata and albicans complexes above.[1]
Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Acrocystis
Genus Carexsect. Acrocystis"emmonsii" group Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Dewey ex Torr.

1826. Carex davisii Dewey in Amer. J. Sci. Arts 10:279, nom. illeg.
1836. Carex emmonsii Dewey ex Torr. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 3:411
1839. Carex varia var. minor Boott in W.J.Hooker, Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2:223
1848. Carex novae-angliae var. emmonsii (Dewey ex Torr.) J.Carey in A.Gray
1860. Carex lucorum var. emmonsii (Dewey ex Torr.) Chapm. in Fl. South. U.S.
1896. Carex emmonsii var. colorata Howe in Rep. Regents Univ. NYS Mus.
1896. Carex emmonsii var. disticta Howe in Rep. Regents Univ. NYS Mus.
1952. Carex nigromarginata var. minor Gleason in Phytologia 4:22, nom. illeg.
1990. Carex albicans var. emmonsii (Dewey ex Torr.) Rettig in Sida 14:133

Emmons' sedge
Emmons's sedge
Emmon's white-tinged sedge
Sharp-scale oak sedge
Carex d'Emmons
Native, CoC: 8,
Rare,
S3, G5-T5

UPL

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 4,
2n = 40 (n = 20)

NYFA: 18 counties
iNat: 3 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Carex > sect. Acrocystis >> ENA Novae-angliae Species Complex
[edit | edit source]
Carex novae-angliae
Carex novae-angliae and several tentative new species in this complex may have been confused with Carex deflexa. The other currently-named species in this complex is Carex austrodeflexa P.D.McMillan, Sorrie & van Eerden (2011), found on the Atlantic coastal plane of the southeastern U.S., from Virginia to Florida to Alabama.[1]
Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Acrocystis
Genus Carexsect. Acrocystis"novae-angliae" group Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Schwein.

1824. Carex novae-angliae Schwein. in Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 1:67
1826. Carex collecta Dewey. Am. J. Sci. Arts 11:314, t. N, f. 44.
1845. Carex novae-angliae var. collecta (Dewey) Dewey in Alph.Wood. Class-bookBot. 421.
1909. Carex varia var. novae-angliae (Schwein.) Kük. in H.G.A.Engler

New England sedge
Carex de Nouvelle-Angleterre
Carex de la Nouvelle-Angleterre
Native, CoC: 7,
Likely secure,
S4, G5

FACU

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 4,
n=15-16

NYFA: 21 counties
iNat: 4 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Carex > sect. Acrocystis >> ENA hybrids
[edit | edit source]

Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Acrocystis
Genus Carexsect. Acrocystis"hybrids" group Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT

Carex pensylvanica ×
Carex umbellata

Hybrid of
  Pennsylvania sedge &
  Parasol sedge
Native,
SNA, GNA

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: Tompkins (2006), Westchester (1893)

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Carex albicans ×
Carex umbellata

Hybrid of
  White-tinged sedge &
  Parasol sedge
Native,
SNA, GNA

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: Orange (2003)

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Subg. Carex > sect. Acrocystis >> Western America Ancestral Clade

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Carex communis
The second Eastern North America Clade (ENAC2, containing C. communis & C. peckii) was found to have been embedded in the second Western North America Clade (WNAC2).[1]

Carex deflexa is one of 4 members of Acrocystis (including C. rossii, C. tonsa, and C. umbellata) that have pistillate spikes at the base.[2]

D.B. Poindexter (2019) found weak support for clade (WA-AC) containing C. communis + C. deflexa as sister to C. peckii in the Western America Clade[3]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae —   — Carex subg. Carex sect. Acrocystis
Genus Carexsect. AcrocystisWA clade Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.H.Bailey
 var. communis

1889. Carex communis L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 1: 41
1930. Carex communis var. gynandra Farw. in Amer. Midl. Naturalist 12: 52
1966. Carex communis f. gynandra (Farw.) E.G.Voss in Rhodora 68: 451

Fibrous-rooted sedge
Fibrousroot sedge
Fibrous-root sedge
Common beech sedge
Colonial oak sedge
Common sedge
Carex commun
Native, CoC: 7,
Secure,
S5, G5

N. R.

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 4,
2n = 28
n = 11-15

NYFA: 51 counties
iNat: 14 counties
GBIF: present in NY

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Howe

1860. Carex emmonsii var. ellpitica Boott in Ill. Gen. Carex 2:97
1893. Carex peckii Howe in Rep. Regents Univ. NYS Mus. 47:166 (1894)
1931. Carex clivicola Fernald & Weath. in Rhodora 33:233
1951. Carex peckii f. elongata Lepage in Naturaliste Canad. 78:346
1952. Carex nigromarginata var. elliptica (Boott) Gleason in Phytologia 4:22

Peck's sedge
White-tinged sedge
Peck's oak sedge
Carex de Peck
Native, CoC: 7,
Likely secure,
S4, G4-G5

N. R.

Perennial,
Graminoid,
Heliophily: 6,
2n = 36 (n = 15)

NYFA: 12 counties
iNat: Jefferson, St. Law
GBIF: present in NY

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Hornem.
 var. deflexa

1839. Carex varia var. minor Boott in Hooker. Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2(11):223
1841. Carex pilulifera var. deflexa (Hornem.) Drejer in Naturhist. Tidsskr. 3:476
1877. Carex pilulifera f. deflexa (Hornem.) Boeckeler. Linnaea 41:216
1883. Carex deflexa Hornem. in G.C.Oeder & al. (eds.), Fl. Dan.: t. 3051
1886. Carex novae-angliae var. deflexa (Hornem.) L.H.Bailey in Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts
1889. Carex deflexa var. deanei L.H.Bailey in Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 1:42

Northern sedge
Bent northern sedge
Bent sedge
Northern oak sedge
Short-stemmed sedge
Drooping sedge
Carex déprimé
Native, CoC: 6,
Unranked,
SNR, G5

N. R.

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 20–24, 30, 36
n = 12

NYFA: 9 counties
iNat: St. Lawrence
GBIF: present in NY

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Subg. Carex > sect. Acrocystis >> Eurasian clade

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Carex montana
The few GBIF viewable specimens of this group from New York State are listed as Carex filiformis L. These are located at the Field Museum in Chicago and include:
Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex sect. Acrocystis
Genus Carexsect. Acrocystis"Eurasian" group Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
L.

1753. Carex montana L. in Sp. Pl.:975
1753. Carex filiformis L. in Sp. Pl.:976
1785. Carex conglobata All. in Fl. Pedem. 2:268
1791. Carex caryophyllaea J.F.Gmel. in Syst. Nat., ed. 13[bis].:142
1792. Carex pubescens Gilib. in Exerc. Phyt. 2:547, opus utique oppr.
1792. Carex pumila Honck. in Syn. Pl. Germ. 1:373, nom. illeg.
1805. Carex collina Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:260, nom. superfl.
1805. Carex emarginata Willd. in Sp. Pl., ed. 4. 4:262
1814. Carex perennis Krock. in Fl. Siles. 3:50
1821. Trasus filiformis (L.) Gray in Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2:59 (1822)
1837. Carex caryophyllata Kunth in Enum. Pl. 2:437
1840. Diemisa filiformis (L.) Raf. in Good Book:27

Mountain sedge
Soft-leaved Sedge
Downy-Fruited Sedge
Introduced from
 Eurasia

Perennial,
Graminoid

NYFA: Not Listed
iNat: No NY observations
GBIF: Collected in NY

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Subg. Carex > Mitrata Clade >> sect. Mitratae

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Carex caryophyllea
VI.X.5. Mitrata Clade contains 27 of the 86 global species of traditional sect. Mitratae (including Carex caryophyllea).[1]

The traditional (FNA) Carex section Mitratae contains about 4 (86) species worldwide, one of which (Carex caryophyllea) has been found in North America.[2]


Poales — Cyperaceae — Cyperoideae — Cariceae — Carex subg. Carex — clade Matrata
Genus Carexfna-sect. Mitratae Sedge N.Y. Status Images Distribution NY NPT
Latourr.

1778. Carex praecox Jacq. in Fl. Austriac. 5:23
1785. Carex caryophyllea Latourr. in Chlor. Lugd.: 27

Spring sedge
Vernal sedge
Iron-grass
Carex printanier
Introduced,
Impersistent

Perennial,
Graminoid,
2n = 58,62,64,66,68 (Eurasia)

NYFA: 3 counties
iNat: no RG in NY
GBIF: Bronx 1891-93

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