Japanese/Lessons/Simultaneous action
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Simultaneous action is designated by replacing the "〜ます" ending of the polite present positive tense of the first verb with "〜ながら". The tense is then determined by the latter verb. Both actions should be performed by the same person.
Those more comfortable thinking in terms of the dictionary form can see this as adding "〜ながら" to the stem of vowel-stem verbs, or the い-row of consonant-stem verbs (e.g. 飲む -> 飲みながら example below). The irregular verbs are also put in the い-row making them identical to the consonant-stem verbs.
| <sentence start> | <vowel-stem verb stem> | ながら <second verb> |
| <consonant-stem verb stem in い-row> |
The tense of the sentence is given with the second verb.
Examples
[edit | edit source]| Dictionary form | ながら-form | example | meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vowel stem verbs | |||
| 見る (みる) | 見ながら | テレビを見ながらりんごを食べた。 | I ate an apple while I watched television. |
| 食べる（たべる） | 食べながら | りんごを食べながらテレビを見る。 | I watch television while eating an apple. |
| Consonant stem verbs | |||
| 会う（あう） | 会いながら | ||
| 行く（いく） | 行きながら | 学校へ行きながら友だちと喋った。 | I talked with my friends on our way to school. |
| 泳ぐ（およぐ） | 泳ぎながら | 泳ぎながら歌を歌った。 | I sang a song while swimming. |
| 話す（はなす） | 話しながら | ||
| 待つ（まつ） | 待ちながら | ||
| ぬ | |||
| 遊ぶ（あそぶ） | 遊びながら | ||
| 飲む（のむ） | 飲みながら | コーヒーを飲みながら友達と喋っていました。 | I chatted with friends over coffee. |
| 喋る（しゃべる） | 喋りながら | ||
| Irregular verbs | |||
| する | しながら | ||
| Japanese | English | Reading | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| テレビ | television | ||
| 見る | to see, to watch | みる | This verb changes thus: "見る" -> "見ます" -> "見ながら". |
| パン | bread | ||
| 食べる | to eat | たべる | This verb changes thus: "食べる" -> "食べます" -> "食べながら" |
| コーヒー | coffee | ||
| 公園 | a (public) park | こうえん | |
| 友達 | a friend | ともだち | |
| 飲む | to drink | のむ | |
| 喋る | to talk, to chat | しゃべる | |
| 歩く | to walk | あるく |