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Duration and Repetition

Duration

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A Duration marker can be added to the beginning of a verb.

Láadan Description
na- to start to...
ná- to continue to...
ne- to repeat...
no- to finish/complete...
nó- to cease to...

(Suzette Haden Elgin (1988), A First Dictionary and Grammar of Láadan, Second Edition, p. 131)

Examples

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Láadan English Vocab words
Bíi eril nóhulanin le wa. I've stopped studying. eril = past, ulanin = to study
Bíi eril nahulanin le wa. I've begun studying.


Repetition

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A Repetition Morpheme can also be used to specify a pattern in which something is done.

Láadan Description
bada repeatedly, at random
badan repeatedly, in a pattern over which humans have no control
brada repeatedly, in a pattern fixed arbitrarily by human beings
bradan repeatedly, in a pattern fixed by humans by analogy to some phenomenon (such as the seasons)
bradá repeatedly, in what appears to be a pattern but cannot be demonstrated or proved to be one

(Suzette Haden Elgin (1988), A First Dictionary and Grammar of Láadan, Second Edition, p. 131)

Examples

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Láadan English Vocab words
Bíi hal le brada wa. I work regularly. hal = work

Notes

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