Lower Sorbian/Grammar/3rd conjugation
- all over-1-syllable-long verbs ending with -iś, -yś
- most of the verbs ending with -eś
- verbs ending with -ojaś, -ejaś, -šaś, -žaś, -caś, -šćaś
Present tense
[edit | edit source]| 1. sg. | pšosym | palim |
| 2. sg. | pšosyš | pališ |
| 3. pl. | pšose | pale |
Imperative
[edit | edit source]2. 3. sg. pšos! ø, pal!ø
Imperfect
[edit | edit source]1. sg. pšosach, palach 2. 3. sg. pšosašo, palašo
Other forms
[edit | edit source]- Past active participle: pšosył; palił
- Infinitive: pšosyś; paliś [3]
- Supine: pšosyt; palit
- Present active participle: pšosecy; palecy
- Past passive participle: pšosony; palony
- Verbal noun: pšosenje, palenje
Notes
[edit | edit source][1] verbs with infinitive ending in -iś, -yś, -aś form imperfect with -ach, -ašo; verbs with -eś form imperfect with -ech, ešo
[2] verbs with infinitive with –iś, -yś, the stems of which end in consonantal group, form an imperative with –i, e.g. modli!
[3] compounds ending in -iś, -yś, -eś form their proper present tense (durative) in 1. conjugation by lengthening the stem with a suffix -ij, -yj, -ej; forms of present tense in 3. conjugation have futural meaning, e.g. se gorjeś `burn`, se zagorjejo `he burns`, se zagorjo `he will burn`
Verbs not fitting the pattern
[edit | edit source]rdžaś (džaś) `shiver`: pres.džym, džyš, džy, etc., 3. pl. džyju (džaju); pres. act. part. džujucy (džajucy); imperative: džyj (džaj)
gorjeś se `burn`: in present tense according to 1. conjugation - gorju, gorjoš, gorjo se; pres. act. part. gorjecy; imperf. gorješo se
kśěś `want`
spaś `sleep`: pres. spim, spiš... 3. pl.spě (spiju); imperative spi!; pres. act. part. spicy (spijucy); impf. spach
spomńeś `evoke, remind`: pres.=fut. spomnim, spomniš... spomnjeju or spomnu, spomnjoš... spomnjeju; aor. spomnjech; imperative spomnjej!
wocuśeś `wake`: pres. wocuśeju, wocuśejoš
verbs ending in -ojaś, -ejaś in present tense and aorist omit vowel -a- from the stem ending, e.g. se bojaś - ja se bojm