Lower Sorbian/Grammar/Further explanation of conjugatory matters
General listing of verbal endings
[edit | edit source]|
present |
past active part. |
imperative |
aorist/imperfect | |
|
1. sg. |
-u; -m [1] |
r.m: -ł |
- |
-ch |
|
2. sg. |
-š |
-‘; -i (-y) |
-šo | |
|
3. sg. |
- |
- |
-šo | |
|
1. du. |
-mej |
-łej |
-‘mej; -mej |
-chmej |
|
2. du. |
-tej |
-‘tej; -tej |
-štej | |
|
3. du. |
-tej |
-‘tej; -tej |
-štej | |
|
1. pl. |
-my |
-li |
-‘my; -my |
-chmy |
|
2. pl. |
-śo |
-śo |
-šćo | |
|
3. pl. |
-u |
- |
-chu |
[1] the ending –u belongs to the 1st conjugation; the ending –m belong only to the 2nd and 3rd conjugations, alternatively also in the 1st conjugation
- infinitive: -ś; -č; -c
- supine: -t
- verbal noun: -nje; -śe
- past passive participle: -ny; -ty
- present active participle: -cy
Complex tenses
[edit | edit source]Past tense
[edit | edit source]Appropriate personal form of present tense of byś + past active participle of given verb in an appropriate number and gender, e.g. som pšosył
Future tense
[edit | edit source]Appropriate personal form of future tense of byś + infinitive, e.g. budu pšosyś
Conditional mood
[edit | edit source]- Present tense: particle by + past active participle in an appropriate number and gender, e.g. by pšosył
- Past tense I: an appropriate form of auxiliary aorist of byś + past active participle in an appropriate number and gender, e.g. buch pšosył
- Past tense II: particle by + past active participle of byś in an appropriate number and gender + past active participle in an appropriate number and gender, e.g. by był pšosył
Plusquamperfect tense
[edit | edit source]An appropriate personal form of imperfect of byś + past active participle of a given verb in an appropriate number and gender, e.g. běch pšosył