NiwEnglisc/Level I/Freeteid

Lessons
Level I
1.00 Introduction
S1.01 ~ Starting Point
1.01 Hu hattest þu? (T·TA)
1.02 Freeteid (T·TA)
1.03 Fode (T·TA)
Review 1.01
S1.02 ~ Lunden, England
1.04 Klaðung (T·TA)
1.05 Folk und Familie (T·TA)
1.06 Scole (T·TA)
Review 1.02
S1.03 ~ Cardiff, Wales
1.07 Þe Freols (T·TA)
1.08 Privileg and Þeȝnung (T·TA)
1.09 Wedder (T·TA)
Review 1.03
S1.04 ~ Edwinsburg, Scotland
1.10 To Huse Etten (T·TA)
1.11 Filme (T·TA)
1.12 Þat Hus (T·TA)
Review 1.04
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Lesson 2 ~Freeteid

Dialogue

"Freeteid" means "Free time". This dialog is of Franz and Greta familiarizing each other with their sports activities.

Englisc Dialogue • Freeteid • audio (info •456 kb • help) Sports and time Sport and Teid
Franz	Hallo, Greta! Hu læt is it?
Greta	Es is Fierðel ær þrie.
Franz	Soðes? Ic pleȝe um þrie Fotball. Makst þu Sport, Greta?
Greta	Na, ic em slæk. Ic ga nu to Huse.
Franz	Fotball makþ huru Bliþs!
Greta	Oþ þann.
Franz	Wes hale!

Sports and Activities

Englisc Vocabulary • Freeteid • audio (info •356 kb • help) Sports and activities Sport and Aktivitæten
English	Englisc
sport(s)	Sport
interests, hobbies, activities	Hobbys
football/soccer	Fotball
American football	Football (spoken as in English)
volleyball	Volleyball
basketball	Basketball
tennis	Tennis
baseball	Baseball (spoken as in English)
9-pin bowling	Kegeln
chess	Raafgamen
board game	þat Bordgamen
game	þat Gamen
homework	Husniede (pl.)
television	þat Fernsien/þe Fernseer
movie	þe Film

Section Problems>>

Pleȝen, Maken and Other Verbs

All three verbs that you were introduced to in Lesson 1 are irregular in some way; however, most verbs are regular verbs. The following is a table of the endings you add to the stems of regular verbs to conjugate them:

Englisc Verb • Freeteid • audio (info •168 kb • help) conjugation Konjugation
	Singular			Plural
first person	ic	-e	wiȝ	-þ
second person	þu	-st	ȝiȝ	-þ
third person	he	-þ	hje	-þ
	scie	-þ
	it	-þ

For example, the verbs pleȝen and maken,

Englisc Verb • Freeteid • audio (info •187 kb • help) to play pleȝen
	Singular			Plural
first person	ic	pleȝe	wiȝ	pleȝþ
second person	þu	pleȝst	ȝiȝ	pleȝþ
third person	he	pleȝþ	hje	pleȝþ
	scie	pleȝþ
	it	pleȝþ

Englisc Verb • Freeteid • audio (info •152 kb • help) to do_make maken
	Singular			Plural
first person	ich	make	wiȝ	makþ
second person	þu	makst	ȝiȝ	makþ
third person	he	makþ	hje	makþ
	scie	makþ
	it	makþ

Applications

• Hwat dœst þu?

What are you doing?

• Ic pleȝe Basketball.

I play basketball.

• Pleȝst þu Fotball?

Do you play soccer?

• Ic make Husniede.

I do homework.

• He makþ Husniede.

He does homework.

• Makst þu Sport?

Do you play sports?

Note the last sentence. In English one plays sport, while in Englisc one does sport. You can also use the w-words from Lesson 1 to make some more combinations:

• Hwy pleȝst þu Baseball?

Why do you play baseball?

• Hwa hæfþ Husniede?

Who has homework?

To say "not", use "ne" before the verb. "Nan" is another word to emphasize that you play none of a sport, and declines like an does.

• Hwa ne pleȝþ Fotball?

Who doesn't play soccer?

• Wiȝ pleȝeþ nanen Tennis.

We don't play tennis.

Compound Sentences

Both Englisc and English have compound sentences; the applications of these are enormous. They can be used in lists, but also in compound sentences. For example,

• Ic pleȝe Basketball and he pleȝþ eak Basketball.

I play basketball, and he also plays basketball.

The new word, "eak", is very important and it means "also". The one grammar rule about "eak" is that it always comes after the verb.

Section Problems>>

Other Verbs and Their Conjugations

Englisc Grammar • Freeteid • audio (info •135 kb • help) Verbs Verben
Englisc	English
ræden	to read
lesen	to gather
bescawen	to watch
seen	to see
wœrken	to work
wreiten	to write
finden	to find
swimmen	to swim

Bescawen, wreiten, and swimmen are all regular verbs, they follow normal conjugations. To conjugate, you first remove the ' en ', then add the correct ending, here is an example,

Verb	First Step	Finished
swimmen	swimm	ich swimme

• Finden is an irregular verb; however, it has a simple change. Whenever the verb ends with a consonant cluster like "nd", an 'e' is added before it. So it would be du findest, not du findst. As well as he, scie, it, and ȝiȝ findeþ, not he, scie, it, and ȝiȝ findþ.

• Lesen is also an irregular verb. First, when forming "þu" it is liest and with "he, scie, it" it is liesþ.

• Seen is the last irregular verb. When forming "þu" it is siehst and with "he, scie, it" it is siehþ.

Section Problems>>

Two More Verb Forms

There are two more verb forms in English that you will learn this lesson: the present progressive ("I am playing, he is making"), and the affirmative "I do play, he does not play", which includes a form of 'to do'.

It might be tempting to make the present progressive sentence, "I am playing." into "Ic em pleȝen.". After all, 'pleȝen' sounds a lot like 'play-ing', but that is not the definition. 'Pleȝen' means 'to play', which makes "Ic em pleȝen." into "I am to play.", not at all what you are trying to say, and a collection of words that does not make sense. So it is not "Ic em pleȝen."

The second phrase, "I do play", is another tricky one. This one may seem like, "Ic do pleȝen." But don't forget, there are no helping verbs in Englisc. "Ic do pleȝen." just doesn't work.

Both of the phrases above are simplified in Englisc. Instead of "I am playing." and "I do play.", Englisc makes them both simply: "Ic pleȝe." When using 'not', instead of "does not play", you get "Ic ne pleȝe". This may sound like old English, and there you see where English came from, and why it is called a "Germanic" language.

Section Problems>>

Expressing likes and dislikes

Englisc Vocabulary • Freeteid • audio (how to upload) Expressing likes and dislikes Verbindungen
English	Englisc
I like...	Ic habe ... ȝorn
I like to play...	Ic pleȝe ȝorn...
What do you like?	Hwat hæfst þu ȝorn?

* I like ... also translates to: Ic ann. Unnen being the root verb, to like. What do you like? translates to: Hwat annst þu? Ic ann, þu annst, he/scie/it ann, wiȝ unneþ, ȝiȝ unneþ, hje unneþ.

In Englisc, there are several ways to express likes and dislikes. This way is a casual way. You can also add other verbs for other things, like asking or saying if they like to play, or make things.

• To express preference, use liefer instead of ȝorn. For example, "Wiȝ pleȝeþ liefer Fotball."

• To express favorites, you use am liefsten, meaning "most of all", in the same context as liefer. For example, "Ic pleȝe am liefsten Raafgamen.".

• To express dislikes, use ne ȝorn instead of ȝorn.

Section Problems>>

Numbers

The first big unit in this level is time, which we are just about to get to. German time is very much like English time. However, we must begin with Englisc numbers.

Englisc Vocabulary • Freeteid • audio (info •536 kb • help) Numbers Zahlen
English	Englisc
zero	null
one	aan
two	tweȝn
three	þrie
four	fier
five	feif
six	six
seven	sefen
eight	aht
nine	niȝn
ten	tien
eleven	endlefen
twelve	twelf
thirteen	þrietien
fourteen	fiertien
fifteen	feiftien
sixteen	sixtien
seventeen	sefentien
eighteen	ahttien
nineteen	niȝntien
twenty	tweȝntiȝ
thirty	þrittiȝ
forty	fiertiȝ
fifty	feiftiȝ
sixty	sixtiȝ
seventy	sefentiȝ
eighty	ahttiȝ
ninety	niȝntiȝ
hundred	hundred/hund
hundred and one	hundredaan
hundred and ten	endlefentiȝ
hundred and twenty	twelftiȝ
thousand	þusend
1001	þusendaan
1101	þusendaanhundaan
3000	þrieþusend
200 000	twahundþusend

• Above are some basic numbers in Englisc. If you haven't noticed the pattern, "-tien" creates "-teen" and "-tiȝ" creates "-ty."

• The numerals, when written as figures, appear the same in Englisc and English, but when spoken or written in full, the units normally come before the tens. They are connected by and.

for example, "aanandfeiftiȝ", which is 51, from "aan" and "feiftiȝ".

• In spoken words, "twa" can be used for "tweȝn", used before a hundred or a thousand.

Section Problems>>

Time

Asking the Time

Englisc Vocabulary • Freeteid • audio (info •243 kb • help) Time Teid
	English	Englisc
	What time is it? (How late is it?)	Hu læt is it?
	What time is it? (How much clock is it?)	Hu fele Uhr is it?
Ef	It is 10:15	Nu is tien Uhr feiftien.
BoA	It is 10:15	Fierðel æfter Tien
BoA	It is 10:45	Fierðel ær Endlefen

In table above you might have seen the Ef and BoA, those stand for exact form and before or after. Specific times can be expressed in two ways: Exact form (e.g. "Four thirty-seven") or before or after form (e.g. "Twenty-three to five").

Exact form

This form is the same as English. For example,

• It is tien Uhr feiftien.

It is 10:15 a.m.

• The new word Uhr means "o'clock", and is used in all exact times, it comes between the hour and the minute.

• Also, Englisc-speakers generally use the 24-hour clock when expressing time this way, therefore, 3:29 p.m. (15:29) is "feiftien Uhr niȝnandtweȝntiȝ."

Section Problems>>

Before or After the Hour

• Use the same form as in English. For example, 10:57 can be said as, "þrie ær Endlefen(three minutes to eleven". Likewise, 4:10 would be "tien æfter Fier(ten minutes past four)."

• Typically, use the smaller time interval with 'æfter' or 'ær'. Don't say, "sefenandfeiftig æfter Tien."

• You don't need a ær when using half. For example, 11:30 can be said as, "Half twelf" and 5:15 can be said as "Fierðel æfter Feif", 5:45 would be "Fierðel ær Six".

Note: This is only used with informal time telling. You don't use 'Uhr'.

Section Problems>>

Saying When You Do Something

Hwann pleȝst þu Football? (Football means American Football. Soccer would be "Fotball", which lit. means Football)

To say you play a sport at a certain time in English, you would answer, "I play football at 3:30." This is all the same in Englisc, with the translation of 'at' being um. That makes the above response "Ic pleȝe Football um half Fier." or "Ic pleȝe Football um feiftien Uhr þrittiȝ.".

Section Problems>>

Other Time

Times of Day

Englisc Vocabulary • Freeteid • audio (info •364 kb • help) Times of Day Dæȝesteide
English	Englisc
the day	þe Dæȝ
today	todæȝ
tomorrow	morgen
the day after tomorrow	ofermorgen
yesterday	ȝestern
the day before yesterday	ærȝestern
(early) morning	Ærmorgen*
morning	undern
afternoon	Ofernon
evening	Æfen
night	Niht

*In Englisc, the words for "morning" and "tomorrow" are almost the same: morgen and to-morgen. If you want to say tomorrow morning use on morgen (meaning: in the morning) instead of tomorgen morgen.

• The words above can be combined into phrases like "ȝestern Æfen".

Section Problems>>

Days and Months

English	Englisc
Monday	Monendæȝ/Mondæȝ
Tuesday	Tiwsdæȝ
Wednesday	Wodensdæȝ
Thursday	Þunersdæȝ
Friday	Friȝdæȝ
Saturday	Sæterndæȝ
Sunday	Sonndæȝ/Sonnendæȝ

Englisc Vocabulary • Freeteid • audio (info •328 kb • help) Months Monþe
English	Englisc
January	Wintermonþ
February	Solmonþ
March	Hreþmonþ
April	Eastermonþ
May	Þrimilcemonþ
June	Seremonþ
July	Mædmonþ
August	Weedmonþ
September	Haliȝmonþ
October	Winterfylleþ
November	Blotmonþ
December	Ȝolmonþ

• To say "on Monday", say "am Monendæȝ" or whatever applies. To say "in January", say "im Wintermonþ" or whatever applies. This is the same for all of the days and months.

• You can also combine the times of day from earlier with the days of the week. But they're both nouns. To do this, therefore, we must combine the two words into one, as in "Tiwsniht" (Tuesday night) and "Wodensæfen" (Wednesday evening).

Culture Note: The Englisc week begins on Monday.

Section Problems>>

Dates

Englisc Vocabulary • Freeteid • audio (info •305 kb • help) Dates Daten
English	German
first of (month)	ærste
second of (month)	oðer
third of (month)	þridder
fourth of (month)	fierþe
seventh of (month)	sefenþe
eighth of (month)	ahtþr
-th of [below 20]	-þe
tenth of	tienþ
twentieth of	tweȝntigþe
thirty-first of	aanandþrittiȝþe
-th of [20 to 31]	-þe
on (the)	am

• The ordinal numbers from 2 to 19 take the endings þ/t and from 20 upwards take the ending þ

• For example "on the 25th of December",

Simply say "am feifandtweȝntiȝþen Ȝolmonþ."

In other cases you say "feifandtweȝntiȝþe' Ȝolmonþ" or "þe feifandtweȝntiȝþe'e Ȝolmonþ".

• In Englisc, dates are written out in the logical order Month . Day . Year, instead of the American Month/Day/Year.

Engliscuses a dot or a dash instead of a slash. Do not use the slash in dates, as it is unusual and confusing because you cannot tell if "4/6" means 4th of June (4.6.) or 6th of April (6.4.)

Section Problems>>

Birthdays

Englisc Vocabulary • Freeteid • audio (info •237 kb • help) Birthdays Gebyrddage
English	German
Birthday	Gebyrddæȝ
Happy Birthday	Alle Gode tom Gebyrddæȝ!
Best wishes on your birthday!	Gesælige Wyscunge tom Gebyrddæȝ!
Here is your present!	Hier is þeine Gife!
Thank you!	Þankewell!
That's a nice party!	Þat is ane tolle Party!

• To say, "My birthday is on November 13th", say, "Ic habe am þrietienþen Blotmonþ Gebyrddæȝ."

Here am þrietienþen Blotmonþ , am 13. Blotmonþ, am þrietienþen elfþen (a shorter version of endlefenþen) and am 13. 11. represent the same date.

Note the order; it translates back literally as "I have on the 13th of November birthday."

Section Problems>>

Seasons

To say "in Summer", say "im Summer". For example,

• Im Summer pleȝe ic Baseball.

I play baseball in summer.

The time always goes before the verb and the subject. (time, verb, and subject)

Section Problems>>

Periods of Time

If you want to express a certain period of time, but it doesn't have a specific name, like Ofernon, you can do it like this:,

• This is the same as from ... till ... in English.

• This can also apply with dates. For example, "Wiȝ habeþ Scole (school) of Monenedæȝ oþ Friȝedæȝ".

• Exceptions

Wiȝ habeþ free of þem feifandtweȝntiȝþen Ȝolmonþ oþ þem oðern Wintermonþ.

Section Problems>>

How often?

Hu oft?, there are many ways to answer this question. Two are "once, twice, or three times in a ..." or "always, often, or never."

A Number or Times

To say, "once a month", or "four times a week", add "seiðe(n)" to the end of the number and use the examples below.

Englisc Vocabulary • Freeteid • audio (how to upload) Daily Dæȝlic
English	Englisc
Day	am Dæȝ
Week	in þer Wuke
Month	im Monþ
Year	im Ȝear
Weekend	am Wukenende
Morning	morgens
Evening	æfens
Afternoon	ofernons
Night	nihtes oþþe in þer Niht

For example

• Wiȝ kegelþ tweȝnseiðen in þer Woche.

We bowl twice a week.

Section Problems>>

Common Adverbs

Englisc Vocabulary • Freeteid • audio (how to upload) Sometimes Hweilen
English	Englisc
always	allteids
most of the time	mæstens
often	oft
sometimes	hweilen
seldom	selden
never	næfre
only	aanen

• To apply these words, put them in the sentence, after the verb and subject, but before the sport/activity.

• You can also use 'aanen' to say things like, Scie pleȝþ aanen hweilen Tennis.

• Note that if this is translated word-for-word, it becomes, She plays only sometimes tennis. That's just the way Englisc is.

Section Problems>>

Time-Related Words

• To say you have time, ignore the 'die'.
• To say when, insert other phrases you have learned this lesson. For example, Ic habe am Sæternsæfen Teid.

Note that the word order is the same as that of birthdays. You can use Freeteid in the same way.

Section Problems>>

What's On the Test

To go straight to the lesson test, go here.

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