Obstetrics and Gynecology/Adenomyosis

Definition

Adenomyosis is defined as the growth of endometrial glandular and stromal tissue within the myometrium.

Epidemiology

• Adenomyosis occurs in 10-20% of women.
• There is a preponderance for adenomyosis in women over the age of 40.

Etiology, Risk Factors, and Pathophysiology

• Adenomyosis occurs due to the growth of endometrium inwards (to the myometrial-endometrial interface)

Clinical Presentation and Diagnostic Approach

Adenomyosis typically presents with

• Dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia
• Enlarged, tender uterus
• Suggestive MRI/CT scanning

Diagnosis of adenomyosis is done through hysterectomy.

Management

Hysterectomy is the only effective therapy for adenomyosis.