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The Genitive case in Polish language is used in the following situations:
- Indicates the object of a sentence.
- Szukam mojego psa. - I am looking for my dog. (mojego psa is in genitive because it is the object of the sentence)
- Used after certain prepositions such as do, od, bez, dla, z, o, na, po, ku, przy.
- Idę do szkoły. - I am going to school. (szkoły is in the genitive)
- Kupiłem prezent dla mamy. - I bought a gift for mom. (mamy is in the genitive)
- Used to express possession.
- To jest książka mojego brata. - This is my brother's book. (mojego brata is in the genitive)
- Used to indicate partitive meaning (some, a bit of).
- Chcę trochę wody. - I want some water. (wody is in the genitive)
The genitive answers the questions whose? (czyj?), of whom? (kogo?) and of what? (czego?).
| Gender
|
Ending
|
Examples
|
| Masculine
|
-a (for animate), -u/-a (for inanimate)
|
chłopaka, kota, psa, komputera, stołu
|
| Neuter
|
-a/-u
|
dziecka, piwa, spotkania, imienia, muzeum
|
| Feminine
|
-i (for stems ending in a hard consonant), -y (for stems ending in a soft consonant)
|
dziewczyny, kawy, mrówki, pani, miłości, myszy
|
| Gender
|
Rule
|
Ending
|
Examples
|
| Masculine
|
After most stems
|
-ego
|
dużego, małego, dobrego
|
| Neuter
|
After most stems
|
-ego
|
duże, małe, dobre
|
| Feminine
|
After all stems
|
-ej
|
dużej, małej, dobrej
|
| Gender
|
Rule
|
Ending
|
Examples
|
| Virile
|
After most stems
|
-ów
|
chłopaków, kotów, psów, komputerów
|
| Nonvirile
|
After most stems
|
-ów (for masculine inanimate), -i (for feminine and neuter)
|
stołów, dzieci, piw, spotkań, imion, muzeów, dziewczyn, kaw, mrówek, pań, miłości, myszy
|
| Gender
|
Rule
|
Ending
|
Examples
|
| Virile
|
After most stems
|
-ych
|
dużych, małych, dobrych
|
| Nonvirile
|
After most stems
|
-ych
|
dużych, małych, dobrych
|
| English
|
Genitive
|
| nothing
|
niczego
|
| no one
|
nikogo
|
| I
|
mnie
|
| you (singular)
|
ciebie
|
| he
|
jego
|
| she
|
jej
|
| it
|
jego
|
| you (formal masculine)
|
pana + 3rd person singular verb
|
| you (formal feminine)
|
pani + 3rd person singular verb
|
| we
|
nas
|
| you (informal plural)
|
was
|
| you (formal masculine plural)
|
panów + 3rd person plural verb
|
| you (formal feminine plural)
|
pań + 3rd person plural verb
|
| you (formal mixed gender plural)
|
państwa + 3rd person plural verb
|
| they (masculine or mixed gender)
|
ich
|
| they (feminine)
|
ich
|
|
|
Gender
|
my, mine
|
your, yours (singular)
|
your, yours (plural)
|
our, ours
|
| Singular
|
Masculine
|
mojego
|
twojego
|
waszego
|
naszego
|
| Neuter
|
mojego
|
twojego
|
waszego
|
naszego
|
| Feminine
|
mojej
|
twojej
|
waszej
|
naszej
|
| Plural
|
Virile
|
moich
|
twoich
|
waszych
|
naszych
|
| Nonvirile
|
moich
|
twoich
|
waszych
|
naszych
|
| English
|
Genitive
|
| whose?
|
czyjego?
|
| of whom?
|
kogo?
|
| of what?
|
czego?
|
|
|
Gender
|
which / who
|
what / what kind
|
this / that
|
self / same
|
| Singular
|
Masculine
|
którego
|
jakiego
|
tego
|
samego
|
| Neuter
|
którego
|
jakiego
|
tego
|
samego
|
| Feminine
|
której
|
jakiej
|
tej
|
samej
|
| Plural
|
Virile
|
których
|
jakich
|
tych
|
samych
|
| Nonvirile
|
których
|
jakich
|
tych
|
samych
|
