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Radiation Oncology/Head & Neck/Ameloblastoma

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  • First recognized in 1827 by Cusack JW
  • Designated as adamantinoma in 1885 by the French physician Louis-Charles Malassez
  • Finally renamed to the modern name ameloblastoma in 1930 by Ivey and Churchill
  • Rare, benign or cancerous tumor of odontogenic epithelium (ameloblasts, or outside portion, of the teeth during development)
  • Much more commonly appearing in the lower jaw than the upper jaw
  • Four types of ameloblastoma have been described by the WHO 2017 classification:
    1. Conventional (solid/multicystic) type
    2. Unicystic
    3. Peripheral/extraosseous
    4. Metastasising (malignant)
  • Surgical resection or enucleation remains the most definitive treatment for this condition
  • Chemotherapy, radiation therapy, curettage and liquid nitrogen have been effective in some cases of ameloblastoma