Robotics/Feedback Sensors

The way in which actuators perform is determined by the combination of several factors. The robot's control system sends the actuator some sort of control signal, and various factors of the environment affect what happens for any given control signal. Feedback sensors are used to detect the actuator's output so that the control system can correct for external factors.

For example, many robots are propelled forward by wheels connected to DC motors. The control system specifies the amount of power that should be applied to the motors to make them turn, but their speed is also affected by the amount of load on the motor. In order for the robot to travel at a constant speed, it is necessary to have a sensor that determines how fast the robot is moving, and adjusts the power level to the motors as needed.

There are several standard kinds of feedback sensor that are used:

• Encoders
• Tachometers
• Accelerometers
• Rate Gyroscopes

Now a days we are using latest feed back sensors are using in various engineering and other applications....

further reading

• the OpenServo wiki discusses one way to measure and control servo position, speed, voltage, and power consumption.