TeX/catcode
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Synopsis
[edit | edit source]\catcode`\[char]=[num]
Description
[edit | edit source]\catcode is the command that's used to change the category code of a character. The category code tells TeX what to do when it encounters that character later in the text. A general assignment looks something like
\catcode`\@=11
which defines the @ character to be a letter.
The category codes in TeX are as follows:
- 0 = Escape character, normally \
- 1 = Begin grouping, normally {
- 2 = End grouping, normally }
- 3 = Math shift, normally $
- 4 = Alignment tab, normally &
- 5 = End of line, normally <return>
- 6 = Parameter, normally #
- 7 = Superscript, normally ^
- 8 = Subscript, normally _
- 9 = Ignored character, normally <null>
- 10 = Space, normally <space> and <tab>
- 11 = Letter, normally only contains the letters a,...,z and A,...,Z. These characters can be used in command names
- 12 = Other, normally everything else not listed in the other categories
- 13 = Active character, for example ~
- 14 = Comment character, normally %
- 15 = Invalid character, normally <delete>
Using category codes, it is possible to completely reconfigure TeX and allows support for international users.
A character of code 13 is called active. In a sense it is treated as if it were a command sequence in of itself, and definitions can be given in the normal fashion. Hence to define ~, Plain TeX has
\def~{...}