Thai/Tone

The Thai language has a total of five tones:

1. High tone
2. Mid tone ("default")
3. Low tone
4. Rising tone
5. Falling tone

There are a total of three tone classes:

1. Low class ("default")
2. Mid class
3. High class

Tone classes

Thai Consonant Classes

Sound	Low class	Mid class	High class
k	ค, ฆ		ข
g		ก
d		ด, ฎ
dt		ต, ฏ
j		จ
ch	ช, ฌ		ฉ
s	ซ		ส, ษ, ศ
y	ย, ญ
t	ท, ฑ, ฒ, ธ		ถ, ฐ
p	พ, ภ		ผ
f	ฟ, ภ		ฝ
b		บ
bp		ป
m	ม
n	น
ng	ง
r	ร
l	ล, ฬ
w	ว
h	ฮ		ห
(none)		อ

Tone rules

Note:

• Live syllables end in a long vowel or -m, -n, -ng, -y, -w. If it ends in a consonant, the middle vowel may be either short or long.
• Dead syllables end in a short vowel or -k, -t, -p. If it ends in a consonant, the middle vowel may be either short or long.

Thai Tone Rules

Syllable type / Tone mark	Low class	Mid and high classes
Live syllable	Mid tone (mid class also)	Rising tone (high class only)
Dead syllable (short vowel)	High tone	Low tone
Dead syllable (long vowel)	Falling tone	Low tone
-'	Falling tone	Low tone
-้	High tone	Falling tone
-๊	High tone	High tone
-๋	Rising tone	Rising tone