Welsh/Grammar/Prepositions
Appearance
< Welsh
Prepositions that cause a soft mutation
[edit | edit source]These prepositions cause a soft mutation.
Am | Ar | At |
Dan | Dros | Drwy |
Heb | I | O |
Wrth | Gan | Hyd |
Personal forms
[edit | edit source]Prepositions in Welsh, unlike many other European languages, may have personal forms for each pronoun. For example, the preposition 'ar' (on) must become 'arnaf i' for (on me).
Mi | arnaf i | Ni | arnon ni |
Ti | arnat ti | Chi | arnoch chi |
Fe/Fo | arno fe / fo | Nhw | arnyn nhw |
Hi | arni hi |
Mi | ataf i, atof i | Ni | aton ni |
Ti | atat ti, atot ti | Chi | atoch chi |
Fe/Fo | ato fe / fo | Nhw | atyn nhw |
Hi | ati hi |
Mi | amdanaf i | Ni | amdanon ni |
Ti | amdanat ti | Chi | amdanoch chi |
Fe/Fo | amdano fe / fo | Nhw | amdanyn nhw |
Hi | amdani hi |
Mi | danaf i | Ni | danon ni |
Ti | danat ti | Chi | danoch chi |
Fe/Fo | Dano fe / fo | Nhw | Danyn nhw |
Hi | Dani hi |
Mi | drostof i | Ni | droston ni |
Ti | drostot ti | Chi | drostoch chi |
Fe/Fo | Drosto fe / fo | Nhw | Drostyn nhw |
Hi | Drosti hi |
Mi | Drwyddof i | Ni | Drwyddon ni |
Ti | Drwyddot ti | Chi | Drwyddoch chi |
Fe/Fo | Drwyddo fe / fo | Nhw | Drwyddon nhw |
Hi | Drwyddi hi |
Mi | Hebddof i | Ni | Hebddon ni |
Ti | Hebddot ti | Chi | Hebddoch chi |
Fe/Fo | Hebddo fe / fo | Nhw | Hebddyn nhw |
Hi | Hebddi hi |
Mi | Gen i | Ni | Ganddon ni |
Ti | Gen ti | Chi | Gennych chi |
Fe/Fo | Ganddo fe / fo | Nhw | Ganddyn nhw |
Hi | Ganddi hi |
Mi | Rhyngddof i | Ni | Rhyngddon ni |
Ti | Rhyngddot ti | Chi | Rhyngddoch chi |
Fe/Fo | Rhyngddo fe / fo | Nhw | Rhyngddyn nhw |
Hi | Rhyngddi hi |
Mi | I mi / I fi | Ni | I ni |
Ti | I ti | Chi | I chi |
Fe/Fo | Iddo fe / fo | Nhw | Iddyn nhw |
Hi | Iddi hi |
Mi | Ohonof i | Ni | Ohonon ni |
Ti | Ohonot ti | Chi | Ohonoch chi |
Fe/Fo | Ohono fe / fo | Nhw | Ohonyn nhw |
Hi | Ohoni hi |
Mi | Wrthof i | Ni | Wrthon ni |
Ti | Wrthot ti | Chi | Wrthoch chi |
Fe/Fo | Wrtho fe / fo | Nhw | Wrthyn nhw |
Hi | Wrthi hi |
Mi | Ynddof i | Ni | Ynddon ni |
Ti | Ynddot ti | Chi | Ynddoch chi |
Fe/Fo | Ynddo fe / fo | Nhw | Ynddyn nhw |
Hi | Ynddi hi |
Mewn v. Yn
[edit | edit source]Mewn is used for indefinite situations. Yn is used for definite situations. Generally, mewn can be translated as in a.
e.g Dwi'n mynd mewn awyren.
I'm going in an aeroplane.
Ti'n gweithio mewn siop.
You work in a shop.
Ô'n i'n gwneud prawf cemeg yn yr ysgol heddiw.
I did a chemistry test in the school today.
Verb-nouns and Prepositions
[edit | edit source]By preposition
[edit | edit source]AR
- gwrando ar | Mae e'n gwrando ar y radio.
- gweiddi ar | Pam wyt ti'n gweiddi arna i?
- sylwi ar | [eg]
- gwenu ar | [eg]
- edrych ar | Gad i ni edrych ar y teledu.
AT
- anfon at | [eg]
- edrych ymlaen at | [eg]
- mynd at | [eg]
- ysgrifennu at | [eg]
I
- mynd i
WRTH
- dweud wrth
YN
- credu yn
- ymddiried yn
Â
- siarad â
- peidio â
By verb-noun
[edit | edit source]Gweithio:
- Gweithio i (work for)
- Gweithio ar (work on [something])
Siarad:
- Siarad â (speak to/with)
Dod:
- Dod ymlaen (to get on/to get along)