Wildlife Gardening/Evaluation tables/Herbs/Northeastern United States
ME NH VT MA CT RI NY NJ PA MD DE WV VA
Aconitum uncinatum File:Aconitum uncinatum illustration.jpg pollen nectar summer flowers fall flowers native bees
Actaea pachypoda File:Actaea-pachypoda.jpg pollen nectar spring flowers native bees
Agastache scrophulariifolia File:Agastache scrophulariifolia.jpg pollen nectar winter bird food summer flowers excellent for pollinators finches eat seeds
Agrimonia parviflora File:Agrimonia parviflora - Harvestlice.jpg
Amsonia tabernaemontana File:Amsonia nadrenska Amsonia tabernaemontana.jpg - not in WV pollen nectar spring flowers colorful autumn foliage deciduous ground cover good nectar plant for butterflies
Anemone canadensis File:Anemone canadensis kz01.jpg wildlife cover pollen nectar spring flowers deciduous ground cover pollinator friendly
Aquilegia canadensis File:Birds and nature (1900) (14775163513).jpg pollen nectar spring flowers deciduous ground cover excellent hummingbird plant
Arisaema triphyllum File:Jack-in-the-Pulpit (4751254398).jpg winter bird food mammal food spring flowers birds mammals disperse seeds
Aruncus dioicus File:Kitseenelas 1.jpg pollen nectar spring flowers excellent for pollinators
Asclepias incarnata pollen nectar caterpillar host plant summer flowers fragrant monarch host
Asclepias tuberosa pollen nectar caterpillar host plant summer flowers fragrant monarch host
Aster divaricatus File:Eurybia divaricata SCA-04316.jpg pollen nectar caterpillar host plant summer flowers fall flowers deciduous ground cover hosts 109 caterpillar species
Aster latiflorus File:Symphyotrichum lateriflorum FWS-2.jpg pollen nectar caterpillar host plant summer flowers fall flowers deciduous ground cover hosts 109 caterpillar species
Aster novae-angliae pollen nectar caterpillar host plant summer flowers fall flowers deciduous ground cover hosts 109 caterpillar species
Aster oblongifolius File:Aromatic Aster - Aster oblongifolius - 2.jpg pollen nectar caterpillar host plant summer flowers fall flowers deciduous ground cover hosts 109 caterpillar species
Aster puniceus File:Symphyotrichum puniceum flowers.jpg pollen nectar caterpillar host plant summer flowers fall flowers deciduous ground cover hosts 109 caterpillar species
Aster spectabilis File:Eurybia spectabilis kz4.jpg - not in WV pollen nectar caterpillar host plant summer flowers deciduous ground cover hosts 109 caterpillar species
Astilbe biternata File:Tawułki 02.jpg pollen nectar spring flowers summer flowers deciduous ground cover attracts butterflies
Baptisia australis File:Baptisia australis kz01.jpg caterpillar host spring flowers host for wild indigo duskywing and southern dogface butts
Boltonia asteroides File:Boltonia asteroides Nana 4zz.jpg- not in WV pollen nectar summer flowers excellent for fall pollinators
Cardamine concatenata File:Cardamine concatenata Radnor Lake.jpg pollen nectar spring flowers spring ephemeral native bees
Chelone glabra File:Chelone glabra Red River Gorge.JPG summer flowers fall flowers host for Baltimore checkerspot
Chrysopis mariana File:Chrysopsis mariana - Maryland Golden Aster.jpg pollen nectar summer flowers fall flowers good for pollinators likes sandy soil
Cimicifuga racemosa File:Actaea racemosa 005.JPG pollen nectar summer flowers fragrant excellent source of pollen and nectar in shady conditions
Coreopsis rosea- not in WV File:Coreopsis rosea.jpg pollen nectar spring flowers summer flowers decidious ground cover good spring forage for pollinators
Coreopsis lanceolata pollen nectar spring flowers summer flowers decidious ground cover good spring forage for pollinators
Coreopsis verticillata File:Coreopsis verticillata flowering 001.JPG pollen nectar spring flowers summer flowers decidious ground cover good spring forage for pollinators
Dicentra cucullaria File:Dicentra cucullaria WFNY-078k.jpg mammal food spring flowers rodents love tubers
Dicentra eximia File:Dollyflowers1 ForestWander.JPG mammal food spring flowers deciduous ground cover rodents love tubers
Erythronium americanum File:Erythronium americanum (yellow dogtooth violet; yellow trout lily) (Glen Echo Ravine, Columbus, Ohio, USA) 1 (33788488412).jpg pollen nectar spring flowers DGC pollinator friendly spring ephemeral
Eupatorium coelestinum File:Eupatorium coelestinum1.jpg pollen nectar summer flowers fall flowers DGC supports 41 species of caterpillar
Eupatorium dubium File:Gardenology.org-IMG 1435 bbg09.jpg pollen nectar pollen nectar summer flowers DGC supports 41 species of caterpillar
Eupatorium fistulosum pollen nectar pollen nectar pollen nectar summer flowers DGC supports 41 species of caterpillar
Eupatorium hyssopifolium File:Eupatorium hyssopifolium - Hyssop leaf Boneset.jpg pollen nectar pollen nectar pollen nectar summer flowers DGC supports 41 species of caterpillar
Eupatorium perfoliatum File:Eupatorium perfoliatum 0001.JPG pollen nectar pollen nectar pollen nectar summer flowers DGC supports 41 species of caterpillar
Eupatorium rotundifolium File:Eupatorium rotundifolium.jpg pollen nectar pollen nectar pollen nectar summer flowers DGC supports 41 species of caterpillar
Eupatorium rugosum File:Eupatorium-rugosum-flowers.JPG pollen nectar pollen nectar pollen nectar summer flowers DGC supports 41 species of caterpillar
Eupatorium serotinum File:Eupatorium serotinum kz02.jpg pollen nectar pollen nectar pollen nectar summer flowers DGC supports 41 species of caterpillar
Filipendula rubra File:Meadow sweet (8065558634).jpg pollen nectar summer flowers DGC butterflies and hummingbirds
Euphorbia corollata File:Euphorbia corollata kz01.jpg pollen nectar spring flowers summer flowers DGC pollinator friendly
Geranium maculatum File:Zindel Park Trails (9) (34133664694).jpg pollen nectar spring flowers DGC supports early season native bees
Helenium autumnale pollen nectar summer flowers fall flowers
Helianthus angustifolius File:Helianthus angustifolius 2.jpg pollen nectar winter bird food bird breeding food fall migrating bird food mammal food caterpillar host plant summer flowers fall flowers DGC supports 75 species of caterpillar
Heliopsis helianthoides File:False Yellow Sunflower Bunch PLT-FL-DS-10.jpg pollen nectar winter bird food summer flowers DGC midsummer pollenators
Heuchera americana File:Heuchera americana Green spice.jpg wildlife cover spring flowers DGC good ground cover
Hibiscus moscheutos File:Swamp Rosemallow (Hibiscus moscheutos) (20427271442).jpg pollen nectar caterpillar host plants summer flowers DGC hosts 20 species of caterpillars
Iris versicolor- not in WV File:Iris versicolor quebec 2.jpg wildlife cover spring flowers DGC wet areas
Jeffersonia diphylla File:Twinleaf - Jeffersonia diphylla, Carderock Park, Carderock, Maryland - 17061028111.jpg wildlife cover spring flowers DGC dense groundcover in shade
Lespedeza virginica File:Lespedeza virginica - Slender lespedeza.jpg wildlife cover pollen nectar winter bird food mammal food caterpillar host plant summer flowers DGC pollinator plant that serves as host for several skippers
Liatris spicata pollen nectar winter bird food caterpillar host plant summer flowers DGC excellent butterfly nectar larval host for camoflauged looper
Lobelia cardinalis File:Lobelia cardinalis Belize 2.jpg pollen nectar summer flowers fall flowers DGC one of the best plants for hummingbirds
Lobelia siphilitica File:Lobelia-syphilitica-habitus.JPG pollen nectar summer flowers fall flowers DGC one of the excellent plants for hummingbirds and sphinx moths
Ludwigia alternifolia File:Ludwigia alternifolia - Squarepod waterprimrose.jpg pollen nectar summer flowers DGC wetland plant
Lysimachia ciliata File:Lysimachia ciliata WFNY-162.jpg pollen nectar summer flowers DGC shade tolerant pollinator plant
Mertensia virginica File:Mertensia virginica (Flower).jpg wildlife cover pollen nectar spring flowers DGC cover in wet areas excelltn hummingbird plant
Mimulus ringens File:Mimulus ringens - Allegheny monkey flower.jpg pollen nectar caterpillar host plant summer flowers DGC common buckeye host
Monarda didyma File:BeeBalm.jpg wildlife cover birds nest pollen nectar summer flowers DGC excellent butterfly and hummingbird plant
Oenothera fruticosa File:Oenothera fruticosa subsp glauca.JPG pollen nectar winter bird food spring flowers summer flowers DGC valuable for native bees
Packera aurea File:Flickr - Nicholas T - Shenks Ferry Wildflower Preserve (2).jpg
Penstemon digitalis pollen nectar spring flowers summer flowers DGC
Phlox maculata wildlife cover pollen nectar summer flowers DGC nectar for hummingbird sphinx moths
Phlox paniculata File:02014.08 Blumen in Sanok.JPG wildlife cover pollen nectar summer flowers DGC nectar for hummingbird sphinx moths
Polemonium reptans File:Polemonium reptans 001.JPG wildlife cover pollen nectar spring flowers DGC
Polygonatum commutatum File:Polygonatum biflorum 1392157.jpg wildlife cover pollen nectar spring flowers
Pycnanthemum muticum File:Gardenology.org-IMG 2846 rbgs11jan.jpg wildlife cover pollen nectar summer flowers DGC "superior" pollen nectar source for bees and butts
Pycnanthemum tenuifolium File:Pycnanthemum tenuifolium 001.JPG wildlife cover pollen nectar summer flowers DGC "superior" pollen nectar source for bees and butts
Ratibida pinnata File:Ratibida pinnata (2).jpg pollen nectar winter bird food summer flowers good for pollinators and winter birds
Rudbeckia fulgida File:Rudbeckia hirta (4991283669).jpg pollen nectar winter bird food summer flowers DGC good for pollinators and winter birds
Rudbeckia laciniata File:Kępa kwiatu 534.jpg pollen nectar winter bird food summer flowers DGC good for pollinators and winter birds
Rudbeckia nitida- not in wv File:Rudbeckia herbstonne 1zz.jpg pollen nectar winter bird food summer flowers DGC good for pollinators and winter birds
Salvia lyrata File:Salvia lyrata - Lyreleaf Sage 2.jpg wildlife cover pollen nectar spring flowers DGC hummingbirds and butterflies
Sedum ternatum File:Sedum ternatum - Three leaved Stonecrop 2.jpg pollen nectar spring flowers evergreen ground cover
Senna hebecarpa File:Senna hebecarpa WFNY-104.jpg pollen nectar winter bird food caterpillar host plant summer flowers DGC larval host for several sulphur butterfly species
Silene virginica File:Silene virginica (18683679169).jpg pollen nectar winter bird food spring flowers
Sisyrinchium angustifolium File:Sisyrinchium angustifolium 06.JPG wildlife cover spring flowers DGC dense groundcover
Solidago caesia File:Solidago caesia001.jpg wildlife cover birds nest pollen nectar winter bird food caterpillar host plant summer flowers fall flowers DGC "excellent" meadow plant hosts 115 species of caterpillar
Solidago canadensis File:Solidago canadensis vallee-de-grace-amiens 80 21072007 3.jpg wildlife cover birds nest pollen nectar winter bird food caterpillar host plant summer flowers DGC "excellent" meadow plant hosts 115 species of caterpillar
Solidago graminifolia File:Euthamia graminifolia 001.JPG wildlife cover birds nest pollen nectar winter bird food caterpillar host plant summer flowers DGC "excellent" meadow plant hosts 115 species of caterpillar
Solidago rugosa File:Solidago rugosa.jpg wildlife cover birds nest pollen nectar winter bird food caterpillar host plant summer flowers fall flowers DGC "excellent" meadow plant hosts 115 species of caterpillar
Solidago speciosa File:Showy goldenrod plant solidago speciosa.jpg wildlife cover birds nest pollen nectar winter bird food caterpillar host plant summer flowers fall flowers DGC "excellent" meadow plant hosts 115 species of caterpillar
Verbena hastata File:Verbena hastata 0002.JPG pollen nectar summer flowers DGC wetland plant
Vernonia noveboracensis pollen nectar winter bird food summer flowers DGC important pollinator plant for damp soils
Veronicastrum virginicum File:U.S. Botanic Garden in July (23687511012).jpg pollen nectar spring flowers summer flowers DGC
Ferns
[edit | edit source]Native herbs of West Virginia | |||||||
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Taxon | Amphibians and fishes | Birds | Mammals | Reptiles | Invertebrates | Plants and fungi | Notes |
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wildlife cover. birds nest. deciduous groundcover. suitable for shady moist sites. | |
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wildlife cover. birds nest. deciduous groundcover. suitable for shady moist sites. | |
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wildlife cover. birds nest. deciduous groundcover. suitable for shady moist sites. suitable for "impoverished" and very acidic sites. | |
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wildlife cover. birds nest. deciduous groundcover. grows well around ponds and streams. | |
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wildlife cover. birds nest. deciduous groundcover. grows well around ponds and streams. | |
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wildlife cover. birds nest. deciduous groundcover. grows well around ponds and streams. | |
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wildlife cover. birds nest. evergreen groundcover. provides excellent groundcover for animals. | |
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wildlife cover. birds nest. evergreen groundcover. provides excellent groundcover for animals. |
Ferns- all wv
- Adiantum pedatum
- Athyrium filix-femina
- Denstaedtia punctilobula
- Onoclea sensibilis
- Osmunda cinnamomea
- Osmunda regalis
- Polystichum acrostichoides
- Thelypteris noveboracensis
Forbs
[edit | edit source]Native herbs of the northeastern United States | |||||||
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Taxon | Amphibians and fishes | Birds | Mammals | Reptiles | Invertebrates | Plants and fungi | Notes |
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Attracts bees and serves as a host for monarch butterfly caterpillars.[1] | |
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Fixes nitrogen for other plants and attracts Automeris io among many other pollinators.[1] | |
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Attracts bumblebees and butterflies.[1] | |
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Attracts bees and hoverflies.[1] | |
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Attracts a variety of bees, including Bombus (bumble bees), Megachile pugnata (leaf cutter bee), Melissodes, and Svastra.[1] | |
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Attracts bees and butterflies.[1] | |
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Attracts bumblebees.[1] | |
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Attracts bumblebees, honey bees, and leafcutter bees.[1] | |
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Its nectar attracts a great diversity of butterflies including monarchs, Aphelocomaskippers, Aphelocomasulfurs, and Aphelocomaswallowtails.[1] | |
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Extremely shade tolerant and prized nectar source for Bombus.[1] | |
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Attracts Bombus pennsylvanicus (long-tongued bumble bee), other Bombus species, Aphelocomahawk moths, and Aphelocomahummingbirds.[1] | |
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A semi-evergreen plant that produces large quantities of nectar that attracts honey bees, other bee species, butterflies and moths.[1] | |
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Fragrant foliage. Attracts bees as well as "Polyommatinaeblue and Lycaeninaecopper butterflies".[1] | |
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Attracts hoverflies and solitary wasps. CantharidaeSoldier beetles will also visit to feed on pollen.[1] | |
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Attracts bumblebee queens in the run-up to their hibernation as well as honeybees and monarch butterflies.[1] | |
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Shade tolerant. Helps bees produce good honey.[1] | |
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Attracts long-horned bees, other bee species, and butterflies.[1] |
Native herbs of West Virginia | |||||||
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Taxon | Amphibians and fishes | Birds | Mammals | Reptiles | Invertebrates | Plants and fungi | Notes |
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caterpillar host spring flowers deciduous groundcover host for American lady caters | |
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wildlife cover. spring flowers. deciduous groundcover. "excellent" groundcover. | |
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wildlife cover. pollen. nectar. caterpillar host plant. deciduous ground cover. good ground cover. host for skippers. | |
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wildlife cover. pollen. nectar. caterpillar host plant. deciduous ground cover. good ground cover. host for 36 species of caterpillar, including skippers. | |
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wildlife cover. pollen. nectar. caterpillar host plant. evergreen ground cover. good groundcover. host plant for skippers. | |
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wildlife cover. pollen. nectar. caterpillar host plant. spring flowers. deciduous ground cover. good ground cover. host for 36 species of caterpillar, including skippers. | |
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wildlife cover pollen nectar spring flowers deciduous groundcover. helps early summer pollinators. | |
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pollen nectar spring flowers evergreen groundcover. supports early season native bees. | |
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pollen nectar winter bird food spring flowers deciduous ground cover. | |
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wildlife cover. pollen. nectar. winter bird food. mammal food. spring flowers. summer flowers. evergreen groundcover. many birds and mammals eat berries. | |
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wildlife cover. pollen. nectar. spring flowers. deciduous groundcover. nectar for hummingbird sphinx moth. | |
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wildlife cover. pollen. nectar. summer flowers. deciduous groundcover. nectar for hummingbird sphinx moth. | |
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wildlife cover. pollen. nectar. summer flowers. evergreen groundcover. nectar for hummingbird sphinx moth. | |
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wildlife cover. pollen. nectar. spring flower. deciduous ground cover. fruit eaten by box turtles. | |
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pollen. nectar. mammal food. spring flowers. evergreen ground cover. "good early summer source of pollen and nectar". | |
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pollen. nectar. mammal food. spring flowers. evergreen ground cover. "good early summer source of pollen and nectar". | |
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pollen. nectar. spring flowers. evergreen ground cover. "some benefit" pollinators. | |
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wildlife cover. pollen. nectar. spring flower. deciduous ground cover. "excellent ground cover and spring pollinator plant". | |
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pollen. nectar. spring flowers. deciduous ground cover. host for Argynnis and Speyeria fritillaries. | |
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pollen. nectar. spring flowers. deciduous ground cover. host for Argynnis and Speyeria fritillaries. | |
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pollen. nectar. spring flowers. deciduous ground cover. host for Argynnis and Speyeria fritillaries. | |
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pollen. nectar. spring flowers. deciduous ground cover. host for Argynnis and Speyeria fritillaries. | |
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pollen. nectar. spring flowers. deciduous ground cover. host for Argynnis and Speyeria fritillaries. | |
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wildlife cover. pollen. nectar. spring flowers. deciduous groundcover. drought tolerant. |
groundcovers
- Antennaria dioica
- Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
- Asarum canadense
- Carex galucodea
- Carex pennsylvanica
- Carex platyphylla
- Carex stricta
- Chrysogonum virginianum
- Fragraria virginiana- not in wv
- Gaultheria procumbens
- Hepatica americana
- Maianthemum canadense
- Mitchella repens
- Pachysandra procumbens- not in wv
- Phlox divaricata
- Phlox maculata
- Phlox stolonifera
- Podophyllum peltatum
- Potentilla candensis
- Potentilla simplex
- Sedum ternatum
- Tiarella cordifolia
- Viola blanda
- Viola pallens
- Viola papilionacea
- Viola pedata
- Viola septentrionalis
- Waldsteinia fragrarioides
HP dry sites to check
- Agrimonia parviflora
- Amsonia tabernaemontana
- Anemone canadensis
- Aquilegia canadensis
- Arisaema triphyllum
- Asclepias tuberosa
- Aster divaricatus
- Aster latiflorus
- Aster novae-angliae
- Aster oblongifolius
- Aster spectabilis
- Baptisia australis
- Cardamine concatenata
- Chrysopis mariana
- Cimicifuga racemosa
- Coreopsis lanceolata
- Coreopsis verticillata
- Eupatorium hyssopifolium
- Eupatorium perfoliatum
- Eupatorium rotundifolium
- Eupatorium serotinum
- Euphorbia corollata
- Geranium maculatum
- Heliopsis helianthoides
- Heuchera americana
- Lespedeza virginica
- Mertensia virginica
- Oenothera fructicosa
- Packera aurea
- Phlox maculata
- Pycnathemum muticum
- Pycnanthemum tenuifolium
- Ratibida pinnata
- Rudbeckia fulgida
- Rudbeckia nitida
- Salvia lyrata
- Sedum ternatum
- Senna hebecarpa
- Silene virginica
- Sisyrinchium angustifolium
- Solidago caesia
- Solidago canadensis
- Solidago graminifolia
- Solidago rugosa
- Solidago speciosa
- Vernonicastrum virginicum
HP Moist sites to check
- Aconitum uncinatum
- Actaea pachypoda
- Agastache scrophulariifolia
- Aruncus dioicus
- Asclepias incarnata
- Aster puniceus
- Astilbe biternata
- Boltonia asteroides
- Chelone glabra
- Coreopsis rosea
- Dicentra cucullaria
- Dicentra eximia
- Erythronium americanum
- Eupatorium coelestinum
- Eupatorium dubium
- Eupatorium fistulosum
- Eupatorium rugosum
- Filipendula rubra
- Helenium autumnale
- Helianthus angustifolius
- Hibiscus moscheutos
- Iris versicolor
- Jeffersonia diphylla
- Liatris spicata
- Lobelia cardinalis
- Lobelia siphilitica
- Ludwigia alternifolia
- Lysimachia ciliata
- Mimulus ringens
- Monarda didyma
- Penstemon digitalis
- Phlox paniculata
- Polemonium reptans
- Polygonatum commutatum
- Rudbeckia laciniata
- Verbena hastata
- Vernonia noveboracensis
Graminoids
[edit | edit source]Native graminoids of the northeastern United States | |||||||
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Taxon | Amphibians and fishes | Birds | Mammals | Reptiles | Invertebrates | Plants and fungi | Notes |
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