Flora of New York/Hypericaceae, Podostemaceae, Elatinaceae

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The Malpighiales ... as described in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Website

Clade	Clade	Order	Family	Subfamily	Tribe	Genus	Common names	#
rosids	basal rosids	Vitales	Vitaceae	Vitoideae	Parthenocisseae	Parthenocissus	creeper, woodbine, ivy	3
					Viteae	Vitis	grape	8
					Ampelopsideae	Ampelopsis	peppervine	3
	basal fabids	Zygophyllales	Zygophyllaceae	Tribuloideae	—	Tribulus	puncturevine	1
	basal fabids	Zygophyllales	Zygophyllaceae	Zygophylloideae	—	Zygophyllum	beancaper	1
	fabids COM clade	Celastrales	Parnassiaceae	Parnassioideae	—	Parnassia	grass of parnassus	1
			Celastraceae	Celastroideae	—	Celastrus	bittersweet, staff vine	2
			Celastraceae	Celastroideae	—	Euonymus	burning bush, spindletree, wahoo	6
		Oxalidales	Oxalidaceae	—	—	Oxalis	woodsorrel	6
		Malpighiales	Hypericaceae	—	Hypericeae	Triadenum	marsh St. John's wort	2
			Hypericaceae	—	Hypericeae	Hypericum	St. John's wort	18
			Podostemaceae	Podostemoideae	—	Podostemum	river weed	1
			Elatinaceae	—	—	Elatine	water wort	3
			Violaceae	Violoideae	Violeae	Hybanthus	greenviolet	1
			Violaceae	Violoideae	Violeae	Viola	violet	57
			Salicaceae	Salicoideae	—	Populus	cottonwood, aspen, poplar	11
			Salicaceae	Salicoideae	—	Salix	willow	36
			Euphorbiaceae	Acalyphoideae	Acalypheae	Acalypha	copperleaf, three-seed mercury	4
						Mercurialis	herb mercury	1
						Ricinus	castor bean	1
				Crotonoideae	Crotoneae	Croton	rushfoil, hogwort	1
				Euphorbioideae	Euphorbieae	Euphorbia	spurge, sandmat	21
			Linaceae	Linoideae	Lineae	Linum	flax	9

Family Hypericaceae

The Hypericaceae (St. John's-wort family)

Tribe Hypericeae

Triadenum

Marsh St. Johnswort (Triadenum) species have also been placed in genus Hypericum, section Triadenioides.

Malpighiales — Hypericaceae — Hypericeae — Triadenum
Genus Triadenum Raf. (1808)	Marsh St. Johnswort	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Triadenum virginicum (L.) Raf. 1759. Hypericum virginicum L. 1813. Elodea campanulata Pursh 1837. Triadenum virginicum (L.) Raf. 1838. Elodes virginica (L.) Nutt.	Marsh St. John's wort, Virginia marsh St. John's wort	Native, CoC: 7, Secure, S5, G5 OBL Perennial, Herb-forb		NYFA: 5 GBIF	USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS LBJ Images Wikispecies
Triadenum fraseri (Spach) Gleason 1836. Elodes fraseri Spach 1836. Elodea fraseri Spach 1840. Hypericum fraseri (Spach) Steud. 1936. Hypericum virginicum var. fraseri (Spach) Fernald 1947. Triadenum fraseri (Spach) Gleason 1979. Triadenum virginicum ssp. fraseri (Spach) J.M.Gillett	Fraser's marsh St. Johnswort	Native, Secure		NYFA: 5 GBIF	USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies

Hypericum

The genus Hypericum is organized here into sections as treated by Robson (2016).^[1] The name Hypericum was derived from the Greek hyper (above) and eikon (picture), possibly indicating that the flowers of these plants were hung above pictures or windows.

↑ Norman K.B. Robson (2016) Flora of North America, Volume 6, 24-Apr-2016

Hypericum sect. Brathys

Robson describes this group as an "informal sect. group." It combines the New York Hypericum species which were previously placed in sections Brathys and Trigynobrathys.

Malpighiales — Hypericaceae — Hypericeae — Hypericum sect. Brathys
Genus Hypericum sect. Brathys	St. John's-wort	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Hypericum mutilum L. 1753. Hypericum mutilum L.	Dwarf St. John's-wort	Native, CoC: 6, Secure		NYFA: 5	USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Hypericum boreale (Britton) E.P.Bicknell 1891. H. canadense var. boreale Britton 1895. H. boreale (Britton) E.P.Bicknell 1895. H. mutilum var. boreale E.P.Bicknell provis. 1979. H. mutilum ssp. boreale J.M.Gillett	Northern St. Johnswort, Northern St. John's-wort	Native, CoC: 7, Secure		NYFA: 5	USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Hypericum majus (A.Gray) Britton 1867. H. canadense var. majus A.Gray 1894. H. majus (A.Gray) Britton 1908. H. mutilum var. longifolium R. Keller 1951. H. blackstonioides Obern. (i) 1951. Sarothra major in…	Greater Canadian St. John's-wort, Larger Canadian St. John's-wort, Large St. Johnswort	Native, CoC: 6, Secure		NYFA: 5	USDA-NN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Hypericum canadense L.	Lesser Canadian St. John's wort, Lesser Canadian St. Johnswort, Canadian St. John's-wort, Lesser St. Johns-wort	Native, CoC: 6, Secure		NYFA: 5	USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies
Hypericum gentianoides (L.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.	Orangegrass, Orange-grass St. John's-wort, Pineweed	Native, CoC: 4, Secure		NYFA: 5	USDA-NN ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies
Hypericum denticulatum Walter	Coppery St. Johnswort, Coppery St. John's-wort	Native, CoC: 10, Endangered, NYNHP: 1^[1]		NYFA: 1	USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies
Hypericum × dissimulatum E.P.Bicknell (pro. sp.) Hypericum boreale × Hypericum canadense 1895. Hypericum canadense var. parvicarpum E.P.Bicknell 1913. H. dissimulatum E.P.Bicknell	Disguised St. John's-wort	Native, Endangered		NYFA: 1?	USDA-NN Go Botany ITIS Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Genus Hypericum sect. Brathys (excluded taxa)	St. John's-wort	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Hypericum gymnanthum Engelm. & A.Gray	Claspingleaf St. John's-wort, Clasping-leaved St. John's-wort	N. America native, N.Y. excluded		NYFA-Excluded	USDA-N0 ARS-GRIN ITIS Images Wikispecies
↑ New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Hypericum denticulatum. Endangered, S1/G5.

Hypericum sect. Myriandra

The species of Hypericum sect. Myriandra are shrubs or subshrubs.^[1]

↑ Norman K. B. Robson. Hypericum sect. Myriandra (Spach) R. Keller Flora of North America 6:7 Hypericaceae

Malpighiales — Hypericaceae — Hypericeae — Hypericum sect. Myriandra
Genus Hypericum sect. Myriandra subsect. Suturosperma	St. John's-wort	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Hypericum ellipticum Hook. 1831. Hypericum ellipticum Hook. 1836. Brathydium canadense Spach 1840. H. brathydium Steudel 1908. H. canadense var. oviforme R Keller	Pale St. Johnswort, Pale St. John's-wort, Elliptic St. John's-wort, Elliptic-leaved St. John's-wort Millepertuis elliptique	Native, CoC: 6, Secure, S5, G5 OBL Perennial, Herb-forb		NYFA: 5 iNat	USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies
Hypericum adpressum W.P.C.Barton 1818. Hypericum adpressum W.P.C.Barton 1821. Hypericum fastigiatum Elliott 1840. H. adpressum var. fastigiatum (Elliott) Torr. & A.Gray 1853. Brathydium fastigiatum in… 1853. Myriandra adpressa in…	Creeping St. John's-wort	Native, CoC: 10, Threatened, NYNHP: 2^[1] OBL Perennial, Herb-forb		NYFA: 2 iNat	USDA-N Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Genus Hypericum sect. Myriandra subsect. Centrosperma	St. John's-wort	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Hypericum prolificum L. 1767. Hypericum prolificum L. 1836. Myriandra ledifolia Spach 1836. M. spathulata Spach 1836. M. prolifica (L.) Spach 1840. H. spathulatum (Spach) Steud. 1856. Brathys prolifica (L.) Payer	Shrubby St. Johnswort, Shrubby St. John's-wort Millepertuis prolifère	Native, CoC: 3, Threatened, S2, G5, NYNHP: 2^[2] FACU Perennial, Shrub, Sun - part shade		Allegany, Broome, Cattaraugus, Chenango, Columbia, Nassau, Niagara, Oswego, Saratoga, Seneca, Suffolk, Warren, Westchester NYFA: 2 iNat	USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos BONAP LBJ MBG Images Wikispecies
Hypericum densiflorum Pursh 1813. Hypericum densiflorum Pursh 1856. H. prolificum var. densiflorum (Pursh) A.Gray	Bushy St. John's-wort	Native, CoC: 10, Endangered, S1, NYNHP: 1^[3] FACW Perennial, Shrub		Nassau, Queens, Suffolk NYFA: 1 iNat	USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Hypericum kalmianum L. 1753. Hypericum kalmianum L. 1853. Norysca kalmiana (L.) K. Koch	Kalm's St. John's-wort	Native, CoC: 10, Likely extirpated, SX, G4 FACW		Niagara (1817-1901) NYFA: Z iNat	USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Hypericum frondosum Michx. 1791. H. aureum W.Bartram (i) 1803. H. frondosum Michx. 1814. H. amoenum Pursh 1901. H. splendens Small	Golden St. John's-wort, Cedarglade St. Johnswort	Introduced, Not naturalized, Cultivated		Warren (1945) NYFA: X iNat	USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA Tropicos NatureServe BONAP Images Wikispecies
Genus Hypericum sect. Myriandra subsect. Ascyrum	St. John's-wort	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Hypericum stragulum W.P.Adams & N.Robson 1803. Ascyrum multicaule Michx. ex Willd. 1936. A. hypericoides var. multicaule (Michx. ex Willd.) Fernald 1961. Hypericum stragulum in… 1980. H. hypericoides ssp. multicaule (Michx. ex Willd.) N.Robson	Low St. John's-wort, St. Andrew's cross, Multi-stemmed St. John's-wort	Native, CoC: 5, Endangered, NYNHP: 1^[4] FACU Perennial, Shrub, subshrub		Nassau, Suffolk NYFA: 1	USDA-N0 Go Botany ARS-GRIN FNA Images Wikispecies
Hypericum hypericoides (L.) Crantz 1753. Ascyrum hypericoides L. 1766. H. hypericoides (L.) Crantz	St. Andrew’s cross	N. America native, N.Y. excluded		excluded NYFA-Excluded	USDA-N0 FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Hypericum crux-andreae (L.) Cranz 1753. Ascyrum crux-andreae L. 1766. Hypericum crux-andreae (L.) Cranz	St. Peter's-wort	N. America native, N.Y. excluded		excluded NYFA-Excluded	FNA Tropicos Images Wikispecies
↑ New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Hypericum adpressum. Threatened, S2/G3. ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Hypericum prolificum. Threatened, S2/G5. ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Hypericum densiflorum. Endangered, S1/G5. ↑ New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Hypericum hypericoides ssp. multicaule. Endangered, S1/G5T4.

Hypericum sect. Roscyna

Section Roscyna contains the great or giant St. John's wort (Hypericum ascyron), which is native to Asia and northeastern North America. The rare native subspecies H. ascyron ssp. pyramidatum is present in New York, while the Asian subspecies do not appear to be present in the wild.

Malpighiales — Hypericaceae — Hypericeae — Hypericum sect. Roscyna
Genus Hypericum sect. Roscyna	St. John's-wort	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Hypericum ascyron L. ssp. pyramidatum (Aiton) N. Robson 1789. H. pyramidatum Aiton 1797. H. amplexicaule Lam. (i) 1802. H. ascyroides Willd. 1803. H. macrocarpum Michx. 1813. H. bartramianum Pursh 1836. Roscyna americana Spach 1951. H. ascyronvar. americanum 2001. H. ascyronssp. pyramidatum	Great St. John's-wort, American great St. Johnswort, Giant St. John's-wort Millepertuis à grandes fleurs, Millepertuis à grande fleur, Millepertuis faux-ascyrum, Millepertuis pyramidal	Native, CoC: 8, Rare FAC Perennial, Herb-forb		NYFA: 3	USDA-NN Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN ITIS FNA FoC Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies Note: IW
Genus Hypericum sect. Roscyna (excluded taxa)	St. John's-wort	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Hypericum ascyron L. ssp. ascyron 1753. Hypericum ascyron L. 1856. Roscyna japonica Blume	Asian great St. Johnswort Millepertuis ascyron, Huang hai tang, Yuan ya zhong	Introduced from Asia, N.Y. excluded		NYFA-Excluded	USDA-NN VASCAN ARS-GRIN FoC Tropicos Images Wikispecies
Hypericum ascyron L. ssp. gebleri (Ledeb.) N. Robson 1831. H. gebleri Ledeb. 1831. H. ascyronvar. macrosepalum 1836. Roscyna gebleri (Ledeb.) Spach 1859. H. ascyronvar. brevistylum 2001. H. ascyronssp. gebleri	North-Asian great St. Johnswort, Siberian great St. Johnswort, Short-style great St. Johnswort Duan zhu huang hai tang	Introduced from northern Asia, Impersistent			USDA-NN ARS-GRIN FoC Tropicos Images Wikispecies

Hypericum sect. Hypericum

Malpighiales — Hypericaceae — Hypericeae — Hypericum sect. Hypericum
Genus Hypericum sect. Hypericum	St. John's-wort	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Hypericum punctatum Lam. H. subpetiolatum	Spotted St. Johnswort, Spotted St. John's-wort	Native, CoC: 4, Secure FAC Perennial, Herb-forb		NYFA: 5	USDA-NN Go Botany ARS-GRIN Images Wikispecies
Hypericum perforatum L. ssp. perforatum 1753. Hypericum perforatum L. 1763. H. officinarum (L.) Crantz (i) 1778. H. vulgare (L.) Lam. (i) 1789. H. officinale (L.) L.Gaterau (i) 1833. H. marylandicum Biroli ex Colla 1877. H. perforatum var. confertiflorum Debeaux 1907. H. perforatum var. microphyllum H. Lév. 1941. H. nachitschevanicum Grossh.	Common St. John's-wort, Perforate St. John's-wort, Klamathweed, Goatweed, Eola-weed, Tipton's weed, Rosin-rose Millepertuis commun, Millepertuis perforé	Introduced from Eurasia, northern Africa, Somewhat invasive, NYIS: 47%^[1], IO		NYFA: X	USDA-XX Go Botany VASCAN ARS-GRIN FoC Tropicos NatureServe BONAP IPN Images Wikispecies
↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Hypericum perforatum: Low (47).

Hypericum sect. Oligostema

*Hypericum humifusum*
trailing St. John's-wort

Malpighiales — Hypericaceae — Hypericeae — Hypericum sect. Oligostema
Genus Hypericum sect. Oligostema	St. John's-wort	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Hypericum humifusum L. 1753. H. humifusum L.	Trailing St. John's-wort	Introduced, Not naturalized, Impersistent		NYFA: X NYFA: Queens (1879) iNat No observations	USDA-X0 ARS-GRIN ITIS Tropicos BONAP Images Wikispecies

Family Podostemaceae

The Podostemaceae (riverweed family) …

Subfamily Podostemoideae

Podostemum

Malpighiales — Podostemaceae — Podostemoideae — Podostemum
Genus Podostemum	River weed	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Podostemum ceratophyllum Michx. Podostemum abrotanoides	Riverweed, Threadfoot, Hornleaf riverweed, River-moss	Native, CoC: 8, Threatened OBL Perennial, Herb-forb		NYFA: 2	USDA-NN ITIS BONAP Images Wikispecies

Family Elatinaceae

The Elatinaceae is a small family with probably fewer than 50 species and only two genera worldwide. Only one genus (Elatine) has species that are native or naturalized in New York.

Elatine

Genus Elatine (waterworts).

Malpighiales — Elatinaceae — Elatine
Genus Elatine	Water wort	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Elatine minima (Nutt.) Fisch. & C.A.Mey.	Small water-wort	Native, Likely secure		NYFA: 4	USDA-NN Go Botany Images Wikispecies
Elatine americana (Pursh) Arn.	American water-wort	Native, CoC: 9, Endangered, S1, G4 OBL Annual, Herb-forb		NYFA: 1 NYFA: 9 counties no observations	USDA-N0 Go Botany Images Wikispecies
Elatine triandra Schkuhr	Eurasian waterwort ⓘ Threestamen waterwort Three-stamened waterwort	Introduced, Naturalized, SNA OBL Annual, Herb-forb		NYFA: X NYFA: 4 counties GBIF no observations	USDA-NN POWO Go Botany BONAP Images Wikispecies

[1] Norman K.B. Robson (2016) Flora of North America, Volume 6, 24-Apr-2016

[2] New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Hypericum denticulatum. Endangered, S1/G5.

[3] Norman K. B. Robson. Hypericum sect. Myriandra (Spach) R. Keller Flora of North America 6:7 Hypericaceae

[4] New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Hypericum adpressum. Threatened, S2/G3.

[5] New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Hypericum prolificum. Threatened, S2/G5.

[6] New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Hypericum densiflorum. Endangered, S1/G5.

[7] New York Natural Heritage Program. 2024. Online Conservation Guide for Hypericum hypericoides ssp. multicaule. Endangered, S1/G5T4.

[8] New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Hypericum perforatum: Low (47).

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