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False Friends of the Slavist/Slovenian

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Slovenščina (Slovenian)

(c. 2 million native speakers)


banka
  • is a complete false friend for about 288 million native speakers of Russian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 33.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Czech, Slovak.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘bank, credit bank’ is shared by Cr. banka, Bo. banka, Sb. банка, Cz. banka, Slk. banka.
  • The meaning ‘(Br.) tin, (Am.) can’ (škatla) is attested in R. банка.
  • The meaning ‘container, can’ (posoda) is attested in Pol. bańka, Slk. banka.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Mk., Bg.]
beseda

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘word’ is unique.
  • The meaning ‘talk’ (pogovor, razgovor, pomenek) is attested in R. беседа, Pol. biesiada, Bg. беседа, Cz. beseda, Slk. beseda.
  • The meaning ‘party, ceremony’ (počitek, slavnost) is attested in Blr. бяседа.
[NB: No information yet for Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk.]
bister
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian.
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 6 million native speakers of Slovak.
  • is a true friend for about 10 million native speakers of Czech.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘clear’ is unique.
  • The Slovenian meaning ‘lively, awake’ is shared by Slk. bystrý.
  • The Slovenian meaning ‘clever, smart’ is shared by Cz. bystrý, Slk. bystrý.
  • The meaning ‘fast, quick’ (hiter, uren) is attested in R. быстрый, Slk. bystrý.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk., Bg.]
brus
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for ....

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘whetstone’ is unique.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Cz., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cr., Bo., Sb., Svk. Mk., Bg.]
bolje
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 17.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Polish.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘better’ is shared by Cr. bolje, Bo. bolje, Sb. боље.
  • The meaning ‘more’ (bolj) is attested in R. более.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Mk., Bg.]
bor
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 256 million native speakers of Russian, Slovak;
  • does not have all its Slovenian meanings in the mother tongue of about 260 million speakers of Russian, Czech;
  • is a true friend for about 8 million native speakers of Bulgarian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘pine-tree’ is shared by Bg. бор, Slk. bor.
  • The Slovenian meaning ‘boron’ is shared by R. бор, Bg. бор, Cz. bor, Slk. bór
  • The meaning ‘a wood of pine-trees’ (borovje, borov gozd) is attested in R. бор, Slk. bor.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk.]
brati
  • is a complete false friend for about 266 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Slovak.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘read’ is unique.
  • The Slovenian meaning ‘collect’ is unique.
  • The meaning ‘take’ (jemati) is attested in R. брать, brát, brať.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk., Bg.]
čas
  • is a complete false friend for about 271.5 million native speakers of Russian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 99 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Croatian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘time’ is shared by Blr. час, Ukr. час, Pol. czas, Cz. čas, Slk. čas.
  • The meaning ‘hour’ (ura) is attested in R. час, Bo. čas, Sb. час, Mk. час, Bg. час.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
človek
  • is a complete false friend for about 37 million native speakers of Ukrainian;
  • is a true friend for about 266 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Slovak.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘man, human being’ is shared by R. человек, Cz. člověk, Slk. človek.
  • The meaning ‘husband’ (soprog, zakonec) is attested in Ukr. чоловік.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk., Bg.]
dete

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘baby’, infant, is unique.
  • The meaning ‘child’ (otrok) is attested in Cz. dítě, Cr. dijete, Bo. dijete, Sb. дете.
[NB: No information yet for R., Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk., Mk., Bg.]
dinja
  • is a complete false friend for about 46 million native speakers of Polish, Bulgarian.
  • is a true friend for about 306.5 million native speakers of Russian, Ukrainian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 6 million native speakers of Slovak.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘sweet melon’ is shared by R. дыня, Ukr. диня, Cr. dinja, Bo. dinja, Sb. диња, Mk. диња, Slk. dyňa.
  • The meaning ‘watermelon’ (lubenica) is attested in Bg. диня, Slk. dyňa.
  • The meaning ‘pumpkin’ (buča, tikva) is attested in Pol. dynia.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk.]
divan
  • is a complete false friend for about 46 million native speakers of Belarusian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 283.5 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Ukrainian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘settee, sofa’ is shared by R. диван, Cz. divan, Slk. diván, Cr. divan, Bo. divan, Sb. диван.
  • The meaning ‘carpet’ (preproga) is attested in Blr. дыван, Pol. dywan.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
dob

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘oak tree’ is unique.
  • The meaning ‘age’ (starost) is attested in Cr. dob, Bo. dob, Sb. доб.
[NB: No information yet for R., Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Mk., Bg.]
doba
  • is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 16 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak;
  • is a true friend for about 25.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Bulgarian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘time, era, period’ is shared by Cz. doba, Slk. doba, Cr. doba, Bo. doba, Sb. доба, Bg. доба.
  • The meaning ‘day (24 hours)’ (dan (24 ur)) is attested in Pol. doba.
  • The meaning ‘time, duration’ (trajnost) is attested in Cz. doba, Slk. doba.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo., Mk.]
Dunaj

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[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo.]
glava
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 256 million native speakers of Russian, Slovak;
  • does not have all its Slovenian meanings in the mother tongue of about 10 million speakers of Czech.

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[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk., Bg.]
gora
  • is a complete false friend for about 8 million native speakers of Bulgarian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 6 million native speakers of Slovak;
  • is a true friend for about 360.5 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Macedonian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘mountain’ is shared by R. гора, Blr. гара, Ukr. гора, Pol. góra, Cz. hora, Slk. hora, Cr. gora, Bo. gora, Sb. гора.
  • The meaning ‘forest’ (gozd, les) is attested in Slk. hora, Bg. гора.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
grad
  • is a complete false friend for about 305.5 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak.

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[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Mk., Bg.]
hlad
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 17.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • is a complete false friend for about 6 million native speakers of Slovak.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘coolness’ is shared by Cr. hlad, Bo. hlad, Sb. хлад.
  • The meaning ‘cold(ness)’ (mraz) is attested in R. холод.
  • The meaning ‘shadow’ (senca) is attested in Cr. hlad, Bo. hlad, Sb. хлад.
  • The meaning ‘hunger’ (lakota) is attested in Slk. hlad.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Mk., Bg.]
igrati

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
jagoda

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[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo.]
koča

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘hut’ is unique.
  • The meaning ‘house’ (hiša, dom) is attested in Cr. kuća, Bo. kuća.
  • The meaning ‘heap’ (kup, kopica) is attested in R. куча.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sb., Mk., Bg.]
kolo
  • is a complete false friend for about 44 million native speakers of Polish, Slovak;
  • is a true friend for about 50,000 native speakers of Kashubian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘bicycle’ is shared by Ka. kòło.
  • The meaning ‘circle’ (krog) is attested in Pol. koło, Slk. kolo.
  • The meaning ‘lap’ (krog) is attested in Slk. kolo.
[NB: No information yet for R., Blr., Ukr., LSo., USo., Cz., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk., Bg.]
kovček
  • is a complete false friend for about 268 million native speakers of Russian, Serbian, Bulgarian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 7.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Polish, Czech, Slovak.

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[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Mk.]
kraj
  • is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 37 million native speakers of Ukrainian;
  • does not have all its Slovenian meanings in the mother tongue of about 276 million speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Czech, Slovak, Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 25.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘edge’ is shared by R. край, Blr. край, Ukr. край, Cz. kraj, Slk. kraj, Cr. kraj, Bo. kraj, Sb. крај, Bg. край.
  • The Slovenian meaning ‘end’ is shared by Ukr. край, Cr. kraj, Bo. kraj, Sb. крај, Mk. крај, Bg. край.
  • The Slovenian meaning ‘region’ is shared by R. край, Blr. край, Ukr. край, Cz. kraj, Slk. kraj, Cr. kraj, Bo. kraj, Sb. крај, Mk. крај, Bg. край.
  • The meaning ‘country’ (zemlja, dežela) is attested in Ukr. край, Pol. kraj.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
lekarna
  • is a complete false friend for about 37 million native speakers of Ukrainian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Russian, Belarusian, Polish, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘chemist’s, pharmacy’ is shared by Cz. lékárna, Slk. lekáreň.
  • The meaning ‘hospital’ (bolnica) is attested in Ukr. лікарня.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
leto

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
lice
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 261.5 million native speakers of Russian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • does not have all its Slovenian meanings in the mother tongue of about 273.5 million speakers of Russian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Slovak.
  • is a true friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish.

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[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Mk., Bg.]
ličen
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian.
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Slovak.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘beautiful’ is unique.
  • The meaning ‘personal’ (oseben) is attested in R. личный.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk., Bg.]
list
  • is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 51.0 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Kashubian, Slovak;
  • does not have all its Slovenian meanings in the mother tongue of about 50,000 speakers of Kashubian;
  • is a true friend for about 287.5 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘sheet of paper’ is shared by R. лист, Blr. ліст, аркуш, Ukr. лист, Cz. list, Slk. list, Cr. list, Bo. list, Sb. лист, Mk. лист, Bg. лист.
  • The Slovenian meaning ‘leaf’ is shared by R. лист, Blr. ліст, Ukr. лист, Ka. lëst, Cz. list, Slk. list, Cr. list, Bo. list, Sb. лист, Mk. лист, Bg. лист.
  • The meaning ‘letter’ (pismo) is attested in Blr. ліст, пісьмо, Ukr. лист, Pol. list, Ka. lëst, Slk. list.
[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo.]
listopad

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo.]
masa
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 10 million native speakers of Macedonian, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 366.5 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘mass’ is shared by R. масса, Blr. маса, Ukr. маса, Pol. masa, Cz. masa, Slk. masa, Cr. masa, Bo. masa, Sb. маса, Mk. маса, Bg. маса.
  • The meaning ‘table’ (miza) is attested in Mk. маса, Bg. маса.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
mož
  • does not have all its Slovenian meanings in the mother tongue of about 313.5 million speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Polish, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • is a true friend for about 63 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Czech, Slovak, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘man’ (mož, moški) is shared by Ukr. муж, Cz. muž, Slk. muž, Mk. маж, Bg. мъж.
  • The Slovenian meaning ‘husband’ is shared by R. муж, Blr. муж, Ukr. муж, чоловік, Pol. mąż, Cz. muž, Slk. muž, Cr. muž, Bo. muž, Sb. муж, Mk. маж, Bg. мъж.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
nagel

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
nedelja
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 23.5 million native speakers of Czech, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 103 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Slovak, Croatian, Bulgarian.

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
obraz

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[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Mk.]
otrok
  • is a complete false friend for about 16 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘child’ is unique.
  • The meaning ‘slave’ (suženj) is attested in Cz. otrok, Slk. otrok.
[NB: No information yet for R., Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk., Bg.]
para
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 83 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 43.5 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘steam’ is shared by Blr. пара, Ukr. пара, Pol. para, Cz. pára, Slk. para, Cr. para, Bo. para, Sb. пара, Mk. пара, Bg. пара.
  • The meaning ‘pair’ (par) is attested in R. пара, Blr. пара, Ukr. пара, Pol. para.
  • The meaning ‘a couple of, some’ (nekaj) is attested in R. пара, Blr. пара, Ukr. пара, Pol. parę.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
Pepelnica
  • is a complete false friend for about 304 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovak;
  • is a true friend for about 6 million native speakers of Croatian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Bosnian, Serbian.

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[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Mk., Bg.]
pisar
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 38 million native speakers of Polish.
  • is a true friend for about 271.5 million native speakers of Russian, Croatian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Slovak.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘scribe’ is shared by R. писарь, Pol. pisarz, Cr. pisar, Bo. pisar, Bg. писар, Slk. pisár.
  • The meaning ‘writer’ (pisatelj) is attested in Pol. pisarz.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Sb., Mk.]
pisec
  • is a complete false friend for about 7.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian;
  • is a true friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian.
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Slovak.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘scribe’ is shared by R. писец.
  • The meaning ‘writer’ (pisatelj) is attested in Cr. pisac, Bo. pisac.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Sb., Mk., Bg.]
plot
  • is a complete false friend for about 258 million native speakers of Russian, Bulgarian.
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 2 million native speakers of Macedonian.
  • is a true friend for about 71.5 million native speakers of Polish, Czech, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Slovak.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘fence’ is shared by Pol. płot, Cz. plot, Cr. plot, Bo. plot, Sb. плот, Mk. плот, Slk. plot.
  • The meaning ‘body, flesh’ (telo) is attested in R. плоть, Mk. плот, Bg. плът.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo.]
pokoj
  • is a complete false friend for about 46 million native speakers of Belarusian, Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 266.0 million native speakers of Russian, Kashubian, Czech, Slovak;
  • is a true friend for about 20 million native speakers of Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Ukrainian, Croatian.

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[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo., Bo.]
poldan
  • is a complete false friend for about 37 million native speakers of Ukrainian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 46.0 million native speakers of Belarusian, Polish, Kashubian;
  • is a true friend for about 293.5 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo.]
polnoč
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 83 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 293.5 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘midnight’ is shared by R. полночь, Blr. поўнач, Ukr. північ, Pol. północ, Cz. půlnoc, Slk. polnoc, Cr. ponoć, Bo. ponoć, Sb. поноћ, Mk. полноќ, Bg. полунощ.
  • The meaning ‘north’ (sever) is attested in Blr. поўнач, Ukr. північ, Pol. północ.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
ponos
  • is a complete false friend for about 256 million native speakers of Russian, Slovak.
  • is a true friend for about 17.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘pride’ is shared by Cr. ponos, Bo. ponos, Sb. понос.
  • The meaning ‘diarrhoea’ (driska) is attested in R. понос.
  • The meaning ‘complaint’ (pritožba) is attested in Slk. ponos.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Mk., Bg.]
povest

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
prosto
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 83 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 293.5 million native speakers of Russian, Kashubian, Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo.]
puška
  • is a complete false friend for about 288 million native speakers of Russian, Polish.
  • is a true friend for about 23.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Slovak.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘rifle’ is shared by Cr. puška, Bo. puška, Sb. пушка, Slk. puška.
  • The meaning ‘canon’ (top) is attested in R. пушка.
  • The meaning ‘(Br.) tin, (Am.) can’ (pušica, spojnica) is attested in Pol. puszka.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Mk., Bg.]
reč

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘matter’ is shared by Blr. рэч, Ukr. річ, Pol. rzecz.
  • The meaning ‘word’ (beseda) is attested in Cr. riječ, Bo. riječ, Sb. реч.
  • The meaning ‘speech’ (govor) is attested in R. речь, Cz. řeč, Slk. reč, Mk. реч, Bg. реч.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
rodbina

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘relations’ is shared by Cr. rodbina, Bo. rodbina, Sb. родбина, Mk. родбина.
  • The meaning ‘family’ (družina) is attested in Ukr. родина, Pol. rodzina, Cz. rodina, Slk. rodina.
  • The meaning ‘motherland, home region’ (domovina) is attested in R. родина, Blr. радзіна, Bg. родина.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
rok
  • is a complete false friend for about 298 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech;
  • is a true friend for about 19.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedo-nian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Bulgarian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘fixed time, set term, deadline’ is shared by Cr. rok, Bo. rok, Sb. рок, Mk. рок.
  • The meaning ‘year’ (leto) is attested in Pol. rok, Cz. rok.
  • The meaning ‘destiny, fate’ (usoda) is attested in R. рок.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk.]
rus
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian.
  • is a true friend for about 23.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Slovak..

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘sandy, red’ is shared by Cr. rus, Bo. rus, Sb. рус, Slk. rusý.
  • The meaning ‘blond, fair’ (temno plav) is attested in R. русый.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Mk., Bg.]
sad

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘fruit’ is unique.
  • The meaning ‘garden’ (vrt) is attested in R. сад, Cz. sad, Slk. sad.
  • The meaning ‘orchard’ (sadovnjak) is attested in Pol. sad.
  • The meaning ‘now’ (zdaj) is attested in Cr. sad, Bo. sad, Sb. сад.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Mk.]
sklep
  • is a complete false friend for about 335.0 million native speakers of Russian, Ukrainian, Polish, Kashubian, Czech.
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Bulgarian.
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 44 million native speakers of Polish, Slovak.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘decision’ is unique.
  • The meaning ‘shop’ (prodajalna, trgovina) is attested in Pol. sklep, Slk (zast.). sklep.
  • The meaning ‘cellar’ (klet, podpritličje, prizemlje) is attested in Ukr. склеп, Ka. sklep, Cz. sklep.
  • The meaning ‘tomb, vault’ (grobnica) is attested in R. склеп, Ukr. склеп, Ka. sklep.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., LSo., USo., Mk.]
slovenski
  • is a complete false friend for about 28 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak, Serbian, Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 348.6 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Kashubian, Lower Sorbian, Upper Sorbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘Slovenian’ is shared by R. словенский, Blr. славенскі, Ukr. словінський, Pol. słoweński, Ka. słowensczi, LSo. słowjeński, USo. słowjenski, Cr. slovenski, Bo. slovenski, Bg. словенски.
  • The meaning ‘Slovak’ (slovaški) is attested in Cz. slovenský, Slk. slovenský.
  • The meaning ‘Slavonic’ (slovanski) is attested in Sb. словенски, Mk. словенски.
[NB: Information complete.]
slovo

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
smetana
  • is a complete false friend for about 287 million native speakers of Russian, Ukrainian;
  • is a true friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘cream’ is shared by Pol. śmietana.
  • The meaning ‘sour cream’ (kisla smetana) is attested in R. сметана, Ukr. сметана.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk., Bg.]
srpen (mali, veliki)
  • does not have all its Slovenian meanings in the mother tongue of about 91 million speakers of Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Croatian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Russian, Belarusian, Slovak, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘July’ (mali srpen) is shared by Cr. srpanj.
  • The Slovenian meaning ‘August’ (veliki srpen) is shared by Ukr. серпень, Pol. sierpień, Cz. srpen.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
sto
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 17.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • is a true friend for about 359 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘a hundred’ is shared by R. сто, Blr. сто, Ukr. сто, Pol. sto, Cz. sto, Slk. sto, Cr. sto, Bo. sto, Sb. сто, Mk. сто, Bg. сто.
  • The meaning ‘table’ (miza) is attested in Cr. sto, Bo. sto, Sb. сто.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
stol

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
stolica

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[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo.]
stran
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 24 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak, Bulgarian;
  • does not have all its Slovenian meanings in the mother tongue of about 83.0 million speakers of Ukrainian, Polish, Kashubian, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 19.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedo-nian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘side’ is shared by Ukr. сторона, Pol. strona, Ka. strona, Cz. strana, Slk. strana, Cr. strana, Bo. strana, Sb. страна, Mk. страна, Bg. страна.
  • The Slovenian meaning ‘page’ is shared by Cz. strana, Slk. strana, Cr. strana, Bo. strana, Sb. страна, Mk. страна.
  • The meaning ‘country’ (zemlja, dežela) is attested in R. страна, Bg. страна.
  • The meaning ‘cheek’ (lice) is attested in Bg. страна.
  • The meaning ‘political party’ (stranka) is attested in Cz. strana, Slk. strana.
[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo.]
tikva
  • is a complete false friend for about 10 million native speakers of Czech;
  • is a true friend for about 283.5 million native speakers of Russian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian, Slovak;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘pumpkin’ is shared by R. тыква, Cr. tikva, Bo. tikva, Sb. тиква, Mk. тиква, Bg. тиква, Slk. strana.
  • The meaning ‘sweet melon’ (dinja) is attested in Cz. tykev.
[NB: No information yet for Pol., Ka., LSo., USo.]
toča
  • is a complete false friend for about 288 million native speakers of Russian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 7.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian.
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Slovak.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘hail’ is shared by Cr. tuča, Bo. tuča.
  • The meaning ‘rainy cloud’ (deževni oblak) is attested in R. туча.
  • The meaning ‘rainbow’ (mavrica) is attested in Pol. tęcza.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Sb., Mk., Bg.]
traven (mali, veliki)
  • does not have all its Slovenian meanings in the mother tongue of about 43 million speakers of Ukrainian, Croatian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Russian, Belarusian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘April’ (mali traven) is shared by Cr. travanj.
  • The Slovenian meaning ‘May’ (veliki traven) is shared by Ukr. травень.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
truden

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[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Mk.]
več

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘more’ is unique.
  • The meaning ‘matter, thing’ (reč, stvar, zadeva) is attested in R. вещь, Cz. věc, Slk. vec, Bg. вещ.
  • The meaning ‘assembly’ (shod, zbor) is attested in Pol. wiec.
  • The meaning ‘already’ (že) is attested in Cr. već, Bo. već, Sb. већ.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
vek
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 54 million native speakers of Polish, Czech, Slovak;
  • does not have all its Slovenian meanings in the mother tongue of about 17.5 million speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • is a true friend for about 260 million native speakers of Russian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘age, epoch’ is shared by R. век, Pol. wiek, Cz. věk, Mk. век, Bg. век, Slk. vek.
  • The Slovenian meaning ‘century’ is shared by R. век, столетие, Pol. wiek, Cz. věk, Cr. vijek, Bo. vijek, Sb. век, Mk. век, Bg. век.
  • The meaning ‘age (of a person)’ (življenska doba) is attested in Pol. wiek, Cz. věk, Slk. vek.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo.]
vešč
  • is a complete false friend for about 312 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 19.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedo-nian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘clever’ is shared by Cr. vješt, Bo. vješt, Sb. вешт, Mk. вешт.
  • The meaning ‘matter’ (stvar, reč) is attested in R. вещь, Cz. věc, Slk. vec, Bg. вещ.
  • The meaning ‘message’ (vest, novica) is attested in Pol. wieść.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
vrag
  • is a complete false friend for about 357 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Bulgarian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 2 million native speakers of Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 17.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘devil, demon’ is shared by Cr. vrag, Bo. vrag, Sb. враг, Mk. враг.
  • The meaning ‘enemy’ (sovražnik) is attested in R. враг, Blr. вораг, Ukr. ворог, Pol. wróg, Mk. враг, Bg. враг.
  • The meaning ‘murderer’ (morilec) is attested in Cz. vrah, Slk. vrah.
  • The meaning ‘slyboots, smartie’ (prekanjenec, zvitorepec) is attested in Mk. враг.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
vreden
  • is a complete false friend for about 298 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Macedonian, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 17.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian, Czech, Slovak.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘precious’ is shared by Cr. vrijedan, Bo. vrijedan, Sb. вредан.
  • The meaning ‘harmful’ (škodljiv) is attested in R. вредный, Bg. вреден.
  • The meaning ‘able, clever’ (spreten, vrl, zmožen) is attested in Mk. вреден, Bg. вреден.
  • The meaning ‘nasty, repulsive’ (grd, gnusen) is attested in Pol. wredny.
  • The meaning ‘insidious, deceitful’ (prekanjen, zvijačen) is attested in Pol. wredny.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
vreme
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 17.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian.

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[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Mk., Bg.]
zahod
  • is a complete false friend for about 33.5 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • does not have all its Slovenian meanings in the mother tongue of about 252 million speakers of Russian, Macedonian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Bulgarian.

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[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo.]
zapomniti
  • is a complete false friend for about 48 million native speakers of Polish, Czech;
  • is a true friend for about 268 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Macedonian, Bulgarian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Ukrainian, Slovak, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘to memorize’ is shared by R. запомнить, Blr. запомніць, Mk. запомни, Bg. запомня.
  • The meaning ‘to forget’ (pozabiti) is attested in Pol. zapomnieć, Cz. zapomenout.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
zavod
  • is a complete false friend for about 306 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech, Bulgarian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 2 million native speakers of Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 17.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘institute’ is shared by Cr. zavod, Bo. zavod, Sb. завод, Mk. завод.
  • The meaning ‘contest’ (teknja) is attested in Cz. závod.
  • The meaning ‘factory, works’ (tovarna) is attested in R. завод, Cz. závod, Mk. завод, Bg. завод.
  • The meaning ‘occupation, profession, trade’ (poklic) is attested in Pol. zawód.
  • The meaning ‘disappointment’ (razočaranje) is attested in Pol. zawód.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk.]
zbor
  • is a complete false friend for about 2 million native speakers of Macedonian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • does not have all its Slovenian meanings in the mother tongue of about 250 million speakers of Russian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘assembly’ is shared by R. сбор.
  • The Slovenian meaning ‘choir’ is unique.
  • The meaning ‘collecting, collection’ (nabiranje, zbirka) is attested in R. сбор.
  • The meaning ‘word’ (beseda) is attested in Mk. збор.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Cr., Bo., Sb., Bg.]
žena
  • does not have all its Slovenian meanings in the mother tongue of about 333 million speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 43.5 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘woman’ (žena, ženska) is shared by Ukr. жінка, Cz. žena, Slk. žena, Cr. žena, Bo. žena, Sb. жена, Mk. жена, Bg. жена.
  • The Slovenian meaning ‘wife’ is shared by R. жена, Blr. жонка, Pol. żona, Cz. žena, Slk. žena, Cr. žena, Bo. žena, Sb. жена, Mk. жена, Bg. жена.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
žito
  • is a complete false friend for about 99 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 267.5 million native speakers of Russian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘grain, cereals, (Br.) corn’ is shared by R. жито, Cr. žito, Bo. žito, Sb. жито.
  • The meaning ‘rye’ (rž) is attested in Ukr. жито, Pol. żyto, Cz. žito, Slk. žito, raž.
  • The meaning ‘wheat’ (pšenica) is attested in Slk. pšenica, žito, Bg. жито.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ka., LSo., USo., Mk.]
život

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[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo.]
zrak
  • is a complete false friend for about 36 million native speakers of Belarusian, Czech, Slovak, Serbian, Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 7.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Russian, Ukrainian, Polish, Bulgarian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘air’ is shared by Cr. zrak, Bo. zrak.
  • The meaning ‘eyesight’ (vid) is attested in Blr. зрок, Cz. zrak, Slk. zrak.
  • The meaning ‘ray, beam’ (žarek) is attested in Sb. зрак, Mk. зрак.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
zrno
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 8 million native speakers of Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian.

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  • The Slovenian meaning ‘corn, kernel’ is shared by R. зерно, Bg. зърно.
  • The meaning ‘berry’ (jagoda) is attested in Bg. зърно.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk.]
Ø

There is no Slovenian word like Blr. ліпень, Ukr. липень, Pol. lipiec, Cr. lipanj.

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Ø

There is no Slovenian word like Blr. чэрвень, Ukr. червень, Pol. czerwiec, Cz. červenec.

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Ø

There is no Slovenian word like Cr. šuma, Bo. šuma, Sb. шума, Mk. шума, Bg. шума.

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Ø

There is no Slovenian word like Ka. rujan, Cz. říjen, Cr. rujan.

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Ø

There is no Slovenian word like R. студень, Blr. студзень, Cr. studeni.

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Ø

There is no Slovenian word like R. стул, Pol. stół, Cz. stůl.

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Ø

There is no Slovenian word like R. направо, Blr. направа, Ukr. направо, Pol. na prawo, Ka. w prawo, Cz. napravo, Slk. napravo, Cr. pravo, Bo. pravo, Sb. право, Mk. (на)право, Bg. (на) право.

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Ø

There is no Slovenian word like R. памятник, Ukr. пам’ятник, Pol. pamiętnik, Ka. pamiãtnik, Slk. pamätník, Bg. паметник.

map

Ø

There is no Slovenian word like R. майка, Blr. майка, Cr. majka, Bo. majka, Sb. мајка, Mk. мајка, Bg. майка.

map

Ø

There is no Slovenian word like R. матка, Blr. матка, Ukr. матка, Pol. matka, Cz. matka, Slk. matka, Mk. матка, Bg. матка.

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Ø

There is no Slovenian word like R. година, Blr. гадзіна, Ukr. година, Pol. godzina, Cz. hodina, Slk. hodina, Cr. godina, Bo. godina, Sb. година, Mk. година, Bg. година.

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Ø

There is no Slovenian word like R. кресло, Blr. крэсла, Ukr. крісло, Pol. krzesło, Cz. křeslo, Slk. kreslo, Bg. кресло.

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Ø

There is no Slovenian word like R. выход, Blr. выхад, Ukr. вихід, Cz. východ, Slk. východ.

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Ø

There is no Slovenian word like R. овощи, Ukr. овочі, Pol. owoce, Cz. ovoce, Slk. ovocie, Cr. voće, Bo. voće, Sb. воће.

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Ø

There is no Slovenian word like R. штука, Pol. sztuka, Cz. štuka, Cr. štuka, Bo. štuka, Sb. штука, Bg. щука.

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Ø

There is no Slovenian word like R. шина, Blr. шына, Ukr. шина, Pol. szyna, Ka. szina, Cr. šina, Bo. šina, Sb. шина, Mk. шина, Bg. шина.

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Ø

There is no Slovenian word like R. существовать, Cr. suučestvovati, Bg. съществувам.

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Ø

There is no Slovenian word like R. цветень, Ukr. квітень, Pol. kwiecień, Cz. květen.

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More Slovenian-Slavonic false friends:

  • Emil Tokarz. Pułapki leksykalne: Słownik aproksymatów polsko-słoweńskich. Katowice 1999.

For additional information on false friends, see the On-line hypertext bibliography by Daniel Bunčić and Ryszard Lipczuk.

You can help!

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