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False Friends of the Slavist/Bosnian

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Wikipedia

Bosanski jezik (Bosnian)

(c. 1.5 million native speakers)
Slavenski lažni prijatelji u bosanskom jeziku


baba
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 288 million native speakers of Russian, Polish;
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 294 million speakers of Russian, Polish, Croatian;
  • is a true friend for about 10 million native speakers of Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘grandmother’ (baba, baka) is shared by Sb. баба, бака.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘old woman’ is shared by R. баба, Pol. baba, Cr. baba, Sb. баба.
  • The meaning ‘pejorative of a woman’ (ženska) is attested in R. баба, Pol. baba.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
banka
  • is a complete false friend for about 288 million native speakers of Russian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 18 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘bank, credit bank’ is shared by Sln. banka, Cr. banka, Sb. банка.
  • The meaning ‘(Br.) tin, (Am.) can’ (kutija) is attested in R. банка.
  • The meaning ‘container, can’ (kanta) is attested in Pol. bańka.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Mk., Bg.]
bjelina
  • is a complete false friend for about 46 million native speakers of Belarusian, Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 37 million native speakers of Ukrainian;
  • is a true friend for about 276 million native speakers of Russian, Croatian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Czech.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘whiteness’ is shared by R. белизна, Ukr. білизна, Cr. bjelina, Sb. белина, Mk. белина, Bg. белина.
  • The meaning ‘linen, laundry’ (rublje, veš) is attested in Blr. бялізна, Ukr. білизна, Pol. bielizna.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo., Slk., Sln.]
bolje
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 18 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Polish.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘better’ is shared by Sln. bolje, Cr. bolje, Sb. боље.
  • The meaning ‘more’ (više) is attested in R. более.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Mk., Bg.]
brak
  • is a complete false friend for about 75 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 258 million native speakers of Russian, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 18 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘marriage’ is shared by R. брак, Cr. brak, Sb. брак, Mk. брак, Bg. брак.
  • The meaning ‘defect, flaw’ (mana) is attested in R. брак, Ukr. брак, Pol. brak.
  • The meaning ‘rejects, refuse, waste’ (ološ, deficitna roba) is attested in R. брак, Ukr. брак, Pol. brak, Bg. брак.
  • The meaning ‘lack, want, shortage’ (nedostatak) is attested in Ukr. брак, Pol. brak.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln.]
brz
  • is a complete false friend for about 10 million native speakers of Czech;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘quick, fast (adj.)’ is shared by Cr. brz, Sb. брз.
  • The meaning ‘soon (adv.)’ (skoro) is attested in Cz. brzy.
[NB: No information yet for R., Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
čas
  • is a complete false friend for about 101 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian;
  • is a true friend for about 270 million native speakers of Russian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgar-ian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Croatian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘hour’ is shared by R. час, Sb. час, Mk. час, Bg. час.
  • The meaning ‘time’ (vrijeme) is attested in Blr. час, Ukr. час, Pol. czas, Cz. čas, Slk. čas, Sln. čas.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
ček
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 54 million native speakers of Polish, Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘cheque’ is shared by R. чек, Pol. czek, Cr. ček, Sb. чек.
  • The meaning ‘sales slip’ (bon) is attested in R. чек.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
čitati
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘to read’ is shared by R. читать, Cr. čitati, Sb. читати.
  • The meaning ‘to recite’ (recitirati) is attested in R. читать.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
deva
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 10 million native speakers of Serbian;
  • is a true friend for about 6 million native speakers of Croatian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘camel’ is shared by Cr. deva, Sb. дева.
  • The meaning ‘maiden’ (djeva) is attested in R. дева, Sb. дева.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
dijete
  • is a complete false friend for about 2 million native speakers of Slovenian;
  • is a true friend for about 26 million native speakers of Czech, Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘child’ is shared by Cz. dítě, Cr. dijete, Sb. дете.
  • The meaning ‘baby’ (beba, mladunče, odojče) is attested in Sln. dete.
[NB: No information yet for R., Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk., Mk., Bg.]
dinja
  • is a complete false friend for about 46 million native speakers of Polish, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 307 million native speakers of Russian, Ukrainian, Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘sweet melon’ is shared by R. дыня, Ukr. диня, Sln. dinja, Cr. dinja, Sb. диња, Mk. диња.
  • The meaning ‘watermelon’ (lubenica) is attested in Bg. диня.
  • The meaning ‘pumpkin’ (tikva) is attested in Pol. dynia.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk.]
divan
  • is a complete false friend for about 46 million native speakers of Belarusian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 284 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Ukrainian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘settee, sofa’ is shared by R. диван, Cz. divan, Slk. diván, Sln. divan, Cr. divan, Sb. диван.
  • The meaning ‘carpet’ (ćilim) is attested in Blr. дыван, Pol. dywan.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
dob
  • is a complete false friend for about 2 million native speakers of Slovenian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘age’ is shared by Cr. dob, Sb. доб.
  • The meaning ‘oak tree’ (hrast, dub) is attested in Sln. dob.
[NB: No information yet for R., Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Mk., Bg.]
doba
  • is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 16 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak;
  • is a true friend for about 26 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian, Bulgarian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘time, era, period’ is shared by Cz. doba, Slk. doba, Sln. doba, Cr. doba, Sb. доба, Bg. доба.
  • The meaning ‘day (24 hours)’ (dan (24 sati)) is attested in Pol. doba.
  • The meaning ‘time, duration’ (trajanje) is attested in Cz. doba, Slk. doba.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo., Mk.]
dodatni
  • is a complete false friend for about 83 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Russian, Czech, Slovak, Bulgarian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘additional’ is shared by Cr. dodatni, Sb. додатни.
  • The meaning ‘positive’ (pozitivan) is attested in Blr. дадатны, Ukr. додатний, Pol. dodatni.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo., Sln., Mk.]
dojiti
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘to breast-feed’ is shared by Cr. dojiti, Sb. дојити.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘to suckle’ is shared by Cr. dojiti, Sb. дојити.
  • The meaning ‘to milk’ (musti) is attested in R. доить.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
Dunav
  • is a complete false friend for about 2 million native speakers of Slovenian;
  • is a true friend for about 330 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘Danube’ is shared by R. Дунай, Pol. Dunaj, Cz. Dunaj, Slk. Dunaj, Cr. Dunaj, Sb. Дунај, Mk. Дунав, Bg. Дунав.
  • The meaning ‘Vienna’ (Beč) is attested in Sln. Dunaj.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo.]
dvorac
  • is a complete false friend for about 75 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 284 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Croatian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Czech, Slovak.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘palace’ is shared by R. дворец, Blr. дварэц, Cr. dvorac, Sb. дворац, Mk. дворец, Bg. дворец.
  • The meaning ‘railway station’ (kolodvor) is attested in Ukr. двірець, Pol. dworzec.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo., Sln.]
godina
  • is a complete false friend for about 349 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak;
  • is a true friend for about 26 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgar-ian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Slovenian.

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
gora
  • is a complete false friend for about 8 million native speakers of Bulgarian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 6 million native speakers of Slovak;
  • is a true friend for about 361 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Macedonian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘mountain’ is shared by R. гора, Blr. гара, Ukr. гора, Pol. góra, Cz. hora, Slk. hora, Sln. gora, Cr. gora, Sb. гора.
  • The meaning ‘forest’ (šuma) is attested in Slk. hora, Bg. гора.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
govor
  • is a complete false friend for about 333 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 8 million native speakers of Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk.]
grad
  • is a complete false friend for about 12 million native speakers of Czech, Slovenian;
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 38 million speakers of Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 266 million native speakers of Russian, Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘town’ is shared by R. град (arch.), город, Cr. grad, Sb. град.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘hail’ is shared by R. град, Pol. grad, Cr. grad, Sb. град.
  • The meaning ‘fortress’ (tvrđava, utvrđenje) is attested in Cz. hrad, Sln. grad.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk., Mk., Bg.]
grudast
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘granular’ is shared by Cr. grudast, Sb. грудаст.
  • The meaning ‘big-breasted’ (sa velikama grudima) is attested in R. грудастая.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
hlad
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 2 million speakers of Slovenian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘coolness’ is shared by Sln. hlad, Cr. hlad, Sb. хлад.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘shadow’ is shared by Cr. hlad, Sb. хлад.
  • The meaning ‘cold(ness)’ (hladnoća, studen, zima) is attested in R. холод.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Mk., Bg.]
igrati

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
iskustvo
  • is a complete false friend for about 258 million native speakers of Russian, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Polish.

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[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk.]
jagoda
  • is a complete false friend for about 288 million native speakers of Russian, Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 18 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak, Slovenian;
  • is a true friend for about 26 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgar-ian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘strawberry’ is shared by Cz. jahoda, Slk. jahoda, Sln. jagoda, Cr. jagoda, Sb. јагода, Mk. јагода, Bg. ягода.
  • The meaning ‘berry’ (boba) is attested in R. ягода, Pol. jagoda, Cz. jahoda, Slk. jahoda, Sln. jagoda.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo.]
je
  • is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Russian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘is’ is shared by Cr. je, Sb. је.
  • The meaning ‘eats’ (jede) is attested in Pol. je.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
jutro
  • is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 266 million native speakers of Russian, Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘morning’ is shared by R. утро, Cr. jutro, Sb. јутро.
  • The meaning ‘tomorrow’ (sutra) is attested in Pol. jutro.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
kal
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘dirt, mud’ is shared by Cr. kal, Sb. кал.
  • The meaning ‘faeces, excrement’ (izmetine) is attested in R. кал.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
knez
  • is a complete false friend for about 48 million native speakers of Polish, Czech;
  • is a true friend for about 311 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Croa-tian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘prince, duke’ is shared by R. князь, Blr. князь, Ukr. князь, Cr. knez, Sb. кнез.
  • The meaning ‘priest’ (svećenik) is attested in Pol. ksiądz, Cz. kněz.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
kola
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 288 million speakers of Russian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘wheels’ is shared by R. колёса, Pol. koła, Cr. kola, Sb. кола.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘car, cart’ is shared by Cr. kola, Sb. кола.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘motorcar’ is shared by Cr. kola, Sb. кола.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
kolonija
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 266 million native speakers of Russian, Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘colony’ is shared by R. колония, Pol. kolonia, Cr. kolonija, Sb. колонија.
  • The meaning ‘Cologne’ (Köln) is attested in Pol. Kolonia.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
kor
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 6 million native speakers of Croatian;
  • is a true friend for about 10 million native speakers of Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘corps’ is shared by Cr. kor, Sb. кор.
  • The meaning ‘choir’ (hor) is attested in Cr. kor.
[NB: No information yet for R., Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
korica
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘crust’ is shared by Cr. korica, Sb. корица.
  • The meaning ‘cinnamon’ (cimet) is attested in R. корица.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
kovčeg
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 8 million native speakers of Bulgarian;
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 26 million speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian, Bulgarian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Polish, Czech, Slovak.

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[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Mk.]
kraj
  • is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 37 million native speakers of Ukrainian;
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 276 million speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Czech, Slovak, Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 26 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘edge’ is shared by R. край, Blr. край, Ukr. край, Cz. kraj, Slk. kraj, Sln. kraj, Cr. kraj, Sb. крај, Bg. край.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘end’ is shared by Ukr. край, Sln. kraj, Cr. kraj, Sb. крај, Mk. крај, Bg. край.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘region’ is shared by R. край, Blr. край, Ukr. край, Cz. kraj, Slk. kraj, Sln. kraj, Cr. kraj, Sb. крај, Mk. крај, Bg. край.
  • The meaning ‘country’ (zemlja, država) is attested in Ukr. край, Pol. kraj.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
kuća
  • is a complete false friend for about 252 million native speakers of Russian, Slovenian;
  • is a true friend for about 6 million native speakers of Croatian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘house’ is shared by Cr. kuća.
  • The meaning ‘hut’ (koliba) is attested in Sln. koča.
  • The meaning ‘heap’ (hrpa, gomila) is attested in R. куча.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sb., Mk., Bg.]
lice
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 40 million native speakers of Polish, Slovenian;
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 46 million speakers of Polish, Slovenian, Croatian;
  • is a true friend for about 260 million native speakers of Russian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘face’ is shared by R. лицо, Pol. lico, Sln. lice, Cr. lice, Sb. лице.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘person’ (lice, osoba) is shared by R. лицо, Sb. лице, особа.
  • The meaning ‘cheek’ (obraz) is attested in Pol. lico, Sln. lice.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Mk., Bg.]
lijen
  • is a complete false friend for about 288 million native speakers of Russian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘lazy’ is shared by Cr. lijen, Sb. лен.
  • The meaning ‘laziness’ (lijenost) is attested in R. лень.
  • The meaning ‘idler, do-nothing’ (lijenština) is attested in Pol. leń.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
list
  • is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 51.0 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Kashubian, Slovak;
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 50,000 speakers of Kashubian;
  • is a true friend for about 288 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘sheet of paper’ is shared by R. лист, Blr. ліст, аркуш, Ukr. лист, Cz. list, Slk. list, Sln. list, Cr. list, Sb. лист, Mk. лист, Bg. лист.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘leaf’ is shared by R. лист, Blr. ліст, Ukr. лист, Ka. lëst, Cz. list, Slk. list, Sln. list, Cr. list, Sb. лист, Mk. лист, Bg. лист.
  • The meaning ‘letter’ (pismo) is attested in Blr. ліст, пісьмо, Ukr. лист, Pol. list, Ka. lëst, Slk. list.
[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo.]
listopad
  • is a complete false friend for about 55,000 native speakers of Upper Sorbian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 101 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovenian, Croatian;
  • is a true friend for about 276 million native speakers of Russian, Slovak, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo.]
ljekarstvo
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘medical science’ is shared by Cr. ljekarstvo, Sb. лекарство.
  • The meaning ‘medicament’ (lijek) is attested in R. лекарство.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
ljepše
  • is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Russian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘more beautiful’ is shared by Cr. ljepše, Sb. лепше.
  • The meaning ‘better’ (bolje) is attested in Pol. lepiej.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
ljeto
  • is a complete false friend for about 2 million native speakers of Slovenian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 304 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovak;
  • is a true friend for about 71 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Croatian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
ljubiti
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 325 million speakers of Russian, Ukrainian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘to love’ is shared by R. любить, Cr. ljubiti, Sb. љубити.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘to like’ is shared by R. любить, Ukr. любити, Pol. lubić, Cr. ljubiti, Sb. љубити.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘to kiss’ is shared by Cr. ljubiti, Sb. љубити.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
lug
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 54 million native speakers of Polish, Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘lye’ is shared by Pol. ług, Cr. lug, Sb. луг.
  • The meaning ‘meadow’ (livada) is attested in R. луг.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
luk
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 38 million speakers of Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 266 million native speakers of Russian, Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘onion’ is shared by R. лук, Cr. luk, Sb. лук.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘bow (weapon)’ is shared by R. лук, Pol. łuk, Cr. luk, Sb. лук.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
luka
  • is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘port’ is shared by Cr. luka, Sb. лука.
  • The meaning ‘hatch’ (prozorčić) is attested in Pol. luka.
[NB: No information yet for R., Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
lula
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 34 million native speakers of Belarusian, Croatian, Serbian, Macedo-nian, Bulgarian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Polish.

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[NB: No information yet for Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln.]
majka
  • is a complete false friend for about 258 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 10 million native speakers of Macedonian, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Ukrainian, Polish, Slovenian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘mother’ is shared by Cr. majka, Sb. мајка, Mk. мајка, Bg. майка.
  • The meaning ‘gym shirt’ (majica) is attested in R. майка, Blr. майка.
  • The meaning ‘dam, female animal’ (ženka, majka (životinja)) is attested in Mk. мајка, Bg. майка.
  • The meaning ‘nut (to screw on a bolt)’ (matica) is attested in Bg. майка.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk.]
masa
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 10 million native speakers of Macedonian, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 367 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘mass’ is shared by R. масса, Blr. маса, Ukr. маса, Pol. masa, Cz. masa, Slk. masa, Sln. masa, Cr. masa, Sb. маса, Mk. маса, Bg. маса.
  • The meaning ‘table’ (sto(l)) is attested in Mk. маса, Bg. маса.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
mašina
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 288 million speakers of Russian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
meč
  • is a complete false friend for about 313 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Czech, Bulgarian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 2 million native speakers of Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 54 million native speakers of Polish, Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘match, game’ is shared by Pol. mecz, Cr. meč, Sb. меч, Mk. меч.
  • The meaning ‘sword’ (mač) is attested in R. меч, Blr. меч, Ukr. меч, Cz. meč, Mk. меч, Bg. меч.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo., Slk., Sln.]
mesni
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 250 million speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘local’ is shared by R. местный, Cr. mesni, Sb. месни.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘of meat’ is shared by Cr. mesni, Sb. месни.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
mir
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 298 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech;
  • is a true friend for about 16.0 million native speakers of Kashubian, Croatian, Serbian.

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[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., LSo., USo., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
mrak
  • is a complete false friend for about 16 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak;
  • is a true friend for about 266 million native speakers of Russian, Croatian, Serbian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘darkness’ is shared by R. мрак, Cr. mrak, Sb. мрак.
  • The meaning ‘cloud’ (oblak) is attested in Cz. mrak, Slk. mrak.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo., Sln.]
mraz
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘ ’ is shared by Cr. mraz, Sb. мраз.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘ ’ is shared by Cr. mraz, Sb. мраз.
  • The meaning ‘ ’ (gad, zamazanac) is attested in R. мразь.
  • The meaning ‘ ’ (fukara, izmet) is attested in R. мразь.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
muž
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 65 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Macedonian, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 312 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Polish, Croatian, Serbian.

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
nagao
  • is a complete false friend for about 258 million native speakers of Russian, Bulgarian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 39 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Slovenian;
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 95 million speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 22 million native speakers of Slovak, Croatian, Serbian.

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
nedjelja

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
obraz
  • is a complete false friend for about 288 million native speakers of Russian, Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 8 million native speakers of Bulgarian;
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 2 million speakers of Slovenian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘cheek’ is shared by Cr. obraz, Sb. образ, Bg. образ.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘face’ is shared by Sln. obraz, Cr. obraz, Sb. образ, Bg. образ.
  • The meaning ‘picture, painting’ (slika) is attested in R. образ, Pol. obraz, Bg. образ.
  • The meaning ‘manner’ (način) is attested in R. образ.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Mk.]
pamet
  • is a complete false friend for about 268 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘reason, intellect’ is shared by Cr. pamet, Sb. памет.
  • The meaning ‘memory’ (pamćenje) is attested in R. память, Cz. paměť, Bg. памет.
  • The meaning ‘computer memory’ (memorija) is attested in R. память, Cz. paměť, Bg. памет.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk., Sln., Mk.]
papa
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 288 million native speakers of Russian, Polish;
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 325 million speakers of Russian, Ukrainian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘the Pope’ is shared by R. папа римский, Cr. papa, Sb. папа.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘bye-bye!’ (papa!) is shared by Ukr. папа!, Pol. papa!, Cr. papa!, Sb. папа!.
  • The meaning ‘dad’ (tata) is attested in R. папа, Pol. papa.
  • The meaning ‘cardboard, pasteboard’ (ljepenka) is attested in Pol. papa.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
para
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 83 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 44 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘steam’ is shared by Blr. пара, Ukr. пара, Pol. para, Cz. pára, Slk. para, Sln. para, Cr. para, Sb. пара, Mk. пара, Bg. пара.
  • The meaning ‘pair’ (par) is attested in R. пара, Blr. пара, Ukr. пара, Pol. para.
  • The meaning ‘a couple of, some’ (nekoliko) is attested in R. пара, Blr. пара, Ukr. пара, Pol. parę.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
Petrograd
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 250 million speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 26 million native speakers of Czech, Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘St. Petersburg (until 1914 and since 1991)’ is shared by Cz. Petrohrad, Cr. Petrograd, Sb. Петроград.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘Petrograd (1914-1924)’ is shared by R. Петроград, Cz. Petrohrad, Cr. Petrograd, Sb. Петроград.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
pisac
  • is a complete false friend for about 252 million native speakers of Russian, Slovenian;
  • is a true friend for about 6 million native speakers of Croatian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘writer’ is shared by Cr. pisac.
  • The meaning ‘scribe’ (pisar) is attested in R. писец, Sln. pisec.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sb., Mk., Bg.]
pisak
  • is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 6 million native speakers of Croatian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘mouthpiece’ is shared by Cr. pisak.
  • The meaning ‘pencil, crayon’ (pisaljka) is attested in Pol. pisak.
[NB: No information yet for R., Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Sb., Mk., Bg.]
pisar
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 266 million native speakers of Russian, Slovenian, Croatian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘scribe’ is shared by R. писарь, Pol. pisarz, Sln. pisar, Cr. pisar, Bg. писар.
  • The meaning ‘writer’ (pisac) is attested in Pol. pisarz.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sb., Mk.]
pisati
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 54 million native speakers of Polish, Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘to write’ is shared by Pol. pisać, Cr. pisati, Sb. писати.
  • The meaning ‘to påå’ (pišati) is attested in R. писать.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
pismo
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 298 million speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘letter’ is shared by R. письмо, Cr. pismo, Sb. писмо.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘font, handwriting’ is shared by Pol. pismo, Cz. písmo, Cr. pismo, Sb. писмо.
  • The meaning ‘document’ (spis) is attested in Pol. pismo.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
pivnica
  • is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 26 million native speakers of Czech, Croatian, Serbian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Russian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘pub’ is shared by Cz. pivnice, Cr. pivnica, Sb. пивница.
  • The meaning ‘cellar’ (podrum, konoba) is attested in Pol. piwnica.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
pod
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 250 million speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘under’ is shared by R. под, Cr. pod, Sb. под.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘floor, ground’ is shared by Cr. pod, Sb. под.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
podne
  • is a complete false friend for about 37 million native speakers of Ukrainian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 46.0 million native speakers of Belarusian, Polish, Kashubian;
  • is a true friend for about 294 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo.]
pogan
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘faeces, excrement’ is shared by Cr. pogan, Sb. поган.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘dirt, mud’ is shared by Cr. pogan, Sb. поган.
  • The meaning ‘rabble, riff-raff’ (fukara, izmet) is attested in R. погань.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
ponoć
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 83 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 294 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘midnight’ is shared by R. полночь, Blr. поўнач, Ukr. північ, Pol. północ, Cz. půlnoc, Slk. polnoc, Sln. polnoč, Cr. ponoć, Sb. поноћ, Mk. полноќ, Bg. полунощ.
  • The meaning ‘north’ (sjever) is attested in Blr. поўнач, Ukr. північ, Pol. północ.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
ponos
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 18 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘pride’ is shared by Sln. ponos, Cr. ponos, Sb. понос.
  • The meaning ‘diarrhoea’ (proljev) is attested in R. понос.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Mk., Bg.]
povijest

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
pravo
  • is a complete false friend for about 349.0 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Kashubian, Czech, Slovak;
  • is a true friend for about 26 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgar-ian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Slovenian.

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[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo.]
profesor
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 287 million speakers of Russian, Ukrainian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘professor’ is shared by R. профессор, Ukr. професор, Cr. profesor, Sb. професор.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘university teacher’ is shared by Cr. profesor, Sb. професор.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘secondary school teacher ’ is shared by Cr. profesor, Sb. професор.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
prostak
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘lout, ruffian’ is shared by Cr. prostak, Sb. простак.
  • The meaning ‘fool, stupid’ (glupak) is attested in R. простак.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
prosto
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 83 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 294.0 million native speakers of Russian, Kashubian, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo.]
puška
  • is a complete false friend for about 288 million native speakers of Russian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 18 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘rifle’ is shared by Sln. puška, Cr. puška, Sb. пушка.
  • The meaning ‘canon’ (top) is attested in R. пушка.
  • The meaning ‘(Br.) tin, (Am.) can’ (kutija) is attested in Pol. puszka.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Mk., Bg.]
put
  • is a complete false friend for about 258 million native speakers of Russian, Bulgarian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 2 million native speakers of Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 66 million native speakers of Polish, Czech, Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘fence’ (plot) is shared by Pol. płot, Cz. plot, Sln. plot, Cr. plot, Sb. плот, Mk. плот.
  • The meaning ‘body, flesh’ (put) is attested in R. плоть, Mk. плот, Bg. плът.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk.]
rano
  • is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 266 million native speakers of Russian, Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘early’ is shared by R. рано, Cr. rano, Sb. рано.
  • The meaning ‘in the morning’ (ujutro) is attested in Pol. rano.
  • The meaning ‘morning’ (jutro) is attested in Pol. rano.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
riječ

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘word’ is shared by Cr. riječ, Sb. реч.
  • The meaning ‘speech’ (govor) is attested in R. речь, Cz. řeč, Slk. reč, Mk. реч, Bg. реч.
  • The meaning ‘matter’ (stvar) is attested in Blr. рэч, Ukr. річ, Pol. rzecz, Sln. reč.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
rodbina

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘relations’ is shared by Sln. rodbina, Cr. rodbina, Sb. родбина, Mk. родбина.
  • The meaning ‘family’ (porodica) is attested in Ukr. родина, Pol. rodzina, Cz. rodina, Slk. rodina.
  • The meaning ‘motherland, home region’ (domovina) is attested in R. родина, Blr. радзіна, Bg. родина.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
rok
  • is a complete false friend for about 298 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech;
  • is a true friend for about 20 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian, Macedo-nian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Bulgarian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘fixed time, set term, deadline’ is shared by Sln. rok, Cr. rok, Sb. рок, Mk. рок.
  • The meaning ‘year’ (godina) is attested in Pol. rok, Cz. rok.
  • The meaning ‘destiny, fate’ (udes, kob) is attested in R. рок.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk.]
rus
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 18 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘sandy, red’ is shared by Sln. rus, Cr. rus, Sb. рус.
  • The meaning ‘blond, fair’ (tamnoplav) is attested in R. русый.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Mk., Bg.]
ruski
  • is a complete false friend for about 75 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 8 million native speakers of Belarusian;
  • is a true friend for about 266 million native speakers of Russian, Croatian, Serbian.

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
sad
  • is a complete false friend for about 306 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Bulgarian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘now’ is shared by Cr. sad, Sb. сад.
  • The meaning ‘garden’ (vrt, bašta) is attested in R. сад, Cz. sad, Slk. sad.
  • The meaning ‘orchard’ (voćnjak) is attested in Pol. sad.
  • The meaning ‘fruit’ (plod) is attested in Sln. sad.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Mk.]
šina
  • is a complete false friend for about 266 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Bulgarian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 37 million native speakers of Ukrainian;
  • is a true friend for about 56.0 million native speakers of Polish, Kashubian, Croatian, Serbian, Macedonian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Czech, Slovak, Slovenian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘rail’ is shared by Ukr. шина, Pol. szyna, Ka. szina, Cr. šina, Sb. шина, Mk. шина.
  • The meaning ‘tyre’ (guma) is attested in R. шина, Blr. шына, Ukr. шина, Bg. шина.
[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo.]
sinji
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘grey-blue, greyish’ is shared by Cr. sinji, Sb. сињи.
  • The meaning ‘dark blue’ (tamnoplav) is attested in R. синий.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
škaf
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘tub, vat’ is shared by Cr. škaf, Sb. шкаф.
  • The meaning ‘cupboard’ (ormar) is attested in R. шкаф.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
sklad
  • is a complete false friend for about 325 million native speakers of Russian, Ukrainian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
sklanjati
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 6 million native speakers of Croatian;
  • is a true friend for about 10 million native speakers of Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘to hide; to clear away, to remove’ is shared by Cr. sklanjati, Sb. склањати.
  • The meaning ‘to decline (grammar)’ (deklinirati) is attested in Cr. sklanjati.
[NB: No information yet for R., Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
slovenski
  • is a complete false friend for about 28 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak, Serbian, Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 349.1 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Kashubian, Lower Sorbian, Upper Sorbian, Slovenian, Croatian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘Slovenian’ is shared by R. словенский, Blr. славенскі, Ukr. словінський, Pol. słoweński, Ka. słowensczi, LSo. słowjeński, USo. słowjenski, Sln. slovenski, Cr. slovenski, Bg. словенски.
  • The meaning ‘Slovak’ (slovački) is attested in Cz. slovenský, Slk. slovenský.
  • The meaning ‘Slavonic’ (slavenski) is attested in Sb. словенски, Mk. словенски.
[NB: Information complete.]
slovo

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘letter (of the alphabet)’ is shared by Cr. slovo, Sb. слово.
  • The meaning ‘word’ (riječ) is attested in R. слово, Blr. слова, Ukr. слово, Pol. słowo, Cz. slovo, Slk. slovo, Bg. слово.
  • The meaning ‘leave-taking, farewell’ (oproštaj) is attested in Sln. slovo.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
slušati
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 250 million speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘to listen’ is shared by R. слушать, Cr. slušati, Sb. слушати.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘to hear’ is shared by Cr. slušati, Sb. слушати.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
sprezati
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 6 million native speakers of Croatian;
  • is a true friend for about 10 million native speakers of Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘to put (horses) to (a coach), to harness’ is shared by Cr. sprezati, Sb. спрезати.
  • The meaning ‘to conjugate’ (konjugirati) is attested in Cr. sprezati.
[NB: No information yet for R., Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
sto
  • is a complete false friend for about 12 million native speakers of Slovenian, Macedonian, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 365 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘table’ is shared by R. стол, Blr. стол, Ukr. стіл, Pol. stół, Cz. stůl, Slk. stôl, Cr. stol, Sb. сто.
  • The meaning ‘chair’ (stolica) is attested in Sln. stol, Mk. стол, Bg. стол.
  • The meaning ‘canteen’ (kantina) is attested in Bg. стол.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
sto

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘table’ is shared by Cr. sto, Sb. сто.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘a hundred’ is shared by R. сто, Blr. сто, Ukr. сто, Pol. sto, Cz. sto, Slk. sto, Sln. sto, Cr. sto, Sb. сто, Mk. сто, Bg. сто.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
stolica

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[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo.]
strana
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 24 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak, Bulgarian;
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 83.0 million speakers of Ukrainian, Polish, Kashubian, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 20 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian, Macedo-nian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘side’ is shared by Ukr. сторона, Pol. strona, Ka. strona, Cz. strana, Slk. strana, Sln. stran, Cr. strana, Sb. страна, Mk. страна, Bg. страна.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘page’ is shared by Cz. strana, Slk. strana, Sln. stran, Cr. strana, Sb. страна, Mk. страна.
  • The meaning ‘country’ (zemlja, država) is attested in R. страна, Bg. страна.
  • The meaning ‘cheek’ (obraz) is attested in Bg. страна.
  • The meaning ‘political party’ (partija, stranka) is attested in Cz. strana, Slk. strana.
[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo.]
štuka
  • is a complete false friend for about 298 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech;
  • is a true friend for about 24 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian, Bulgarian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Slovenian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘pike’ is shared by Cr. štuka, Sb. штука, Bg. щука.
  • The meaning ‘piece’ (komad) is attested in R. штука, Pol. sztuka.
  • The meaning ‘art’ (umjetnost) is attested in Pol. sztuka.
  • The meaning ‘stucco’ (štukatura) is attested in Cz. štuka.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk., Mk.]
šuma
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 8 million native speakers of Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 18 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian, Macedonian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘forest’ is shared by Cr. šuma, Sb. шума, Mk. шума, Bg. шума.
  • The meaning ‘foliage, leaves’ (lišće) is attested in Bg. шума.
  • The meaning ‘bush’ (džbun, grm) is attested in Bg. шума.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
sutra
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Polish.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘tomorrow’ is shared by Cr. sutra, Sb. сутра.
  • The meaning ‘in the morning’ (ujutro) is attested in R. с утра.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
svjet
  • is a complete false friend for about 298 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 10 million native speakers of Serbian;
  • is a true friend for about 6 million native speakers of Croatian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘council’ (svjet, savjet) is shared by Cr. svjet, savjet, Sb. свет.
  • The meaning ‘world’ (svijet) is attested in R. свет, мир, Pol. świat, Cz. svět, Sb. свет.
  • The meaning ‘very far/long’ (vrlo daleko/dugo) is attested in Pol. świat.
  • The meaning ‘light’ (svjetlo) is attested in R. свет.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
tikva
  • is a complete false friend for about 10 million native speakers of Czech;
  • is a true friend for about 278 million native speakers of Russian, Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘pumpkin’ is shared by R. тыква, Sln. tikva, Cr. tikva, Sb. тиква, Mk. тиква, Bg. тиква.
  • The meaning ‘sweet melon’ (dinja) is attested in Cz. tykev.
[NB: No information yet for Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk.]
trudan
  • is a complete false friend for about 288 million native speakers of Russian, Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 8 million native speakers of Bulgarian;
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 10 million speakers of Slovenian, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘tired’ (trudan (arch.), umoran) is shared by Sln. truden, Cr. trudan (arch.), umoran , Sb. трудан (arch.), уморан.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘pregnant’ (trudna) is shared by Cr. trudna, Sb. трудна, Bg. трудна (arch.), бременна.
  • The meaning ‘hard’ (težak) is attested in R. трудный, Pol. trudny, Bg. труден.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Mk.]
trup
  • is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 250 million speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘trunk, body’ is shared by Cr. trup, Sb. труп.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘trunk (of a tree)’ is shared by Cr. trup, Sb. труп.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘carcass (of an animal)’ is shared by R. труп, Cr. trup, Sb. труп.
  • The meaning ‘dead body’ (leš, mrtvac) is attested in R. труп, Pol. trup.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
tuča
  • is a complete false friend for about 288 million native speakers of Russian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 8 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘hail’ is shared by Sln. toča, Cr. tuča.
  • The meaning ‘rainy cloud’ (oblak) is attested in R. туча.
  • The meaning ‘rainbow’ (duga) is attested in Pol. tęcza.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sb., Mk., Bg.]
već
  • is a complete false friend for about 314 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian, Macedonian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘already’ is shared by Cr. već, Sb. већ.
  • The meaning ‘matter, thing’ (stvar) is attested in R. вещь, Cz. věc, Slk. vec, Bg. вещ.
  • The meaning ‘assembly’ (skup, zbor) is attested in Pol. wiec.
  • The meaning ‘more’ (više) is attested in Sln. več.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
vidjeti
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 250 million speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘to see impf.’ is shared by R. видеть, Cr. vidjeti, Sb. видети.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘to see, to behold pf.’ is shared by Cr. vidjeti, Sb. видети.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘to watch pf.’ is shared by Cr. vidjeti, Sb. видети.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
vijek

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[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk.]
vješt
  • is a complete false friend for about 312 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 20 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian, Macedo-nian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘clever’ is shared by Sln. vešč, Cr. vješt, Sb. вешт, Mk. вешт.
  • The meaning ‘matter’ (stvar) is attested in R. вещь, Cz. věc, Slk. vec, Bg. вещ.
  • The meaning ‘message’ (vijest) is attested in Pol. wieść.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
voće
  • is a complete false friend for about 287 million native speakers of Russian, Ukrainian;
  • is a true friend for about 70 million native speakers of Polish, Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Serbian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Slovenian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘fruits’ is shared by Pol. owoce, Cz. ovoce, Slk. ovocie, Cr. voće, Sb. воће.
  • The meaning ‘vegetables’ (povrće) is attested in R. овощи, Ukr. овочі.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
vrag
  • is a complete false friend for about 357 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Bulgarian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 2 million native speakers of Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 18 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘devil, demon’ is shared by Sln. vrag, Cr. vrag, Sb. враг, Mk. враг.
  • The meaning ‘enemy’ (neprijatelj) is attested in R. враг, Blr. вораг, Ukr. ворог, Pol. wróg, Mk. враг, Bg. враг.
  • The meaning ‘murderer’ (ubojica) is attested in Cz. vrah, Slk. vrah.
  • The meaning ‘slyboots, smartie’ (lukavac, previjanac) is attested in Mk. враг.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
vrijedan
  • is a complete false friend for about 298 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Macedonian, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 18 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian, Czech, Slovak.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘precious’ is shared by Sln. vreden, Cr. vrijedan, Sb. вредан.
  • The meaning ‘harmful’ (štetan) is attested in R. вредный, Bg. вреден.
  • The meaning ‘able, clever’ (vješt, valjan, marljiv) is attested in Mk. вреден, Bg. вреден.
  • The meaning ‘nasty, repulsive’ (gadan, odvratan) is attested in Pol. wredny.
  • The meaning ‘insidious, deceitful’ (himben, lažan) is attested in Pol. wredny.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
vrijeme
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 252 million speakers of Russian, Slovenian;
  • is a true friend for about 16 million native speakers of Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘time’ is shared by R. время, Cr. vrijeme, Sb. време.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘weather’ is shared by Sln. vreme, Cr. vrijeme, Sb. време.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Mk., Bg.]
zahod
  • is a complete false friend for about 292 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Slovenian, Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 32 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Serbian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Bulgarian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘toilet’ is shared by Cz. záchod, Slk. záchod, Cr. zahod, Sb. заход.
  • The meaning ‘west’ (zapad) is attested in Pol. zachód, Sln. zahod.
  • The meaning ‘sunset’ (zalazak) is attested in R. заход, Pol. zachód, Sln. zahod, Mk. заод.
  • The meaning ‘trouble, effort’ (muka, trud) is attested in Pol. zachód.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo.]
zavod
  • is a complete false friend for about 306 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech, Bulgarian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 2 million native speakers of Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 18 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘institute’ is shared by Sln. zavod, Cr. zavod, Sb. завод, Mk. завод.
  • The meaning ‘contest’ (utakmica) is attested in Cz. závod.
  • The meaning ‘factory, works’ (tvornica) is attested in R. завод, Cz. závod, Mk. завод, Bg. завод.
  • The meaning ‘occupation, profession, trade’ (poziv, zanimanje) is attested in Pol. zawód.
  • The meaning ‘disappointment’ (razočarenje) is attested in Pol. zawód.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk.]
žena
  • does not have all its Bosnian meanings in the mother tongue of about 333 million speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 44 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘woman’ is shared by Ukr. жінка, Cz. žena, Slk. žena, Sln. žena, ženska, Cr. žena, Sb. жена, Mk. жена, Bg. жена.
  • The Bosnian meaning ‘wife’ is shared by R. жена, Blr. жонка, Pol. żona, Cz. žena, Slk. žena, Sln. žena, Cr. žena, Sb. жена, Mk. жена, Bg. жена.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
žito
  • is a complete false friend for about 99 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 268 million native speakers of Russian, Slovenian, Croatian, Serbian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘grain, cereals, (Br.) corn’ is shared by R. жито, Sln. žito, Cr. žito, Sb. жито.
  • The meaning ‘rye’ (raž) is attested in Ukr. жито, Pol. żyto, Cz. žito, Slk. žito, raž.
  • The meaning ‘wheat’ (pšenica) is attested in Slk. pšenica, žito, Bg. жито.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ka., LSo., USo., Mk.]
život
  • is a complete false friend for about 39 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Slovenian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 296 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 42.0 million native speakers of Kashubian, Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Serbian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo.]
zrak
  • is a complete false friend for about 36 million native speakers of Belarusian, Czech, Slovak, Serbian, Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 8 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Russian, Ukrainian, Polish, Bulgarian.

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  • The Bosnian meaning ‘air’ is shared by Sln. zrak, Cr. zrak.
  • The meaning ‘eyesight’ (vid) is attested in Blr. зрок, Cz. zrak, Slk. zrak.
  • The meaning ‘ray, beam’ (zraka) is attested in Sb. зрак, Mk. зрак.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
Ø

There is no Bosnian word like Blr. ліпень, Ukr. липень, Pol. lipiec, Cr. lipanj.

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Ø

There is no Bosnian word like Blr. чэрвень, Ukr. червень, Pol. czerwiec, Cz. červenec.

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Ø

There is no Bosnian word like Ka. rujan, Cz. říjen, Cr. rujan.

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Ø

There is no Bosnian word like R. студень, Blr. студзень, Cr. studeni.

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Ø

There is no Bosnian word like R. арбуз, Blr. гарбуз, Ukr. гарбуз, Pol. arbuz.

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Ø

There is no Bosnian word like R. пепельница, Pol. popielniczka, Cz. popelník, Slk. popolník, Sln. Pepelnica, Cr. Pepelnica.

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Ø

There is no Bosnian word like R. склеп, Ukr. склеп, Pol. sklep, Ka. sklep, Cz. sklep, Sln. sklep.

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Ø

There is no Bosnian word like R. стул, Pol. stół, Cz. stůl.

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Ø

There is no Bosnian word like R. запомнить, Blr. запомніць, Pol. zapomnieć, Cz. zapomenout, Sln. zapomniti, Mk. запомни, Bg. запомня.

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Ø

There is no Bosnian word like R. памятник, Ukr. пам’ятник, Pol. pamiętnik, Ka. pamiãtnik, Slk. pamätník, Bg. паметник.

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Ø

There is no Bosnian word like R. матка, Blr. матка, Ukr. матка, Pol. matka, Cz. matka, Slk. matka, Mk. матка, Bg. матка.

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Ø

There is no Bosnian word like R. булка, Blr. булка, Ukr. булка, Pol. bułka, Bg. булка.

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Ø

There is no Bosnian word like R. дума, Blr. дума, Ukr. дума, Pol. duma, Bg. дума.

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Ø

There is no Bosnian word like R. кресло, Blr. крэсла, Ukr. крісло, Pol. krzesło, Cz. křeslo, Slk. kreslo, Bg. кресло.

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Ø

There is no Bosnian word like R. выход, Blr. выхад, Ukr. вихід, Cz. východ, Slk. východ.

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Ø

There is no Bosnian word like R. краска, Blr. краска, Bg. краска.

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Ø

There is no Bosnian word like R. сливки, Pol. śliwki.

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Ø

There is no Bosnian word like R. существовать, Cr. suučestvovati, Bg. съществувам.

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Ø

There is no Bosnian word like R. цветень, Ukr. квітень, Pol. kwiecień, Cz. květen.

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Ø

There is no Bosnian word like R. российский, Blr. расейскі, Ukr. російський, Pol. rosyjski.

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Ø

There is no Bosnian word like Ukr. травень, Sln. traven (mali, veliki), Cr. travanj.

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Ø

There is no Bosnian word like Ukr. серпень, Pol. sierpień, Cz. srpen, Sln. srpen (mali, veliki), Cr. srpanj.

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Ø

There is no Bosnian word like Ukr. лікарня, Cz. lékárna, Slk. lekáreň, Sln. lekarna.

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More Bosnian-Slavonic false friends:

  • Jovanka Čemerikić, Guy Imart, Victoria Tikhonova-Imart. Paronymes russo/serbo-croates ("amis" et "faux-amis"). Aix-en-Provence 1988.
  • C. Ivanova, M. Aleksić. Srpsko-bugarski tematski rečnik: Leksikon međujezičkih homonima i polisemija. Veliko Trnovo 1999.
  • Danko Šipka (ed.). Rečnik srpsko-poljskih međujezičkih homonima i paronima. Słownik serbsko-polskich homonimów i paronimów. Poznań 1999.
  • Emil Tokarz. Pułapki leksykalne: Słownik aproksymatów polsko-chorwackich. Katowice 1998.

For additional information on false friends, see the On-line hypertext bibliography by Daniel Bunčić and Ryszard Lipczuk.

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