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False Friends of the Slavist/Bulgarian

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Български език (Bulgarian)

(c. 8 million native speakers)
Славянски неверни приятели на преводача в българския


Алжир
  • does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 38 million speakers of Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘Algiers’ is shared by R. Алжир, Pol. Algier.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘Algeria’ is shared by R. Алжир.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk.]
белина
  • is a complete false friend for about 46 million native speakers of Belarusian, Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 37 million native speakers of Ukrainian;
  • is a true friend for about 269.5 million native speakers of Russian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Czech.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘whiteness’ is shared by R. белизна, Ukr. білизна, Cr. bjelina, Bo. bjelina, Sb. белина, Mk. белина.
  • The meaning ‘linen, laundry’ (бельо) is attested in Blr. бялізна, Ukr. білизна, Pol. bielizna.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo., Slk., Sln.]
беседа
  • is a complete false friend for about 10 million native speakers of Belarusian, Slovenian;
  • is a true friend for about 288 million native speakers of Russian, Polish.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘talk’ is shared by R. беседа, Pol. biesiada.
  • The meaning ‘word’ (слово) is attested in Sln. beseda.
  • The meaning ‘party, ceremony’ (гощавка) is attested in Blr. бяседа.
[NB: No information yet for Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk.]
бор
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 250 million speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 2 million native speakers of Slovenian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘pine-tree’ is shared by Sln. bor.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘boron’ is shared by R. бор, Sln. bor.
  • The meaning ‘a wood of pine-trees’ (борова гора) is attested in R. бор.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk.]
брак

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘marriage’ is shared by R. брак, Cr. brak, Bo. brak, Sb. брак, Mk. брак.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘rejects, refuse, waste’ is shared by R. брак, Ukr. брак, Pol. brak.
  • The meaning ‘defect, flaw’ (недостатък, грешка) is attested in R. брак, Ukr. брак, Pol. brak.
  • The meaning ‘lack, want, shortage’ (липса) is attested in Ukr. брак, Pol. brak.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln.]
булка
  • is a complete false friend for about 333 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘bride’ is unique.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘young woman’ is unique.
  • The meaning ‘roll, white bread’ (симит) is attested in R. булка, Blr. булка, Ukr. булка, Pol. bułka.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk.]
век
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 48 million native speakers of Polish, Czech;
  • does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 17.5 million speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • is a true friend for about 254 million native speakers of Russian, Slovenian, Macedonian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘age, epoch’ is shared by R. век, Pol. wiek, Cz. věk, Sln. vek, Mk. век.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘century’ is shared by R. век, столетие, Pol. wiek, Cz. věk, Sln. vek, Cr. vijek, Bo. vijek, Sb. век, Mk. век.
  • The meaning ‘age (of a person)’ (възраст) is attested in Pol. wiek, Cz. věk.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk.]
вещ
  • is a complete false friend for about 59.5 million native speakers of Polish, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 266 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Slovak;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘matter’ is shared by R. вещь, Cz. věc, Slk. vec.
  • The meaning ‘clever’ (сръчен, умел) is attested in Sln. vešč, Cr. vješt, Bo. vješt, Sb. вешт, Mk. вешт.
  • The meaning ‘message’ (вест) is attested in Pol. wieść.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
вещ
  • is a complete false friend for about 57.5 million native speakers of Polish, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • is a true friend for about 266 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Slovak;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian, Macedonian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘matter, thing’ is shared by R. вещь, Cz. věc, Slk. vec.
  • The meaning ‘assembly’ (събрание) is attested in Pol. wiec.
  • The meaning ‘already’ (вече) is attested in Cr. već, Bo. već, Sb. већ.
  • The meaning ‘more’ (повече) is attested in Sln. več.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
враг
  • is a complete false friend for about 35.5 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 2 million native speakers of Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 333 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘enemy’ is shared by R. враг, Blr. вораг, Ukr. ворог, Pol. wróg, Mk. враг.
  • The meaning ‘devil, demon’ (чорт) is attested in Sln. vrag, Cr. vrag, Bo. vrag, Sb. враг, Mk. враг.
  • The meaning ‘murderer’ (убиец, убийца) is attested in Cz. vrah, Slk. vrah.
  • The meaning ‘slyboots, smartie’ (хитрец, шмекер) is attested in Mk. враг.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
вреден
  • is a complete false friend for about 57.5 million native speakers of Polish, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 252 million speakers of Russian, Macedonian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian, Czech, Slovak.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘harmful’ is shared by R. вредный.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘able, clever’ is shared by Mk. вреден.
  • The meaning ‘precious’ (ценен) is attested in Sln. vreden, Cr. vrijedan, Bo. vrijedan, Sb. вредан.
  • The meaning ‘nasty, repulsive’ (гаден) is attested in Pol. wredny.
  • The meaning ‘insidious, deceitful’ (фалшив, лукав) is attested in Pol. wredny.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
говор

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk.]
година
  • is a complete false friend for about 349 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak;
  • is a true friend for about 19.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedo-nian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Slovenian.

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
гора

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
дворец
  • is a complete false friend for about 75 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 277.5 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Czech, Slovak.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘palace’ is shared by R. дворец, Blr. дварэц, Cr. dvorac, Bo. dvorac, Sb. дворац, Mk. дворец.
  • The meaning ‘railway station’ (гара, станция) is attested in Ukr. двірець, Pol. dworzec.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo., Sln.]

Croatian;

  • is a true friend for about 1.5 million native speakers of Bosnian.

|baba|

  • The Serbian meaning ‘grandmother’ (баба, бака) is shared by Bo. baba, baka.
  • The Serbian meaning ‘old woman’ is shared by R. баба, Pol. baba, Cr. baba, Bo. baba.
  • The meaning ‘pejorative of a woman’ (женска) is attested in R. баба, Pol. baba.

|[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.] }}

банка
  • is a complete false friend for about 288 million native speakers of Russian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 9.5 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian.

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  • The Serbian meaning ‘bank, credit bank’ is shared by Sln. banka, Cr. banka, Bo. banka.
  • The meaning ‘(Br.) tin, (Am.) can’ (кутија) is attested in R. банка.
  • The meaning ‘container, can’ (канта) is attested in Pol. bańka.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Mk., Bg.]
белина
  • is a complete false friend for about 46 million native speakers of Belarusian, Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 37 million native speakers of Ukrainian;
  • is a true friend for about 267.5 million native speakers of Russian, Croatian, Bosnian, Macedo-nian, Bulgarian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Czech.

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  • The Serbian meaning ‘whiteness’ is shared by R. белизна, Ukr. білизна, Cr. bjelina, Bo. bjelina, Mk. белина, Bg. белина.
  • The meaning ‘linen, laundry’ (рубље, веш) is attested in Blr. бялізна, Ukr. білизна, Pol. bielizna.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo., Slk., Sln.]
боље
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 9.5 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Polish.

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  • The Serbian meaning ‘better’ is shared by Sln. bolje, Cr. bolje, Bo. bolje.
  • The meaning ‘more’ (више) is attested in R. более.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Mk., Bg.]
брак
  • is a complete false friend for about 75 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 258 million native speakers of Russian, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 9.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Macedonian.

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  • The Serbian meaning ‘marriage’ is shared by R. брак, Cr. brak, Bo. brak, Mk. брак, Bg. брак.
  • The meaning ‘defect, flaw’ (мана) is attested in R. брак, Ukr. брак, Pol. brak.
  • The meaning ‘rejects, refuse, waste’ (олош, дефицитна роба) is attested in R. брак, Ukr. брак, Pol. brak, Bg. брак.
  • The meaning ‘lack, want, shortage’ (недостатак) is attested in Ukr. брак, Pol. brak.
{{{6}}}
брз
  • is a complete false friend for about 10 million native speakers of Czech;
  • is a true friend for about 7.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian.

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  • The Serbian meaning ‘quick, fast (adj.)’ is shared by Cr. brz, Bo. brz.
  • The meaning ‘soon (adv.)’ (скоро) is attested in Cz. brzy.
[NB: No information yet for R., Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
век

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[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk.]
већ
  • is a complete false friend for about 314 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 7.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian, Macedonian.

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  • The Serbian meaning ‘already’ is shared by Cr. već, Bo. već.
  • The meaning ‘matter, thing’ (ствар) is attested in R. вещь, Cz. věc, Slk. vec, Bg. вещ.
  • The meaning ‘assembly’ (скуп, збор) is attested in Pol. wiec.
  • The meaning ‘more’ (више) is attested in Sln. več.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
вешт
  • is a complete false friend for about 312 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 11.5 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Macedo-nian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian.

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  • The Serbian meaning ‘clever’ is shared by Sln. vešč, Cr. vješt, Bo. vješt, Mk. вешт.
  • The meaning ‘matter’ (ствар) is attested in R. вещь, Cz. věc, Slk. vec, Bg. вещ.
  • The meaning ‘message’ (вест) is attested in Pol. wieść.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
видети
  • does not have all its Serbian meanings in the mother tongue of about 250 million speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 7.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian.

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  • The Serbian meaning ‘to see impf.’ is shared by R. видеть, Cr. vidjeti, Bo. vidjeti.
  • The Serbian meaning ‘to see, to behold pf.’ is shared by Cr. vidjeti, Bo. vidjeti.
  • The Serbian meaning ‘to watch pf.’ is shared by Cr. vidjeti, Bo. vidjeti.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
воће
  • is a complete false friend for about 287 million native speakers of Russian, Ukrainian;
  • is a true friend for about 61.5 million native speakers of Polish, Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Bosnian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Slovenian, Macedonian, Bulgarian.

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  • The Serbian meaning ‘fruits’ is shared by Pol. owoce, Cz. ovoce, Slk. ovocie, Cr. voće, Bo. voće, Bg. овощен.
  • The meaning ‘vegetables’ (поврће) is attested in R. овощи, Ukr. овочі.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
враг
  • is a complete false friend for about 357 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Bulgarian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 2 million native speakers of Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 9.5 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian.

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  • The Serbian meaning ‘devil, demon’ is shared by Sln. vrag, Cr. vrag, Bo. vrag, Mk. враг.
  • The meaning ‘enemy’ (непријатељ) is attested in R. враг, Blr. вораг, Ukr. ворог, Pol. wróg, Mk. враг, Bg. враг.
  • The meaning ‘murderer’ (убица) is attested in Cz. vrah, Slk. vrah.
  • The meaning ‘slyboots, smartie’ (лукавац, превијанац) is attested in Mk. враг.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
вредан
  • is a complete false friend for about 298 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Macedonian, Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 9.5 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian, Czech, Slovak.

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  • The Serbian meaning ‘precious’ is shared by Sln. vreden, Cr. vrijedan, Bo. vrijedan.
  • The meaning ‘harmful’ (штетан) is attested in R. вредный, Bg. вреден.
  • The meaning ‘able, clever’ (вешт, ваљан, марљив) is attested in Mk. вреден, Bg. вреден.
  • The meaning ‘nasty, repulsive’ (гадан, одвратан) is attested in Pol. wredny.
  • The meaning ‘insidious, deceitful’ (химбен, лажан) is attested in Pol. wredny.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
време
  • does not have all its Serbian meanings in the mother tongue of about 252 million speakers of Russian, Slovenian;
  • is a true friend for about 7.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian.

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  • The Serbian meaning ‘time’ is shared by R. время, Cr. vrijeme, Bo. vrijeme.
  • The Serbian meaning ‘weather’ is shared by Sln. vreme, Cr. vrijeme, Bo. vrijeme.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Mk., Bg.]
говор
  • is a complete false friend for about 333 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 8 million native speakers of Bulgarian;
  • is a true friend for about 7.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian.

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk.]
година
  • is a complete false friend for about 349 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak;
  • is a true friend for about 17.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Macedonian, Bulgarian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Slovenian.

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
гора
  • is a complete false friend for about 8 million native speakers of Bulgarian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 6 million native speakers of Slovak;
  • is a true friend for about 352.5 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Macedonian.

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  • The Serbian meaning ‘mountain’ is shared by R. гора, Blr. гара, Ukr. гора, Pol. góra, Cz. hora, Slk. hora, Sln. gora, Cr. gora, Bo. gora.
  • The meaning ‘forest’ (шума) is attested in Slk. hora, Bg. гора.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
град
  • is a complete false friend for about 12 million native speakers of Czech, Slovenian;
  • does not have all its Serbian meanings in the mother tongue of about 38 million speakers of Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 257.5 million native speakers of Russian, Croatian, Bosnian.

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  • The Serbian meaning ‘town’ is shared by R. град (arch.), город, Cr. grad, Bo. grad.
  • The Serbian meaning ‘hail’ is shared by R. град, Pol. grad, Cr. grad, Bo. grad.
  • The meaning ‘fortress’ (тврђава, утврђење) is attested in Cz. hrad, Sln. grad.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk., Mk., Bg.]
грудаст
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 7.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian.

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  • The Serbian meaning ‘granular’ is shared by Cr. grudast, Bo. grudast.
  • The meaning ‘big-breasted’ (са великама грудима) is attested in R. грудастая.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
дворац
  • is a complete false friend for about 75 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 275.5 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Croatian, Bosnian, Macedonian, Bulgarian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Czech, Slovak.

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  • The Serbian meaning ‘palace’ is shared by R. дворец, Blr. дварэц, Cr. dvorac, Bo. dvorac, Mk. дворец, Bg. дворец.
  • The meaning ‘railway station’ (станица) is attested in Ukr. двірець, Pol. dworzec.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo., Sln.]
дева
  • does not have all its Serbian meanings in the mother tongue of about 257.5 million speakers of Russian, Croatian, Bosnian.

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  • The Serbian meaning ‘maiden’ is shared by R. дева.
  • The Serbian meaning ‘camel’ is shared by Cr. deva, Bo. deva.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk., Bg.]
дете
  • is a complete false friend for about 2 million native speakers of Slovenian;
  • is a true friend for about 17.5 million native speakers of Czech, Croatian, Bosnian.

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  • The Serbian meaning ‘child’ is shared by Cz. dítě, Cr. dijete, Bo. dijete.
  • The meaning ‘baby’ (беба, младунче, одојче) is attested in Sln. dete.
[NB: No information yet for R., Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk., Mk., Bg.]
диван
  • is a complete false friend for about 46 million native speakers of Belarusian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 283.5 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian; Bulgarian.
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Ukrainian, Macedonian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘settee, sofa’ is shared by R. диван, Cz. divan, Slk. diván, Sln. divan, Cr. divan, Bo. divan, Sr. диван.
  • The meaning ‘carpet’ (ћилим) is attested in Blr. дыван, Pol. dywan.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
диня

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘watermelon’ is unique.
  • The meaning ‘pumpkin’ (тиква) is attested in Pol. dynia.
  • The meaning ‘sweet melon’ (пъпеш) is attested in R. дыня, Ukr. диня, Sln. dinja, Cr. dinja, Bo. dinja, Sb. диња, Mk. диња.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk.]
доба
  • is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 16 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak;
  • is a true friend for about 19.5 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘time, era, period’ is shared by Cz. doba, Slk. doba, Sln. doba, Cr. doba, Bo. doba, Sb. доба.
  • The meaning ‘day (24 hours)’ (ден (24 часови)) is attested in Pol. doba.
  • The meaning ‘time, duration’ (трайност) is attested in Cz. doba, Slk. doba.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo., Mk.]
дума
  • is a complete false friend for about 333 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln.]
Дунав
  • is a complete false friend for about 2 million native speakers of Slovenian;
  • is a true friend for about 323.5 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘Danube’ is shared by R. Дунай, Pol. Dunaj, Cz. Dunaj, Slk. Dunaj, Cr. Dunaj, Bo. Dunaj, Sb. Дунај, Mk. Дунав.
  • The meaning ‘Vienna’ (Виена) is attested in Sln. Dunaj.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo.]
елха
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘fir-tree’ is unique.
  • The meaning ‘alder’ (елша) is attested in R. ольха.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk.]
жена
  • does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 333 million speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 37.5 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘woman’ is shared by Ukr. жінка, Cz. žena, Slk. žena, Sln. žena, ženska, Cr. žena, Bo. žena, Sb. жена, Mk. жена.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘wife’ is shared by R. жена, Blr. жонка, Pol. żona, Cz. žena, Slk. žena, Sln. žena, Cr. žena, Bo. žena, Sb. жена, Mk. жена.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
живот
  • is a complete false friend for about 39 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Slovenian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 296 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 35.5 million native speakers of Kashubian, Czech, Slovak, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo.]
жито

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[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ka., LSo., USo., Mk.]
завод
  • is a complete false friend for about 57.5 million native speakers of Polish, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 12 million native speakers of Czech, Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘factory, works’ is shared by R. завод, Cz. závod, Mk. завод.
  • The meaning ‘contest’ (състезание) is attested in Cz. závod.
  • The meaning ‘occupation, profession, trade’ (професия) is attested in Pol. zawód.
  • The meaning ‘institute’ (институт) is attested in Sln. zavod, Cr. zavod, Bo. zavod, Sb. завод, Mk. завод.
  • The meaning ‘disappointment’ (разочарование) is attested in Pol. zawód.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk.]
запомня
  • is a complete false friend for about 48 million native speakers of Polish, Czech;
  • is a true friend for about 262 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Slovenian, Macedonian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Ukrainian, Slovak, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘to memorize’ is shared by R. запомнить, Blr. запомніць, Sln. zapomniti, Mk. запомни.
  • The meaning ‘to forget’ (забравям) is attested in Pol. zapomnieć, Cz. zapomenout.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
зърно
  • does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 252 million speakers of Russian, Slovenian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘corn, kernel’ is shared by R. зерно, Sln. zrno.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘berry’ is unique.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk.]
играя

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
изкуство
  • is a complete false friend for about 17.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Polish.

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[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Mk.]
изход
  • does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 250 million speakers of Russian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘result’ is shared by R. исход.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘resort, way out’ is shared by R. исход.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘exit’ is unique.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk.]
ковчег
  • is a complete false friend for about 2 million native speakers of Slovenian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 7.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian;
  • does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 267.5 million speakers of Russian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Polish, Czech, Slovak.

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[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Mk.]
край
  • is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 37 million native speakers of Ukrainian;
  • does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 276 million speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Czech, Slovak, Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 19.5 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘edge’ is shared by R. край, Blr. край, Ukr. край, Cz. kraj, Slk. kraj, Sln. kraj, Cr. kraj, Bo. kraj, Sb. крај.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘end’ is shared by Ukr. край, Sln. kraj, Cr. kraj, Bo. kraj, Sb. крај, Mk. крај.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘region’ is shared by R. край, Blr. край, Ukr. край, Cz. kraj, Slk. kraj, Sln. kraj, Cr. kraj, Bo. kraj, Sb. крај, Mk. крај.
  • The meaning ‘country’ (страна) is attested in Ukr. край, Pol. kraj.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
краска
  • is a complete false friend for about 8 million native speakers of Belarusian;
  • is a true friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Polish, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedo-nian.

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[NB: No information yet for Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln.]
кресло
  • is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 8 million native speakers of Belarusian;
  • is a true friend for about 303 million native speakers of Russian, Ukrainian, Czech, Slovak;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘armchair’ is shared by R. кресло, Blr. крэсла, Ukr. крісло, Cz. křeslo, Slk. kreslo.
  • The meaning ‘chair’ (стол) is attested in Blr. крэсла, Pol. krzesło.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
крик
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘jack’ is unique.
  • The meaning ‘cry, shout’ (вик) is attested in R. крик.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk.]
лист
  • is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 51.0 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Kashubian, Slovak;
  • does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 50,000 speakers of Kashubian;
  • is a true friend for about 281.5 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘sheet of paper’ is shared by R. лист, Blr. ліст, аркуш, Ukr. лист, Cz. list, Slk. list, Sln. list, Cr. list, Bo. list, Sb. лист, Mk. лист.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘leaf’ is shared by R. лист, Blr. ліст, Ukr. лист, Ka. lëst, Cz. list, Slk. list, Sln. list, Cr. list, Bo. list, Sb. лист, Mk. лист.
  • The meaning ‘letter’ (писмо) is attested in Blr. ліст, пісьмо, Ukr. лист, Pol. list, Ka. lëst, Slk. list.
[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo.]
листопад
  • is a complete false friend for about 55,000 native speakers of Upper Sorbian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 101 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovenian, Croatian;
  • is a true friend for about 269.5 million native speakers of Russian, Slovak, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo.]
лула
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 27.5 million native speakers of Belarusian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Polish.

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[NB: No information yet for Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln.]
лято
  • is a complete false friend for about 2 million native speakers of Slovenian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 304 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech;
  • is a true friend for about 64.5 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Slovak, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘summer’ is shared by R. лето, Blr. лета, Ukr. літо, Pol. lato, Cz. léto, Slk. leto, Cr. ljeto, Bo. ljeto, Sb. лето, Mk. лето.
{{{6}}}
майка
  • is a complete false friend for about 258 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian;
  • does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 19.5 million speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Ukrainian, Polish, Slovenian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘mother’ is shared by Cr. majka, Bo. majka, Sb. мајка, Mk. мајка.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘dam, female animal’ is shared by Mk. мајка.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘nut (to screw on a bolt)’ is unique.
  • The meaning ‘gym shirt’ (риза, кошуля) is attested in R. майка, Blr. майка.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk.]
маса

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
матка
  • is a complete false friend for about 54 million native speakers of Polish, Czech, Slovak;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 258 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian;
  • is a true friend for about 39 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Macedonian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘womb, uterus’ is shared by R. матка, Blr. матка, Ukr. матка, Mk. матка.
  • The meaning ‘mother’ (майка) is attested in Blr. матка, Pol. matka, Cz. matka, Slk. matka.
  • The meaning ‘dam, female animal’ (майка) is attested in R. матка, Blr. матка, Pol. matka.
  • The meaning ‘nut (to screw on a bolt)’ (майка) is attested in Cz. matka.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
мед
  • does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 287 million speakers of Russian, Ukrainian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘copper’ is shared by R. медь, Ukr. мед.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘honey’ is unique.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk.]
Мексико
  • does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 250 million speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘Mexico City’ is shared by Pol. Meksyk.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘Mexico (country)’ is shared by R. Мексика, Pol. Meksyk.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk.]
меч
  • is a complete false friend for about 55.5 million native speakers of Polish, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 2 million native speakers of Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 305 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Czech.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘sword’ is shared by R. меч, Blr. меч, Ukr. меч, Cz. meč, Mk. меч.
  • The meaning ‘match, game’ (мач) is attested in Pol. mecz, Cr. meč, Bo. meč, Sb. меч, Mk. меч.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo., Slk., Sln.]
мъж
  • does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 313.5 million speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Polish, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • is a true friend for about 57 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Macedonian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘man’ is shared by Ukr. муж, Cz. muž, Slk. muž, Sln. mož, moški, Mk. маж.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘husband’ is shared by R. муж, Blr. муж, Ukr. муж, чоловік, Pol. mąż, Cz. muž, Slk. muž, Sln. mož, Cr. muž, Bo. muž, Sb. муж, Mk. маж.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
нагъл

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
неделя
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 23.5 million native speakers of Czech, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 97 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian.

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
образ

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[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Mk.]
орган
  • does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 250 million speakers of Russian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘organ (e.g. in the body)’ is shared by R. орган.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘organ (musical instrument)’ is unique.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk.]
палец
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • is a true friend for about 10 million native speakers of Czech.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘thumb’ is shared by Cz. palec.
  • The meaning ‘finger’ (пръст) is attested in R. палец.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk., Sln., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk.]
памет
  • is a complete false friend for about 17.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • is a true friend for about 260 million native speakers of Russian, Czech.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘memory’ is shared by R. память, Cz. paměť.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘computer memory’ is shared by R. память, Cz. paměť.
  • The meaning ‘reason, intellect’ (разум) is attested in Cr. pamet, Bo. pamet, Sb. памет.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk., Sln., Mk.]
паметник
  • is a complete false friend for about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 50,000 native speakers of Kashubian;
  • is a true friend for about 293 million native speakers of Russian, Ukrainian, Slovak;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Czech, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo.]
пара
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 83 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 37.5 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘steam’ is shared by Blr. пара, Ukr. пара, Pol. para, Cz. pára, Slk. para, Sln. para, Cr. para, Bo. para, Sb. пара, Mk. пара.
  • The meaning ‘pair’ (чифт, двойка) is attested in R. пара, Blr. пара, Ukr. пара, Pol. para.
  • The meaning ‘a couple of, some’ (няколко) is attested in R. пара, Blr. пара, Ukr. пара, Pol. parę.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
писар
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 38 million native speakers of Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 259.5 million native speakers of Russian, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘scribe’ is shared by R. писарь, Pol. pisarz, Sln. pisar, Cr. pisar, Bo. pisar.
  • The meaning ‘writer’ (писател) is attested in Pol. pisarz.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sb., Mk.]
пладне
  • is a complete false friend for about 37 million native speakers of Ukrainian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 46.0 million native speakers of Belarusian, Polish, Kashubian;
  • is a true friend for about 287.5 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo.]
плът
  • is a complete false friend for about 67.5 million native speakers of Polish, Czech, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 2 million native speakers of Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘body, flesh’ is shared by R. плоть, Mk. плот.
  • The meaning ‘fence’ (ограда) is attested in Pol. płot, Cz. plot, Sln. plot, Cr. plot, Bo. plot, Sb. плот, Mk. плот.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk.]
повест
  • is a complete false friend for about 100.5 million native speakers of Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian;
  • is a true friend for about 260 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Macedonian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Serbian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘novelette’ is shared by R. повесть, Blr. аповесць, Mk. повест.
  • The meaning ‘novel’ (роман) is attested in Ukr. повість, Pol. powieść.
  • The meaning ‘history’ (история) is attested in Cr. povijest, Bo. povijest.
  • The meaning ‘fame, reputation’ (почитание, име) is attested in Cz. pověst, Slk. povesť.
  • The meaning ‘legend’ (приказка, предание) is attested in Cz. pověst, Slk. povesť, Sln. povest.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
покой
  • is a complete false friend for about 46 million native speakers of Belarusian, Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 266.0 million native speakers of Russian, Kashubian, Czech, Slovak;
  • is a true friend for about 14 million native speakers of Slovenian, Serbian, Macedonian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Ukrainian, Croatian.

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[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo., Bo.]
полунощ
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 83 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 287.5 million native speakers of Russian, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘midnight’ is shared by R. полночь, Blr. поўнач, Ukr. північ, Pol. północ, Cz. půlnoc, Slk. polnoc, Sln. polnoč, Cr. ponoć, Bo. ponoć, Sb. поноћ, Mk. полноќ.
  • The meaning ‘north’ (север) is attested in Blr. поўнач, Ukr. північ, Pol. północ.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
(на) право
  • is a complete false friend for about 349.0 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Kashubian, Czech, Slovak;
  • is a true friend for about 19.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedo-nian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Slovenian.

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[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo.]
проба
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 2 million native speakers of Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘probe’ is shared by R. проба, Mk. проба.
  • The meaning ‘to test’ (пробвам) is attested in Mk. проба.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Cr., Bo., Sb.]
прозвище
  • is a complete false friend for about 37 million native speakers of Ukrainian;
  • is a true friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Macedonian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘nickname’ is shared by R. прозвище.
  • The meaning ‘surname’ (презиме) is attested in Ukr. прізвище.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Cr., Bo., Sb.]
просто
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 83 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish;
  • is a true friend for about 287.5 million native speakers of Russian, Kashubian, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian.

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[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo.]
разбой
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘weaver’s loom’ is unique.
  • The meaning ‘robbery’ (обир) is attested in R. разбой.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk.]
реч

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘speech’ is shared by R. речь, Cz. řeč, Slk. reč, Mk. реч.
  • The meaning ‘word’ (дума, слово) is attested in Cr. riječ, Bo. riječ, Sb. реч.
  • The meaning ‘matter’ (вещ) is attested in Blr. рэч, Ukr. річ, Pol. rzecz, Sln. reč.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
родина

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
словенски
  • is a complete false friend for about 28 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak, Serbian, Macedonian;
  • is a true friend for about 342.6 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Kashubian, Lower Sorbian, Upper Sorbian, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘Slovenian’ is shared by R. словенский, Blr. славенскі, Ukr. словінський, Pol. słoweński, Ka. słowensczi, LSo. słowjeński, USo. słowjenski, Sln. slovenski, Cr. slovenski, Bo. slovenski.
  • The meaning ‘Slovak’ (словашки) is attested in Cz. slovenský, Slk. slovenský.
  • The meaning ‘Slavonic’ (славянски) is attested in Sb. словенски, Mk. словенски.
[NB: Information complete.]
слово
  • is a complete false friend for about 19.5 million native speakers of Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • is a true friend for about 349 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Macedonian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘word’ is shared by R. слово, Blr. слова, Ukr. слово, Pol. słowo, Cz. slovo, Slk. slovo.
  • The meaning ‘letter (of the alphabet)’ (буква) is attested in Cr. slovo, Bo. slovo, Sb. слово.
  • The meaning ‘leave-taking, farewell’ (прощаване) is attested in Sln. slovo.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
среда
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 250 million speakers of Russian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘middle, centre’ is unique.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘environment’ is shared by R. среда.
  • The meaning ‘Wednesday’ (сряда) is attested in R. среда.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk.]
сто
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 17.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • is a true friend for about 353 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Macedonian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘a hundred’ is shared by R. сто, Blr. сто, Ukr. сто, Pol. sto, Cz. sto, Slk. sto, Sln. sto, Cr. sto, Bo. sto, Sb. сто, Mk. сто.
  • The meaning ‘table’ (маса) is attested in Cr. sto, Bo. sto, Sb. сто.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
стол

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[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
столица

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘capital’ is shared by R. столица, Blr. сталіца, Ukr. столиця, Pol. stolica, Ka. stolëca.
  • The meaning ‘chair’ (стол) is attested in Cz. stolice, Slk. stolica, Cr. stolica, Bo. stolica, Sb. столица, Mk. столица.
  • The meaning ‘professorship’ (катедра) is attested in Sln. stolica.
[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo.]
страна

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[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo.]
съществувам
  • is a complete false friend for about 6 million native speakers of Croatian;
  • is a true friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian, Bosnian, Serbian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘exist’ is shared by R. существовать.
  • The meaning ‘participate’ (съучаствувам) is attested in Cr. suučestvovati.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo., Mk.]
тиква
  • is a complete false friend for about 10 million native speakers of Czech;
  • is a true friend for about 271.5 million native speakers of Russian, Slovenian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Belarusian, Ukrainian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘pumpkin’ is shared by R. тыква, Sln. tikva, Cr. tikva, Bo. tikva, Sb. тиква, Mk. тиква.
  • The meaning ‘sweet melon’ (пъпеш) is attested in Cz. tykev.
[NB: No information yet for Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk.]
труден

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[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Mk.]
федерация
  • does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 250 million speakers of Russian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘federation’ is shared by R. федерация.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘spring-suspension’ is unique.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk.]
час
  • is a complete false friend for about 101 million native speakers of Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian;
  • is a true friend for about 263.5 million native speakers of Russian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedo-nian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Croatian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘hour’ is shared by R. час, Bo. čas, Sb. час, Mk. час.
  • The meaning ‘time’ (време) is attested in Blr. час, Ukr. час, Pol. czas, Cz. čas, Slk. čas, Sln. čas.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
чувам
  • is a complete false friend for about 250 million native speakers of Russian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘to hear’ is unique.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘to keep’ is unique.
  • The meaning ‘to feel’ (усещам, чувствувам) is attested in R. чуять.
  • The meaning ‘to smell (animal)’ (подуша) is attested in R. чуять (запах).
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Pol., Ka., LSo., USo., Cz., Slk., Sln., Cr., Bo., Sb., Mk.]
шина
  • is a complete false friend for about 57.5 million native speakers of Polish, Kashubian, Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 37 million native speakers of Ukrainian;
  • is a true friend for about 258 million native speakers of Russian, Belarusian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Czech, Slovak, Slovenian.

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[NB: No information yet for LSo., USo.]
шума
  • does not have all its Bulgarian meanings in the mother tongue of about 19.5 million speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedonian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Russian, Belarusian, Ukrainian, Polish, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘forest’ is shared by Cr. šuma, Bo. šuma, Sb. шума, Mk. шума.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘foliage, leaves’ is unique.
  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘bush’ is unique.
[NB: No information yet for Ka., LSo., USo.]
щука
  • is a complete false friend for about 298 million native speakers of Russian, Polish, Czech;
  • is a true friend for about 17.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian;
  • does not have any formally similar counterparts in Slovenian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘pike’ is shared by Cr. štuka, Bo. štuka, Sb. штука.
  • The meaning ‘piece’ (къс, экземпляр) is attested in R. штука, Pol. sztuka.
  • The meaning ‘art’ (изкуство) is attested in Pol. sztuka.
  • The meaning ‘stucco’ (мазач, мазилка) is attested in Cz. štuka.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo., Slk., Mk.]
ягода
  • is a complete false friend for about 288 million native speakers of Russian, Polish;
  • has additional meanings in the language of about 18 million native speakers of Czech, Slovak, Slovenian;
  • is a true friend for about 19.5 million native speakers of Croatian, Bosnian, Serbian, Macedo-nian.

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  • The Bulgarian meaning ‘strawberry’ is shared by Cz. jahoda, Slk. jahoda, Sln. jagoda, Cr. jagoda, Bo. jagoda, Sb. јагода, Mk. јагода.
  • The meaning ‘berry’ (сочен зърнест плод от храстови растения) is attested in R. ягода, Pol. jagoda, Cz. jahoda, Slk. jahoda, Sln. jagoda.
[NB: No information yet for Blr., Ukr., Ka., LSo., USo.]
Ø

There is no Bulgarian word like Blr. ліпень, Ukr. липень, Pol. lipiec, Cr. lipanj.

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Ø

The Bulgarian meaning red ("червен") like Blr. чэрвень, Ukr. червень, Pol. czerwiec, Cz. červenec.

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Ø

There is no Bulgarian word like Blr. зрок, Cz. zrak, Slk. zrak, Sln. zrak, Cr. zrak, Bo. zrak, Sb. зрак, Mk. зрак.

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Ø

There is no Bulgarian word like Blr. дадатны, Ukr. додатний, Pol. dodatni, Cr. dodatni, Bo. dodatni, Sb. додатни.

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Ø

The Bulgarian word ("руен") like Ka. rujan, Cz. říjen, Cr. rujan.

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Ø

The Bulgarian meaning cold ("студен") like R. студень, Blr. студзень, Cr. studeni.

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Ø

The Bulgarian meaning watermelon ("карпуза"), but popular is ("диня") like R. арбуз, Blr. гарбуз, Ukr. гарбуз, Pol. arbuz.

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Ø

There is no Bulgarian word like R. склеп, Ukr. склеп, Pol. sklep, Ka. sklep, Cz. sklep, Sln. sklep.

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Ø

The Bulgarian meaning plant ("садя") like R. сад, Pol. sad, Cz. sad, Slk. sad, Sln. sad, Cr. sad, Bo. sad, Sb. сад.

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Ø

The Bulgarian meaning chair,stool,canteen ("стол") like R. стул, Pol. stół, Cz. stůl.

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Ø

The Bulgarian meaning sofa ("диван") like R. диван, Blr. дыван, Pol. dywan, Cz. divan, Slk. diván, Sln. divan, Cr. divan, Bo. divan, Sb. диван.

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Ø

There is no Bulgarian word like R. выход, Blr. выхад, Ukr. вихід, Cz. východ, Slk. východ.

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Ø

There is no Bulgarian word like R. овощи, Ukr. овочі, Pol. owoce, Cz. ovoce, Slk. ovocie, Cr. voće, Bo. voće, Sb. воће.

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Ø

The Bulgarian meaning darkness ("мрак") like R. мрак, Cz. mrak, Slk. mrak, Cr. mrak, Bo. mrak, Sb. мрак.

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Ø

There is no Bulgarian word like R. охотник, Ukr. охочий, Pol. ochotnik.

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Ø

The Bulgarian meaning fixed time, set term, deadline ("срок") like R. рок, Pol. rok, Cz. rok, Sln. rok, Cr. rok, Bo. rok, Sb. рок, Mk. рок.

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Ø

There is no Bulgarian word like R. сливки, Pol. śliwki.

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Ø

There is no Bulgarian word like R. заход, Pol. zachód, Cz. záchod, Slk. záchod, Sln. zahod, Cr. zahod, Bo. zahod, Sb. заход, Mk. заод.

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Ø

The Bulgarian meaning coloured ("цветен") like R. цветень, Ukr. квітень, Pol. kwiecień, Cz. květen.

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Ø

There is no Bulgarian word like R. берёзовик, Blr. бярозавік.

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Ø

There is no Bulgarian word like Ukr. травень, Sln. traven (mali, veliki), Cr. travanj.

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Ø

There is no Bulgarian word like Ukr. серпень, Pol. sierpień, Cz. srpen, Sln. srpen (mali, veliki), Cr. srpanj.

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Ø

The Bulgarian meaning doctor ("лекар") like Ukr. лікарня, Cz. lékárna, Slk. lekáreň, Sln. lekarna.

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More Bulgarian-Slavonic false friends:

  • C. Ivanova, M. Aleksić. Srpsko-bugarski tematski rečnik: Leksikon međujezičkih homonima i polisemija. Veliko Trnovo 1999.
  • M. Karpaczewa, Christa Simeonova, Emil Tokarz. Pułapki leksykalne: Słownik aproksymatyzmów polsko-bułgarskich. Katowice 1994.

For additional information on false friends, see the On-line hypertext bibliography by Daniel Bunčić and Ryszard Lipczuk.

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